| 中国表层土壤中239+240Pu的空间分布与变异性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄亚楠,潘少明,肖智,邓树林.中国表层土壤中239+240Pu的空间分布与变异性研究[J].中国环境科学,2020,40(6):2554-2564. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄亚楠 潘少明 肖智 邓树林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 江苏 南京 210023;
2. 澳大利亚国立大学物理与工程学院, ACT堪培拉 2601;
3. 南宁师范大学国土资源与测绘学院, 广西 南宁 530001;
4. 南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院, 广西 南宁 530001 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFA0600502）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41671466） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解中国表层土壤中239+240Pu比活度和240Pu/239Pu的范围、空间分布以及变异性，利用统计分析和数学模型的方法，定量分析了1991~2019年中国表层土壤239+240Pu比活度和240Pu/239Pu的范围，空间分布以及产生空间变异性的原因.结果表明：中国表层土壤中240Pu/239Pu比值集中在0.18的概率为99%，全球大气核试验沉降是中国表层土壤中239+240Pu的主要来源；表层土壤中239+240Pu比活度处于低放射水平（£1Bq/kg的概率为94%），西北和东北地区的表层土壤中239+240Pu比活度有较高的空间变异性.239+240Pu分布的空间变异性受到大气混合、冠层效应、土壤粒度、有机质和迁移（横向迁移和纵向迁移）的影响.同时，本文系统梳理了计算表层土壤中239+240Pu空间变异的数学模型，为定量评估239+240Pu的环境水平提供有效的方法.
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| 关 键 词： | 表层土壤 239+240Pu 240Pu/239Pu 分布 变异性 迁移 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-11-12 |
Spatial distribution and variability of 239+240Pu in surface soil of China |
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| HUANG Ya-nan,PAN Shao-ming,XIAO Zhi,DENG Shu-lin.Spatial distribution and variability of 239+240Pu in surface soil of China[J].China Environmental Science,2020,40(6):2554-2564. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Ya-nan PAN Shao-ming XIAO Zhi DENG Shu-lin |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Ministry Education of Coastal and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
2. Department of Nuclear Physics, the Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia;
3. School of Natural Resource and Surveying, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China;
4. School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to understand the range of 239+240Pu and 240Pu/239Pu that the data from the literature published in 1991 to 2019, spatial distribution and variability of 239+240Pu and 240Pu/239Pu in Chinese surface soil were quantitatively analyzed by statistical analysis and mathematical model. The results showed that the atom ratio of 240Pu/239Pu in Chinese surface soil was concentrated at 0.18(99%), the global fallout was the main source of 239+240Pu in the surface soil of China;239+240Pu was at a low radiation level (£1Bq/kg, 94%) in the surface soil, and the 239+240Pu of Northwest and Northeast China had a high spatial variability. The 239+240Pu distribution were affected by atmospheric mixing, canopy effect, soil particle size, organic matter and migration (horizontal and vertical migration). At the same time, this study systematically combed out the mathematical model for calculating the spatial variation of 239+240Pu in surface soil of China, providing an effective method for quantitative assessment of the environmental level of 239+240Pu. |
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| Keywords: | surface soil 239+240Pu 240Pu/239Pu distribution variability migration |
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