石油烃在土柱中的纵向迁移行为模拟

通过室内土柱模拟试验研究了石油烃在土壤剖面中的纵向迁移特点及影响因素. 结果表明，淋滤后多环芳烃(PAHs)主要富集在土柱表层，w(PAHs)随深度增加而明显降低，但不同土柱w(PAHs)降幅不同. 饱和烃类化合物组成特征表明，土柱不同深度下饱和烃化合物的组成特征与原土样有明显不同，表明这些化合物在土壤剖面上发生了迁移，但不同化合物(正构烷烃、甾萜类和烷基环己烷)纵向迁移的深度不同，说明饱和烃中不同组分化合物的迁移能力不同. 石油烃组成及质量分数随深度变化特征表明，影响石油烃在土壤中纵向迁移的因素主要有土壤总有机碳(TOC)的质量分数和原油黏度. 

Vertical Transport Behavior Simulation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil Columns

Vertical transport characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) were simulated in indoor soil columns, and factors impacting the transport were investigated. The results indicated that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulated mainly at the topsoil of the column after leaching. The contents of PAHs decreased with increased depth in the columns, but to different degrees in different columns. As far as the same soil horizons were concerned, the saturated hydrocarbon compositions were different between the original soil samples and the samples in the soil columns, which indicated vertical transport of these compounds. However, the vertical transport depths of different compounds (n-alkanes, terpenes and steroids, alkyl cyclohexane) were different, which indicated different transport abilities of the sub-components of the saturated hydrocarbons. The characteristics of the contents and compositions of PHs at different depths in the soil columns indicated that the main factors impacting PH vertical transport were total organic carbon (TOC) and petroleum viscosity.