高分子重金属絮凝剂ISXA与ISX除浊、除Ni2+性能的比较研究

以交联淀粉、丙烯酰胺、CS2、NaOH等为原料,在一定条件下合成了一种新型高分子重金属絮凝剂不溶性淀粉黄原酸酯-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物(ISXA).比较了它与不溶性淀粉黄原酸酯(ISX)的除浊、除Ni2 性能,探讨了各自的作用机理,并研究了几个影响ISXA和ISX去除水中浊度和Ni2 的因素.结果表明:1)在各种条件下,ISXA的除浊、除Ni2 性能均优于ISX;2)ISXA和ISX的投加量均为250mg·L-1时,Ni2 的去除率分别达到97%和87%;3)原水pH值对絮凝剂的除Ni2 效果有影响;4)在致浊物质和金属离子共同存在的水体中,两者会相互促进彼此的去除,Ni2 的去除率可达99%以上,浊度去除率提高10%左右;5)反应时间越长,处理效果越好,12min以后结果趋于平缓.

Study on the comparison between macromolecule heavy metal flocculant ISXA and ISX in turbidity and Ni2+ removal performance

Anovel water-insoluble macromolecule heavy metal flocculant ISXAhas been prepared by reacting cross-linked starch and acrylamide with CS₂ in alkaline medium. The turbidity and Ni²⁺ removal performances of ISXAand insoluble starch xanthate(ISX) were compared. The removal mechanism was discussed, and some factors that affect turbidity and Ni²⁺ removal by ISXAand ISXwere studied as well. The results indicated that: 1) The turbidity and Ni²⁺ removal performance of ISXAwas superior than that of ISXunder various of conditions; 2) When the dosage of flocculant was 250mg·L^-1, the removal rate of Ni²⁺ reached 97% and 87% by ISXAand ISX, respectively; 3)The original pHvalue had effect on the removal rate of Ni²⁺; 4) When wastewater containing both heavy metal ions and substance causing turbidity was treated by ISXA, heavy metal ions and substance causing turbidity can promote the removal of each other., the removal rate of Ni²⁺ could reached above 99%, and the removal rate of turbidity improved about 10%; 5)The longer reaction time, the better result of treatment, but after 12min, the result changed stably and slowly.