塑料增塑剂对凡纳滨对虾存活、生长和免疫的影响(Effects of Plastic Plasticizers on Survival, Growth and Immune Factors of Litopenaeus vannamei)

研究了塑料增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)存活、生长和免疫的影响.96h急性毒性实验表明,在助溶剂Tween20的安全浓度范围内,随着DMP、DEP、DBP和DOP水平的升高,凡纳滨对虾存活率呈下降趋势,24h、48h、72h和96h的LC50分别为40.33、35.29、25.48、19.14mg·L-1,30.52、23.45、16.96、15.38mg·L-1,7.51、6.97、6.57、6.06mg·L-1和6.85、5.87、5.01、4.47mg·L-1;DMP、DEP、DBP和DOP对凡纳滨对虾的安全浓度随塑料增塑剂碳链的增加呈下降趋势,分别为8.11、4.15、1.80和1.29mg·L-1.90d慢性毒性实验表明,凡纳滨对虾存活率、特定生长率、血清蛋白含量、血清酚氧化酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性均以对照组和0.0400mg·L-1助溶剂Tween20处理组最高,而且显著高于1/100倍DMP、DEP、DBP和DOP安全浓度处理组(p<0.05).

Effects of Plastic Plasticizers on Survival, Growth and Immune Factors of Litopenaeus vannamei

The experiments were designed to determine the effects of plastic plasticizers on survival,growth and immune factors of Litopenaeus vannamei.The four commonly used plasticizers were dimethyl phthalate(DMP),diethyl phthalate(DEP),di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP)and dioctyl phthalate(DOP).The result of acute toxicity test for 96h indicated that the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei exhibited decreased trend with increasing DMP,DEP,DBP and DOP levels within the safety concentration of co-solvent Tween 20,and LC50 at 24h,48h,72h and 96h were 40.33,35.29,25.48 and 19.14mg·L-1;30.52,23.45,16.96 and 15.38mg·L-1;7.51,6.97,6.57 and 6.06mg·L-1;6.85、5.87,5.01 and 4.47mg· L-1,respectively.The safety concentration of DMP,DEP,DBP and DOP decreased with increasing carbon chain,and were 8.11,4.15,1.80 and 1.29mg·L-1,respectively.The result of chronic toxicity test for 90d indicated that the survival rate,specific growth rate,serum protein content,polyphenol oxidase activity and superoxide dismutase activity were high in the control and 0.0400mg·L-1 co-solvent Tween 20 treatment,which were significantly higher than the treatments of 1/100 safety concentration of DMP,DEP,DBP and DOP.