长江三角洲生态系统的近代演化特征及其生态与环境问题分析

长江三角洲主要生态系统类型包括河流生态系统、河口海岸湿地生态系统、农林生态系统、城市生态系统、湖泊生态系统以及近海海域生态系统，、长江三角洲是人类和自然相互作用的结果．具有明显的生态边缘效应．支持了长江三角洲丰富的动植物区系。文章分析了长江三角洲地区主要生态系统的演化特征及其相互关系：阐述了长江三角洲地区主要生态系统在城市化进程中所面临的生态与环境问题．从系统生态学的角度对长江三角洲地区主要自然生态系统的修复和保护提出了对革。同时分析了流域治理和区域治理的重要性．这对于长江三角洲地区社会和经济的可持续发展具有重要的指导意义。

Modern Evolvement Characteristics of Ecosystems and Analysis of Ecological and Environmental Problems in the Changjiang Delta

In the Changjiang Delta, main ecosystems are composed of river ecosystem, estuary and coastal wetland, farmland and plantation ecosystem,urban ecosystem, lake ecosystem and coastal sea ecosystem. The Changjiang Delta which is interacted by humankind and nature has obvious ecological edge effect and sustains abundant fauna and flora. Evolvement characteristics and relations of the main ecosystems are analyzed, ecological and environmental problems faced by the main ecosystems in the development of cities are clarified, measures of restoration and protection of the natural ecosystems are put forward and importance of valley and area management is analyzed. All these have great magnificence to the sustained development of soeiety and eeonomy in the Changjiang Delta.