含氧氢气钢瓶释放过程危险性分析及处置

针对一起空气误充入氢气钢瓶而导致使用时发生多起爆炸的事故,详细分析了氢氧混合气钢瓶在释放过程中的主要危险性,对释放过程中最可能存在的点火源即静电的产生机理及静电的放电条件进行了详细的论述,应用TNT当量法对可能发生的氢气钢瓶爆炸事故的破坏强度进行了估算。针对爆炸事故的高危险性,制定了以电机作为开阀动力的远距离放空方案,并提出了接地、洒水增湿等预防静电产生的有效措施,综合考虑冲击波超压伤害和人员操作的方便,确定了合理的安全操作距离,为防止爆炸产生的碎片对周围人员、建筑的伤害,在释放场所周围及人员操作场所设置了沙包墙作为防爆掩体。

Risk Analysis of Oxygen-containing Hydrogen Cylinder during Releasing Process and Its Disposal

Referring to a case of explosion accident caused by erroneously refilling air into hydrogen cylinder, the main risk during releasing process of the cylinder containing hydrogen and oxygen mixture is analyzed. The most potential ignition sources including production mechanism of static electricity and conditions of its discharge are described in detail. The destructive intensity of hydrogen cylinder explosion is estimated by TNT equivalent calculation. Considering the high risky of the explosion, a remote releasing method was designed taking electromotor as the opener with effective measures for preventing static electricity such as grounding and water spraying. Rational distance for safe operation is determined after comprehensively taking account of the impact of shockwave and easiness in operation. In order to prevent the personnel injury and building damage from shell fragments produced by explosion, sandbags are piled around the operation place and operators as the explosion-proof bunker.