昆明市老运粮河污染治理的模拟研究

在快速城市化进程中,城市的建设和发展受到黑臭水体问题的挑战.以昆明市老运粮河为例,根据质量守恒原理,构建了昆明市老运粮河污染治理效果模拟系统,通过模拟,计算了老运粮河的入滇污染负荷,以及不同污染治理措施的治理效果,并对模拟系统的不确定性进行了初步分析.结果表明,老运粮河的年入滇总水量为9565.9×10~4t,COD、TN、TP和NH_3-N的年入滇总负荷分别为26250、3232、415.9和2135.5 t;区域内产生的点源污染负荷远大于非点源污染负荷;污水厂处理是去除污染物的主要途径,其中,旱季污水的处理对于全年的污染物削减起到最主要的作用;雨季源头削减措施的应用对雨季污水处理有很大作用;影响模拟结果的不确定性因素很多,分析认为由此带来的风险问题不可忽视.

Simulation of pollution control in Laoyunliang River, Kunming

In the process of rapid urbanization, urban construction and development face the challenges from urban malodorous-black river. A modeling system, based on the principle of conservation of mass, is built up for simulating the effect of pollution control in Laoyunliang River in Kunming. The total pollution load from Laoyunliang River to Dianchi Lake is calculated by simulation, so is the pollution control effect of different control measures. At the meantime, the uncertainty of the modeling system is analyzed as well. Research results show that the annual total water quantity from Laoyunliang River to Dianchi Lake is 95.659 million tons, and the annual total loads of COD, TN, TP and NH₃-N are 26250, 3232, 415.9 and 2135.5 t, respectively. The point source pollution load witnesses a significant rise, compared with the non-point source. The wastewater treatment plant is considered as the most important approach to pollution control, in which wastewater treatment during the dry season plays a main role in the annual pollution load control. Besides, in wet season the application of source reduction measures is proved to have a positive effect on pollution control. Due to the unexpected uncertainties which may affect the simulation, the risk cannot be ignored.