世界中低水平放射性废物处置设施现状及启示

随着核科学的飞速发展和应用，产生了大量的放射性废物，合理、安全的处置各类放射性废物，已成为世界各国刻不容缓的研究课题。各国已建或在建了许多中低水平放射性废物处置设施，这些设施的信息分散在各国的官方报告中。研究分析这些信息将对我国放射性废物的处置具有重要意义。本文通过调研大量资料，总结了世界核反应堆的现状（数据截止到2013年）；介绍了中低水平放射性废物处置发展概况：分析了世界各国中低水平放射性废物处置设施的现状（数据截止到2011年）；并对我国的中低放废物处置提出建议。为我国全面和正确的认识放射性废物处置，有的放矢的制定发展规划和开展相关研究提供了科学依据。

Status of Low and Intermediate Level Waste Disposal Facilities Around the World

With the rapid development and application of nuclear science, large amounts of radioactive waste are produced. It has become a pressing issue that radioactive waste should be disposed off in proper disposal facilities. Some countries already have these facilities and others are planning theirs. Information about disposal facilities around the world is useful and necessary; however, data on this matter are usually scattered in official reports per country. In order to allow an easier access to this information, this paper aims to provide an overview of disposal facilities for low and intermediate level radioactive waste around the world （updated until 2011）. Also, characteristics of the facilities were provided, when possible. The paper also provided a summarized overview of these reactors around the world （updated until 2013）. This data collection may be an important tool for researchers, and other professionals in this field. Also, it might provide an overview about the final disposal of radioactive waste.