长江三角洲地区能源消费大气污染物排放特征

针对长江三角洲(以下简称“长三角”)16个主要地区,基于常规可获取的统计资料确定污染源活动水平,结合最新的污染源调查资料及相关研究成果确定污染物排放因子,以2008年为基准年,研究了能源消费大气污染物排放特征,建立了具有较高时空分辨率、且便于滚动更新的网格化动态排放清单.结果表明:长三角16个地区2008年能源消费过程中SO2、NOx、PM10、PM2.5、CO的排放量分别为3158.58, 3154.96,979.76,632.34,5258.08kt.其中上海、苏州、南京、杭州、无锡和宁波6城市污染物排放总量均占长三角地区排放总量的60%左右.SO2和NOx排放主要集中在工业和火电部门,颗粒物和CO排放则主要集中在工业部门,机动车对于CO也有较大的排放贡献率.火电部门污染排放具有较强的月变化特征;道路机动车排放受居民出行规律影响,具有明显的周变化和日变化特征.

Air pollutant emissions from energy consumptions in the Yangtze River Delta region

An inventory of air pollutant emissions by energy consumptions in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) was developed by using best available domestic emission factors and activity data. Compared with existing work, this inventory had higher temporal and spatial resolutions and could be easily updated based on the latest published statistics. Results show that the emissions of SO2, NOx, PM10, PM2.5, and CO in the 16 cities of the YRD region for the year 2008 were 3158.58, 3154.96, 979.76, 632.34, 5258.08kt, respectively. Emissions from Shanghai, Suzhou, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuxi and Ningbo accounted for about 60% of the total, for each of the five pollutants. The power plants and industrial sources were major contributors to SO2 and NOx emissions. While the industrial sources accounted for a major part of PM10, PM2.5 and CO emissions, percentages of CO emissions from mobile sources were relatively high. Temporal profiles were established for the power plants and on-road mobile sources.