沈阳市PM2.5污染组分特征及其来源解析

为了解沈阳市空气细颗粒物的污染特征及主要来源，于2015年2月、5月、8月和10月在沈阳市采集PM_2.5样品，对PM_2.5质量浓度及其化学组分（无机元素、含碳组分和水溶性离子）进行测定.结果显示，采样期间沈阳市PM_2.5平均质量浓度为69 μg/m³，是《环境空气质量标准》（GB 3095-2012）年均二级标准限值（35 μg/m³）的2.0.水溶性离子在PM_2.5中的含量最高，其次为碳组分、无机元素.富集因子结果表明：沈阳市富集因子值最高的元素来自于燃煤、交通污染、工业排放等污染源.正交矩阵因子分析（PMF）结果表明：PM_2.5结果中燃煤源、二次源、工业源、扬尘源和交通源的贡献比分别为33.4%、27.2%、16.7%、11.5%、11.2%.

Characteristics of PM2.5 pollution components and their sources in Shenyang

To understand the pollution characteristics and major sources of fine particulate matterin Shenyang city, PM_2.5 samples were collected at Shenyang in February, May, August and October in 2015. The mass concentration and component composition of PM_2.5 (inorganic elements, carbonaceous species and water-soluble ions) were analyzed. The results showed that the average mass concentration of PM_2.5 was 69μg/m³ during the sampling period, which was 1.97 times higher than the standardary limit (35μg/m³) regulated by of Chinese Ambient air quality standards (GB 3095~2012). For instance, the content of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 was the highest, followed by carbon fractions and inorganic elements. The enrichment factor (EF) results showed that the highest EF value elements came from coal burning, traffic pollution and industrial emission. The Positive Matrix Factor (PMF) model showed that the contribution ratios of coal combustion, secondary aerosol, industrial emissions, fugitivedust and traffic emissions in PM_2.5 were 33.37%、27.27%、16.68%、11.49% and 11.19%.