有机碳含量对多环芳烃在土壤剖面残留及迁移的影响

为了揭示有机碳含量(TOC)对多环芳烃(PAHs)在土壤剖面中迁移的影响,本文分析了北京地区部分典型的环境功能区(包括自然保护区、耕地、果园、农田、城区及工业区等)土壤剖面中多环芳烃和TOC的纵向分布特征,结合多环芳烃化合物的土柱淋滤实验,讨论了多环芳烃在土壤剖面上的纵向迁移特征.结果表明,不同环境功能区土壤剖面的土壤中多环芳烃的含量存在差异,且与TOC之间存在较强的正相关关系;土柱淋滤实验结果进一步证实,尽管具有不同TOC的土壤剖面中多环芳烃均可能向深层迁移,但TOC对土壤剖面中多环芳烃的残留及纵向迁移能力具有重要的影响,TOC越高,多环芳烃富集量越大,向下迁移量相对减少,反之相反;在TOC相同的情况下,多环芳烃的组成或结构特征对其在土壤剖面中的残留与迁移特征有明显的影响,淋滤水量、淋滤时间和添加PAHs量等对其在土壤剖面中的迁移作用也有一定影响.

Effects of Organic Carbon Content on the Residue and Migration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Profiles

The effects of total organic carbon content (TOC) on the migration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil were investigated. This study analyzed the vertical properties of the concentrations and distributions of PAHs and TOC at various soil profiles from functionally different environmental regions including nature reserves, ploughs, orchards, farmlands, metropolitan areas, and industrial parks. The vertical migration properties of PAHs in soils were examined by conducting leaching experiments in soil columns. The concentrations of PAHs varied from region to region and showed strong, positive correlations with TOC in the same region. Furthermore, based on the leaching experiments, the transport abilities of PAHs were significantly influenced by TOC, although they could all be transported to the deep layers by TOC in soil columns. The downward migration of PAHs decreased with the increase in TOC and vice versa. The properties of the composition and structure of PAHs also had an obvious influence on their residues and migration in soil profiles at the same TOC conditions. In addition, the transport of PAHs was related to the amount of leaching water, the leaching time, and the additional PAHs.