中国矿山环境治理恢复保证金制度

由于中国当前的矿山环境保护政策尚不能从根本上解决矿山环境的主要问题,作为责任主体的矿山企业不能积极主动实施矿山环境治理与恢复。矿山环境治理恢复保证金是为了保证采矿权人履行矿山环境治理恢复义务而缴纳的资金。建立矿山环境治理恢复保证金制度就是为了贯彻"谁污染、谁治理;谁破坏,谁恢复"的环保原则,促进采矿权人在采矿过程中保护矿山环境,并确保在闭坑、停办、关闭后受破坏的矿山生态环境得到治理恢复的一项特别的经济手段和措施。实施保证金制度可以更好地促进矿产资源开发的外部成本内部化,是矿山环境保护必要且有效的形式。

Deposit System of Mining Environment Restoration in China

Current Chinese environmental policies can not solve the main problems of mining environment fundamentally. The mining companies, main subjects of the responsibility, lack the initiatives to protect and restore the environment. Deposit of Min- ing Environment Restoration is a fund to ensure the mining companies to perform their obligations of implementing environmental protection and restoration. It is a special economic means. The intention of establishing the deposit system is to promote the min- ing companies to protect environment during mining, and restore the ecological environment when the mine is closed. Implementa- tion of this system will internalize the external costs of mineral resources exploitation. It is an effective and necessary form to pro- tect the mining environment.