土壤中施用生物炭对番茄根系特征及产量的影响

采用室内盆栽试验定量分析方法,在砂壤土中掺加4种不同比例的生物炭（10、20、40、60 g·kg-1）,研究了生物炭对砂壤土毛管持水量、番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum）不同生育期的生长性状及收获时根系特征和产量的影响。通过根系扫描仪和分析软件重点研究了砂壤土中掺入不同含量生物炭对番茄各根系参数的影响。结果表明：随着生物炭施入量的增加,土壤毛管持水量增大,各处理均高于对照,与对照相比平均增加1.46倍。施加生物炭促进了番茄根系的发育和产量的提高,每千克干土加40 g生物炭处理的主根长、主根直径、总根系鲜质量和产量分别是对照的1.20、1.24、1.21和2.67倍。每千克干土加20 g生物炭处理的总根表面积、总根体积和总根系密度分别是对照的1.15、1.17和1.80倍。主根直径与产量相关性最高,相关系数为0.845。生物炭对番茄根系形态特征的优化与产量的提高具有一定的促进作用。

Effect of biochar on root distribution and yield of tomato in sandy loam soil

According to the pot experiment and by quantitative analysis, effects of biochar with different treatments （10, 20, 40 and 60 g biochar per kilogram of dry soil） on capillary capacity of sandy loam soil, growth traits, root distribution and yield of tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum） were investigated.Various parameters on the root mainly been studied after using biochar through the root system scanner and analysis software. Results showed that biochar application in soil could increase capillary capacity and was 1.46 times higher than the control. Biochar plays a very important role in promoting root development and improve yield. Main root length and diameter, total root fresh weight and yield of the treatment with 40 g biochar per kilogram of dry soil respectively were 1.20, 1.24, 1.21 and 2.67 times higher than the control. Surface area, volume and density of total root of the treatment with 20 g biochar per kilogram of dry soil respectively were 1.15, 1.17 and 1.80 times higher than the control. Main root diameter and yield had a high correlation, and the correlation coefficient was 0.845. The applied biochar is a good measure to optimize the morphological character of roots and increase yield of tomato.