城市再生水生产工艺中典型紫外防晒剂的去除

随着紫外防晒剂在个人护理用品中的大量使用,其环境及健康风险效应开始得到人们的关注.采用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(SPE-GC-MS)技术对天津某再生水厂不同处理单元中4种典型紫外防晒剂4-甲氧基肉桂酸-2-乙基己基酯(ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate,EHMC),羟苯甲酮(benzophenone-3,BP-3),3-(4-甲苯基亚甲基)-d-1-樟脑(4-methylbenzylidene,4-MBC),2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙酸-(2-乙基)己基酸(octocylene,OC)的分布及去除情况进行了检测.结果表明,污水处理厂二级出水中4种目标化合物的浓度范围在34ng·L-1￣2128ng·L-1之间;4种物质在夏秋季(7月和9月)的浓度普遍高于冬季(2月).污水处理厂二级出水中的这4种紫外防晒剂在经过混凝-絮凝处理、连续膜过滤和臭氧氧化处理后出水中的浓度呈下降趋势,总去除率为28.3%￣43.1%,其中臭氧氧化阶段对目标物的去除率最大(16%￣29%),而连续膜过滤阶段去除率最小(3.6%￣8.5%),混凝-絮凝阶段去除率介于2者之间(8%￣21%).由此可见,紫外防晒剂在再生水处理过程中并未得到完全去除,因此再生水的使用需经周密规划,以免对人体健康和生态环境造成威胁.

The Removal of Typical UV Filters in Urban Wastewater Reclamation Plant

Recently, there is increasing public concern about the secondary effects of personal care products, as ingredients of these products may enter the aquatic environment and reach detectable and potentially harmful concentrations. In this paper, concentrations of four typical UV filters including ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate(EHMC),benzophenone-3(BP-3),4-methylben-zoylmethane(4-MBC),octocrylene(OC)were examined in each treatment process of the wastewater reclamation plant(WWRP)located in Tianjin. The solid phase extraction(SPE),gas chromatographic(GC),and mass spectrometric analyses(MS)were used for the separation and determination of UV filters. All four UV filters were detected in the influent during the three sampling campaigns(February, July and September),and the concentrations ranged from 34ng·L-1 to 2128ng·L-1. The concentrations of the four UV filters are higher in July and September than that in February. The removal efficiencies ranged from 8% to 21% for the selected UV filters during coagulation-flocculation treatment. The ozonation treatment achieved the maximum removal(16%~29%),on the contrary, the continuous microfiltration(CMF)achieved the minimal removal(3.6%~8.5%). The total removal efficiencies varied from 28.3% to 43.1%. These results indicated that the UV filters were not completely removed during WWRP treatment and may be carried over into the aquatic environment. Reclaimed water must be carefully planned and regulated to prevent adverse health effects and ensure safe water reuse.