环境损害赔偿之关键前提:因果关系判定

近年来,随着经济的快速发展,我国环境污染事故频繁发生,随之引发的环境损害问题越发严重。然而由于技术的局限性,大多数损害得不到赔偿。因果关系判定,作为环境损害赔偿的关键前提,正是我国面对环境污染事故频发而亟待解决的问题。本文首先基于环境损害的因果链条,以科学严谨的角度,构建了一套适合我国且具有可操作性的环境损害因果关系判定程序;而后,为了避免由于环境系统的复杂性而导致该程序无法顺利进行的情况发生,本文对国外先进的因果关系判定原则进行了分析,并以此建立了判定程序和判定原则相结合的因果关系判定体系,该体系旨在帮助遇到"瓶颈"的判定程序能够按照体系中的判定原则以一种"迂回"的方式继续进行。本文所构建因果关系判定体系,在保证科学严谨性的同时,兼顾了实用性和时效性,避免了因果关系判定这一关键环节陷入无休止的考证和证明之中,对环境损害赔偿体系的建立具有重要的理论意义与技术支持作用。

Key to Environmental Damage: Causality Judgment

In recent years,along with the rapid economic development,pollution accidents occur frequently in China,which gives rise to a serious problem: environmental damage.However,most of the damage cannot be compensated due to technical limitations.Causality judgment as the key precondition to compensation is the most urgent problem which needs to be solved in China.Firstly,this paper develops a feasible causality judgment procedure which is suitable for our country basd on the analyses of the causality chain of environmental damage.Further,in order to avoid the situation that procedure cannot be well implemented due to the complexity of environment,this paper analyses the advanced causality judgment principles applied in Western countries,then accordingly establishes a causality judgment system integrating procedure with principles,which helps the procedure go well in a detour way and ensures that the damage can be compensated in time.By balancing the reliability and practicability,the system prevents causality judgment from engaging in an endless loop of judicial certification.In conclusion,this paper provides a new valuable academic perspective and gives a technical support for establishing environmental damage compensation system in China.