天然沸石在环境污染治理中的应用进展

在简要介绍天然沸石性能的基础上,着重综述了国内外天然沸石在大气污染治理、水污染治理、除臭抗菌和饮用水降氟软化等方面的最新研究和应用进展,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

The impact of environmental regulation on environmental pollution in China: an empirical study based on the synergistic effect of industrial agglomeration

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In recent years, as environmental degradation has become more and more serious, the Chinese government has formulated a series of environmental...     

Evaluation of environmental impact produced by different economic activities with the global pollution index

Introduction

The paper analyses the environment pollution state in different case studies of economic activities (i.e. co-generation electric and thermal power production, iron profile manufacturing, cement processing, waste landfilling, and wood furniture manufacturing), evaluating mainly the environmental cumulative impacts (e.g. cumulative impact against the health of the environment and different life forms).

Materials and methods

The status of the environment (air, water resources, soil, and noise) is analysed with respect to discharges such as gaseous discharges in the air, final effluents discharged in natural receiving basins or sewerage system, and discharges onto the soil together with the principal pollutants expressed by different environmental indicators corresponding to each specific productive activity. The alternative methodology of global pollution index (I _GP ^* ) for quantification of environmental impacts is applied.

Results and discussion

Environmental data analysis permits the identification of potential impact, prediction of significant impact, and evaluation of cumulative impact on a commensurate scale by evaluation scores (ES_i) for discharge quality, and global effect to the environment pollution state by calculation of the global pollution index (I _GP ^* ).

Conclusions

The I _GP ^* values for each productive unit (i.e. 1.664?C2.414) correspond to an ??environment modified by industrial/economic activity within admissible limits, having potential of generating discomfort effects??. The evaluation results are significant in view of future development of each productive unit and sustain the economic production in terms of environment protection with respect to a preventive environment protection scheme and continuous measures of pollution control.     

An overview of environmental pollution prevention and management in China

This paper provides a broad overview of pollution prevention and management in China and details the specific measures that have been adopted at a national level. The paper begins by exploring some of the key environmental issues faced by China, and the history of environmental management in China. Then the current environmental legislation and standards in China are detailed, and the strategic pollution prevention measures that have been adopted are described. Next, the paper examines the environmental economic instruments and ethos that China appears to have adopted, and concludes by drawing a comparison with the development of pollution prevention in the western world and proposes a broad research agenda.     

Total and partial digestion of sediments for the evaluation of trace element environmental pollution

Four different sample treatment methods for the determination of trace elements have been compared: a total digestion with HNO3-H2O2-HF using microwave, and three different standardized methods of fractionation: BCR three-steps sequential extraction, USEPA standard 3050B and ISO standard 11466. The four treatment methods were applied to the determination of Cu and Ni in four samples collected in different areas of Cienfuegos Bay (Cuba). The location of samples and the analytes were selected on the basis of results obtained by previous studies. Analyses following total digestion and BCR three-steps procedure were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy whereas analyses following EPA and ISO procedures were performed by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results obtained have been compared with an estimated anthropic fraction evaluated in each sampling point as the difference between the total concentration and an estimated background concentration level. The BCR three-steps provided the best approximation of the estimated anthropic fraction and was therefore applied also in the determination of Pb and Cd for further consideration.     

An evaluation of public health impact of ambient air pollution under various energy scenarios in Shanghai,China

To investigate the potential public health impact of ambient air pollution under various energy scenarios in Shanghai, we estimated the air pollution exposure level of the general population under various planned energy scenarios, and assessed the potential public health impact using the concentration–response functions derived from available epidemiologic studies. The results show that ambient air pollution in relation to various energy scenarios could have significant impact on the health status of Shanghai residents. Compared with base case scenario, implementation of various energy scenarios could prevent 608–5144 and 1189–10,462 PM₁₀-related avoidable deaths (mid-value) in 2010 and 2020, respectively; and it could also decrease substantial cases of relevant diseases. These findings illustrate that an effective energy and environmental policy will play an active role in reduction of air pollutant emissions, improvement of air quality, and public health.     

An investigation of the environmental impact of an artificial thermal plume

Experimental analysis of the mean and turbulent structures of artificial thermal plumes rising in the boundary layer up into the capping stable layers is reported. Scaling parameters are used to compare the structural aspects obtained from ten experimental cases. Vertical profiles of the mean excesses (temperature and vertical velocity) and of the dissipative parameters (dissipation rate and temperature structure parameter) within the plume are given. The estimates of dissipation rate and of the horizontal width of the column are used to predict the variation of the vertical eddy diffusivity coefficient from the heat source to the top level of the plume.     

环境激素污染研究进展

综述了国内外环境激素的研究进展．介绍了环境激素的特性、种类,重点阐述了环境激素的毒害途径和作用机理;指出环境激素物质的鉴定、激素物质环境容量的确定以及在环境中激素迁移、转化、积累等问题。从环境激素对人类的健康,尤其是对生殖健康的危害,提出了防治环境激素污染的措施。     

An economic evaluation and assessment of environmental impact of the municipal solid waste management system for Taichung City in Taiwan

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is an important environmental challenge and subject in urban planning. For sustainable MSWM strategies, the critical management factors to be considered include not only economic efficiency of MSW treatment but also life-cycle assessment of the environmental impact. This paper employed linear programming technique to establish optimal MSWM strategies considering economic efficiency and the air pollutant emissions during the life cycle of a MSWM system, and investigated the correlations between the economical optimization and pollutant emissions. A case study based on real-world MSW operating parameters in Taichung City is also presented. The results showed that the costs, benefits, streams of MSW, and throughputs of incinerators and landfills will be affected if pollution emission reductions are implemented in the MSWM strategies. In addition, the quantity of particulate matter is the best pollutant indicator for the MSWM system performance of emission reduction. In particular this model will assist the decision maker in drawing up a friendly MSWM strategy for Taichung City in Taiwan. Implications: Recently, life-cycle assessments of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) strategies have been given more considerations. However, what seems to be lacking is the consideration of economic factors and environmental impacts simultaneously. This work analyzed real-world data to establish optimal MSWM strategies considering economic efficiency and the air pollutant emissions during the life cycle of the MSWM system. The results indicated that the consideration of environmental impacts will affect the costs, benefits, streams of MSW, and throughputs of incinerators and landfills. This work is relevant to public discussion and may establish useful guidelines for the MSWM policies.     

An economic evaluation and assessment of environmental impact of the municipal solid waste management system for Taichung City in Taiwan

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is an important environmental challenge and subject in urban planning. For sustainable MSWM strategies, the critical management factors to be considered include not only economic efficiency of MSW treatment but also life-cycle assessment of the environmental impact. This paper employed linear programming technique to establish optimal MSWM strategies considering economic efficiency and the air pollutant emissions during the life cycle of a MSWM system, and investigated the correlations between the economical optimization and pollutant emissions. A case study based on real-world MSW operating parameters in Taichung City is also presented. The results showed that the costs, benefits, streams of MSW, and throughputs of incinerators and landfills will be affected if pollution emission reductions are implemented in the MSWM strategies. In addition, the quantity of particulate matter is the best pollutant indicator for the MSWM system performance of emission reduction. In particular, this model will assist the decision maker in drawing up a friendly MSWM strategy for Taichung City in Taiwan.

Implications: Recently, life-cycle assessments of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) strategies have been given more considerations. However, what seems to be lacking is the consideration of economic factors and environmental impacts simultaneously. This work analyzed real-world data to establish optimal MSWM strategies considering economic efficiency and the air pollutant emissions during the life cycle of the MSWM system. The results indicated that the consideration of environmental impacts will affect the costs, benefits, streams of MSW, and throughputs of incinerators and landfills. This work is relevant to public discussion and may establish useful guidelines for the MSWM policies.     

A multi-criteria GIS-based model for wind farm site selection with the least impact on environmental pollution using the OWA-ANP method

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Wind energy is considered one of the most efficient and cost-effective ways to generate electricity, since it has a low environmental impact. So, it...     

Assessment of air pollution impact

Several essential steps of air quality assessment are described, including identification, prediction, and evaluation of critical variables and potential changes of air quality. A coal-reconversion power plant in New York was selected as an example to illustrate the assessment.     

An atmospheric stability index based on radon progeny measurements for the evaluation of primary urban pollution

An atmospheric stability index for the evaluation of urban primary pollution, based on the elaboration of natural radioactivity data yielded by a stability monitor, has been developed. The instrument determines the atmospheric concentration of the short-lived decay products of radon, whose emanation rate can be assumed to be constant in the time and space scale of observation. The index gives information about the dilution properties of the lower boundary layer and allows to highlight the relevant role of the dilution factor in determining primary pollution events.The atmospheric stability indices have been calculated during a 1-yr study carried out in the urban area of Rome (October 1999–September 2000). On the basis of the index, every day of the period has been classified in terms of intensity of a potential primary pollution event. The comparison between this classification and the real concentration value of primary pollutants, measured in the background urban station of Rome, yielded very good results. This shows that the index constitutes a powerful and valuable tool for describing primary pollution events in urban areas and confirms that the role played by the mixing properties of the lower boundary layer is essential in determining primary pollution in urban areas.     

Continuing pollution from the Rum Jungle U-Cu project: A critical evaluation of environmental monitoring and rehabilitation

The former Rum Jungle uranium-copper project, Australia, is an internationally important case study on environmental pollution from and rehabilitation of mining. The Rum Jungle mining project is briefly reviewed, followed by a critical evaluation of monitoring data and pollution loads prior to and after rehabilitation - leading to the conclusion that rehabilitation has clearly failed the test of time after just two decades. The most critical findings are the need to understand pollution cycles holistically, and designing monitoring regimes to match, explicit inclusion of radiological criteria (lacking in original planning), and finally the need to set targets based on environmental criteria. Two examples include polluted groundwater which was excluded from rehabilitation and the poor design, construction and/or performance of engineered soil covers - both leading to increasing acid drainage impacts on the Finniss River. The critical review therefore presents a valuable case study of the environmental performance of uranium mine site rehabilitation.     

Encyclopedia of environmental pollution and cleanup

Books

Encyclopedia of environmental pollution and cleanup     

Encyclopedia of environmental pollution and cleanup

Books

The age of the molecule     

规划环境影响评价探讨

以《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》为依据 ,对实施规划环境影响评价的意义进行了分析 ,并提出了规划环境影响评价应遵循的原则、方法和基本程序     

An overview of the environmental pollution and health effects associated with waste landfilling and open dumping

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Landfilling is one of the most common waste management methods employed in all countries alike, irrespective of their developmental status. The most...