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491.
He Zhiyong Chu Zhujie Zhao Mengyang Zhuang Jun Liu Feiren 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(2):1073-1084
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Massive urbanization and rapid development of urban economy have increased the generation of municipal solid waste in China. Like all developing... 相似文献
492.
Urban grasslands not only provide a recreational venue for urban residents, but also sequester organic carbon in vegetation and soils through photosynthesis, and release carbon dioxide through respiration, which largely contribute to carbon storage and fluxes at regional and global scales. We investigated organic carbon and nitrogen pools in subtropical turfs and found that dissolved organic carbon(DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)were regulated by several factors including microbial activity which is indicated by soil enzymatic activity. We observed a vertical variation and different temporal patterns in both soil DOC, DON and enzyme activities, which decreased significantly with increasing soil depths. We further found that concentration of soil DON was linked with turf age. There were correlations between grass biomass and soil properties, and soil enzyme activities. In particular, soil bulk density was significantly correlated with soil moisture and soil organic carbon(SOC). In addition, DOC correlated significantly with DON. Significant negative correlations were also observed between soil total dissolved nitrogen(TDN) and grass biomass of Axonopus compressus and Zoysia matrella. Specifically, grass biomass was significantly correlated with the soil activity of urease and β-glucosidase. Soil NO3-N concentration also showed negative correlations with the activity of both β-glucosidase and protease but there were no significant correlations between cellulase and soil properties or grass biomass. Our study demonstrated a relationship between soil C and N dynamics and soil enzymes that could be modulated to enhance SOC pools through management and maintenance practices. 相似文献
493.
为保护环境,将联合站大罐及分水器等清出的油砂进行处理是十分必要的.介绍了射流洗砂装置的组成、工作原理及应用情况.该装置的应用,对油砂中的污油回收及环境保护具有十分重要的意义. 相似文献
494.
上海崇明岛蔬菜地土壤重金属含量与生态风险预警评估 总被引:38,自引:3,他引:38
崇明3城镇蔬菜地土壤重金属的总体含量为Cu 29.2 mg·kg-1、Pb 26.5 mg·kg-1、Cr 79.4 mg·kg-1、Zn 91.2 mg·kg-1和Cd 0.222 mg·kg-1.除Cd在城桥镇和陈家镇超过国家土壤一级标准(GB 15618-1995)外,其余均低于国家土壤一级标准,并且满足国家对绿色食品产地土壤重金属含量的要求(NY/T391-2000).与上海土壤背景值相比,Cu、Pb、Cr、Zn和Cd分别高出上海土壤背景值 24.3%、24.4%、22.9%、18.8%和65.7%.崇明3城镇蔬菜地土壤重金属生态风险预警评估得出,23个采样点中有3个样点属于中警,10个样点属于轻警,8个样点属于预警,1个样点属于无警,综合评估IER=1.562,为轻警.3城镇生态风险排序为堡镇(IER=1.799)>城桥镇(IER=1.636)>陈家镇(IER=1.368),均属于轻警. 相似文献
495.
496.
环境执法是将环境法规中抽象的权利义务变成环境法中具体的权利义务的过程.环境执法是中国环境法制建设的一个重要组成部分.相关国家环保行政职能部门在行使行政权力时,享有很大的自由裁量权,他们能否合法有效地行使好行政权力,直接关系到国家的环保事业和发展.针对当前中国环境执法的现状及环境依法行政的重要意义,以期为政府制定相关环境执法政策、措施提供科学的决策依据和建议,提出了几点环境依法执法的构思:建立系统的、严谨的环境执法理论,树立崭新的执法理念,运用崭新的执法方式,严格依据法定程序办事,健全依法行政责任制和监督机制,推行政务公开,创建公正有效的执法环境. 相似文献
497.
498.
Tianzeng Chen Yongchun Liu Biwu Chu Changgeng Liu Jun Liu Yanli Ge Qingxin M Jinzhu M Hong He 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(5):256-263
Current atmospheric quality models usually underestimate the level of ambient secondary organic aerosol(SOA), one of the possible reasons is that the precursors at different concentrations may undergo different oxidation processes and further affect SOA formation. Therefore, there is a need to perform more chamber studies to disclose the influence. In this work, SOA formation over a wide range of initial precursor concentrations(tens of ppb to hundreds of ppb levels) was investigated in a 30 m3 indoor smog chamber,and mainly through the analysis of multiple generations of VOCs detected from HR-To FPTRMS to expound the difference in the oxidation process between low and high precursor concentrations. Compared to high initial concentrations, gas-phase intermediates formed at low concentrations had a higher intensity by about one order of magnitude, and the lowvolatility compounds also had a higher formation potential due to the competition between semi-volatile intermediates and precursors with oxidants. In addition, the formed SOA was more oxidized with higher f44 value(0.14 ± 0.02) and more relevant to real atmosphere than that formed at high concentrations. This work should help to deeply understand SOA formation and improve the performance of air quality models for SOA simulation. 相似文献
499.
初炜 《安全.健康和环境》2005,5(9):32-33
针对孤东采油厂集输联合站管道腐蚀十分严重、穿孔比较频繁的现状,分析了腐蚀产生的原因,采取了加强管道防护保温、强制阴极保护法等措施,防止了联合站管道的腐蚀. 相似文献
500.
根据上海市新一轮“环境保护和建设三年行动计划”(2006-2008年)提出的未来3年全市将有11家电厂的35台共约650.8万kW燃煤发电机组实施烟气脱硫的目标,结合上海市实际,建立相关假定条件,并考虑SO2减排的作用及脱硫产物的利用等方面因素,从经济、环境等角度对上海市650.8万kw燃煤发电机组实施湿法烟气脱硫的成本、效益进行了综合分析。结果显示,燃煤电厂烟气脱硫的固定资产投资和运行费用均较大,而脱硫产生的直接经济效益相对较小,其效益更多地体现在无法直接以货币形式衡量的环境效益、社会效益上。 相似文献