低碳理念在工业园区规划环评中的应用低碳理念在工业园区规划环评中的应用

工业园区是温室气体排放的重要源头之一,工业园区规划环评应在规划的基础上,探讨如何在评价过程中通过制定合理的对策措施,促进园区低碳发展。本文分析了低碳发展理念纳入工业园区规划环评的工作重点,建议规划环评完善评价内容,在原有评价体系中融入园区温室气体排放特征、设定低碳发展评价指标、优化设计能源结构、构建低碳产业体系、低碳发展替代方案以及碳排放跟踪评价等内容,以达到规划环评指导工业园区按低碳路径发展的目的。     

Medium optimization for the production of anti-cyanobacterial substances by Streptomyces sp. HJC-D1 using response surface methodology

Bioremediation using isolated anti-cyanobacterial microorganism has been widely applied in harmful algal blooms (HABs) control. In order to improve the secretion of activated anti-cyanobacterial substances, and lower the cost, a sequential optimization of the culture medium based on statistical design was employed for enhancing the anti-cyanobacterial substances production and chlorophyll a (Chl a) removal by Streptomyces sp. HJC-D1 in the paper. Sucrose and KNO₃ were selected as the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources based on the one-at-a-time strategy method, and sucrose, KNO₃ and initial pH were found as major factors that affected the anti-cyanobacterial ability of the isolated stain via the Plackett–Burman design. Based on the response surface and canonical analysis, the optimum condition of culture medium was obtained at 22.73 g l^-1 of sucrose, 0.96 g l^-1 of KNO₃, and initial pH 8.82, and the Chl a removal efficiency by strain HJC-D1 increased from 63?±?2 % to 78?±?2 % on the optimum conditions.     

Manganese concentrations in maternal–infant blood and birth weight

Manganese (Mn) is an essential mineral nutrient in mammals. The physiological role of Mn in animal models is well documented, but little is known about the adverse effects of Mn deficiency or overexposure in humans, including pregnancy outcomes such as birth weight. We examined the relationship of the maternal and cord blood Mn levels with birth weight in a cohort of 172 mother–infant pairs born in Shanghai, China. Non-linear spline and quadratic regression models were used to test the hypothesis of an inverted U-shaped association between the Mn levels and birth weight. The median (range) levels of Mn in the maternal and cord blood were 5.38 (2.34–30.37) μg/dL and 7.66 (2.57–34.23) μg/dL, respectively. An inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between maternal Mn and birth weight after adjusting for potential confounders. The birth weight increased with Mn levels up to 4.18 μg/dL, and a slight reduction in weight was observed at higher levels. The cord blood Mn levels were not found to be associated with birth weight. Both lower and higher Mn exposures are associated with lower birth weight, which may influence important developmental parameters; the association of higher Mn levels with lower weight was weak and imprecise.     

凹凸棒土的氨氮吸附性能研究

在以氨氮去除率为指标,在振荡时间60 min,振荡温度25℃,振荡速度140r/min的条件下发现凹凸棒土的最佳投加量2.5 g;添加凹凸棒土可以加强SBR生物系统去除氨氮的能力;拟合凹凸棒土吸附氨氮的等温线方程符合Freundlich吸附模型.     

不同营养水平下悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥性质的影响

循环水系统中的微生物有悬浮态和附着态,悬浮细菌的存在对附着态生物粘泥的生长及特性有明显影响。通过向模拟循环冷却水系统中投加不同数量初始悬浮细菌,考察在营养水平不同的情况下,悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥化学组成和脱氢酶活性的影响。结果表明,营养水平不同,初始悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥的化学组成和脱氢酶活性的影响程度不同;在不同营养水平下,应分别控制初始悬浮细菌数量。贫营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在6×105个/mL左右;中营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在1×105～2.6×105个/mL之间;富营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在0.11×105～2.6×105个/mL之间最不利于生物粘泥的生长。     

Study on the denitrification performance of FexLayOz/activated coke for NH3-SCR and the effect of CO escaped from activated coke at mid-high temperature on catalytic activity

Currently, activated coke is widely used in the removal of multiple pollutants from industrial flue gas. In this paper, a series of novel Fe_xLa_yO_z/AC catalysts was prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation for NH₃-SCR denitrification reaction. The introduction of Fe-La bimetal oxides significantly improved the denitrification performance of activated coke at mid-high temperature, and 4% Fe_0.3La_0.7O_1.5/AC exhibited a superior NO_x conversion efficiency of 90.1% at 400 °C. The catalysts were further characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, Raman, EPR, XPS, FTIR, NH₃-TPD, H₂-TPR, et al., whose results showed that the perovskite-type oxide of LaFeO₃ and oxygen vacancies were produced on the catalysts’ surfaces during roasting. Fe-La doping enhanced the amount of acid sites (mainly Lewis and other stronger acid sites) and the content of multifarious oxygen species, which were beneficial for NO_x removal at mid-high temperature. Moreover, it was investigated that the effect of released CO from activated coke at mid-high temperature on the NO_x removal through the lifetime test, in which it was found that a large amount of CO produced by pyrolysis of activated coke could promote the NO_x removal, and long-term escaping of CO on the activated coke carrier did not have a significant negative impact on catalytic performance. The results of the TG-IR test showed that volatile matter is released from the activated coke while TG results showed that the weight loss rate of 4% Fe_0.3La_0.7O_1.5/AC only was 0.0015~0.007%/min at 300–400 °C. Hence, 4% Fe_0.3La_0.7O_1.5/AC had excellent thermal stability and denitrification performance to be continuously used at mid-high temperature. Finally, the mechanisms were proposed on the basis of experiments and characterization results.

     

The associations of air pollution exposure during pregnancy with fetal growth and anthropometric measurements at birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fetal growth has been demonstrated to be an important predictor of perinatal and postnatal health. Although the effects of maternal exposure to air...     

月圆之时话中秋

在中国的农历里,一年分为四季,每季又分为孟、仲、季三个部分．因而中秋也称仲秋。因8月15日月球距地球最近,月亮看起来最大最圆最亮。所以又叫做月夕、秋节、仲秋节、八月节、八月会、追月节、玩月节、拜月节、女儿节或团圆节,     

Profile of Methane Concentrations in Soil and Atmosphere in Alpine Steppe Ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau

The methane concentration profile from -1.5m depth in soil to 32m height in air was measured in alpine steppe located in the permafrost area. Methane concentrations showed widely variations both in air and in soil during the study period. The mean concentrations in atmosphere were all higher than those in soil, and the highest methane concentration was found in air at the height of 16m with the lowest concentration occurring at the depth of 1.5m in soil. The variations of atmospheric methane concentrations did not show any clear pattern both temporally and spatially, although they exhibited a more steadystable state than those in soil. During the seasonal variations, the methane concentrations at different depths in soil were significantly correlated （R^2〉0.6） with each other comparing to the weak correlations （R^2〈0.2） between the atmospheric concentra- tions at different heights. Mean methane concentrations in soil significantly decreased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the decreasing production rates and the increasing methane oxidation rates, which was caused by the descent soil moisture with depth. Although the methane concentrations at all depths varied widely during the growing season, they showed very distinct temporal variations in the non-growing season. It was indicated from the literatures that methane oxidation rates were positively correlated with soil temperature. The higher methane concentrations in soil during the winter were determined by the lower methane oxidation rates with decreasing soil temperatures, whereas methane production rates had no reaction to the lower temperature. Relations between methane contribution and other environmental factors were not discussed in this paper for lacking of data, which impulse us to carry out further and more detailed studies in this unique area.     

论当代大学生的信息素养教育

国民信息素养的高低已成为一个国家在全球竞争中获得优势地位的关键,信息素养教育在全世界范围内备受重视。本文以信息素养为出发点,以当今高校对在校大学生信息素养培训的新要求为依据,通过信息的选择、检索、利用,个人创新和文化素养等五个方面的教育,论述了如何培养高校学生信息素养,使学生养成终身学习的习惯。