What are the disease burden and its sensitivity analysis of workers exposing to Staphylococcus aureus bioaerosol during warm and cold periods in a wastewater treatment plant?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biological treatment in wastewater treatment plants releases high amounts of pathogenic bioaerosols. Quantitative microbial risk assessment is a...     

复合沸石动态膜系统的脱氨效能及其对沸石的同步回收

为同步实现吸附脱氨和微尺寸沸石回收,将沸石与动态膜技术耦合联用,构建了一种复合沸石-动态膜系统,并考察其脱氨和沸石回收效果。在初始氨氮质量浓度为10 mg·L⁻¹条件下,投加10 g·L⁻¹沸石可有效实现氨氮的去除,去除率为67%。吸附动力学和等温模型分析结果表明,该过程符合准二级动力学模型,Langmuir吸附等温模型拟合得到的最大氨氮吸附量为4.12 mg·g ⁻¹。按照1:1的质量比投加沸石与硅藻土,在投加量均为1 g·L⁻¹,流量为40 mL·min⁻¹,支撑膜孔径38 μm下可快速形成动态膜,出水浊度稳定在1 NTU以下,氨氮去除率可达到56%,在脱氨的同时能够实现沸石的有效回收。该研究结果可为复合沸石动态膜系统同步吸附脱氨和吸附材料回收提供参考。     

基于藻细胞形态和光合特征的水源地藻类种群时空分布机制及预警防控

为明晰藻细胞最基本属性细胞形态在藻种时空分布与竞争演替中扮演的角色,选择来自蓝藻、绿藻等藻门的45个具有不同细胞形态特征的常见藻种,通过实验室分析藻细胞形态特征参数与光合特征间相关关系,并基于于桥水库藻类种群监测数据探究藻类形态时空分布的驱动因素。研究发现,反映藻细胞光合作用过程中捕光潜力的细胞投影面积 (CPA) 是影响藻种光合特性的关键形态学参数;通过构建CPA与光系统II中调节性能量耗散量子产量 (Y(NPQ))、光响应曲线初始斜率 (α) 、最大电子传递速率 (ETRmax) 等光合参数建的关系模型,发现CPA与Y(NPQ)呈现强正相关关系 (R² = 0.31±0.01,p < 0.001) ,Y(NPQ)是影响藻类种群时空分布的关键参数。于桥水库中藻类种群的综合Y(NPQ)具有显著季节性,由春季到夏季逐渐降低,夏季藻类综合Y(NPQ)最低 (0.057±0.075) ,秋冬季呈现增加趋势,冬季藻类综合Y(NPQ)最高 (0.072±0.062) 。此外,藻类种群综合Y(NPQ)随水深增加呈降低趋势,Y(NPQ)是影响藻类形态空间分布的重要因素。基于于桥水库数据制定了以水体Y(NPQ)为核心的有害藻类预警防控体系,以期为实现针对水源地不同形态有害藻类的预警提供参考。     

Forecasts using neural network versus Box-Jenkins methodology for ambient air quality monitoring data

This study explores ambient air quality forecasts using the conventional time-series approach and a neural network. Sulfur dioxide and ozone monitoring data collected from two background stations and an industrial station are used. Various learning methods and varied numbers of hidden layer processing units of the neural network model are tested. Results obtained from the time-series and neural network models are discussed and compared on the basis of their performance for 1-step-ahead and 24-step-ahead forecasts. Although both models perform well for 1-step-ahead prediction, some neural network results reveal a slightly better forecast without manually adjusting model parameters, according to the results. For a 24-step-ahead forecast, most neural network results are as good as or superior to those of the time-series model. With the advantages of self-learning, self-adaptation, and parallel processing, the neural network approach is a promising technique for developing an automated short-term ambient air quality forecast system.     

Is it an opportunity? COVID-19’s effect on the green supply chains,and perceived service’s quality (SERVQUAL): the moderate effect of big data analytics in the healthcare sector

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study examines the relationship between uncertainty-fear toward COVID-19, green supply chain management (GSCM), and perceived service quality...     

Abatement of sulfur hexafluoride emissions from the semiconductor manufacturing process by atmospheric-pressure plasmas

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is an important gas for plasma etching processes in the semiconductor industry. SF6 intensely absorbs infrared radiation and, consequently, aggravates global warming. This study investigates SF6 abatement by nonthermal plasma technologies under atmospheric pressure. Two kinds of nonthermal plasma processes--dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and combined plasma catalysis (CPC)--were employed and evaluated. Experimental results indicated that as much as 91% of SF6 was removed with DBDs at 20 kV of applied voltage and 150 Hz of discharge frequency for the gas stream containing 300 ppm SF6, 12% oxygen (O2), and 40% argon (Ar), with nitrogen (N2) as the carrier gas. Four additives, including Ar, O2, ethylene (C2H4), and H2O(g), are effective in enhancing SF6 abatement in the range of conditions studied. DBD achieves a higher SF6 removal efficiency than does CPC at the same operation condition. But CPC achieves a higher electrical energy utilization compared with DBD. However, poisoning of catalysts by sulfur (S)-containing species needs further investigation. SF6 is mainly converted to SOF2, SO2F4, sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxygen difluoride (OF2), and fluoride (F2). They do not cause global warming and can be captured by either wet scrubbing or adsorption. This study indicates that DBD and CPC are feasible control technologies for reducing SF6 emissions.     

Simultaneous removal of nitrogen oxide/nitrogen dioxide/sulfur dioxide from gas streams by combined plasma scrubbing technology

Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) [nitrogen oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2)] and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are removed individually in traditional air pollution control technologies. This study proposes a combined plasma scrubbing (CPS) system for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx. CPS consists of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and wet scrubbing in series. DBD is used to generate nonthermal plasmas for converting NO to NO2. The water-soluble NO2 then can be removed by wet scrubbing accompanied with SO2 removal. In this work, CPS was tested with simulated exhausts in the laboratory and with diesel-generator exhausts in the field. Experimental results indicate that DBD is very efficient in converting NO to NO2. More than 90% removal of NO, NOx, and SO2 can be simultaneously achieved with CPS. Both sodium sulfide (Na2S) and sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) scrubbing solutions are good for NO2 and SO2 absorption. Energy efficiencies for NOx and SO2 removal are 17 and 18 g/kWh, respectively. The technical feasibility of CPS for simultaneous removal of NO, NO2, and SO2 from gas streams is successfully demonstrated in this study. However, production of carbon monoxide as a side-product (approximately 100 ppm) is found and should be considered.     

污泥果肥利用中重金属迁移特征研究

为了厦门城市污泥的安全利用,将石渭头污水处理厂污泥经过好氧堆肥后施用于柚子树,对重金属元素在土壤、树叶及果肉中的迁移特征进行了研究。结果表明：Cd在土壤中的富集能力强;重金属元素从土壤向树叶迁移累积能力比向果肉的大得多,污泥肥料不能用于叶类食用植物的施用;Cr向树叶、Ni向果肉的迁移累积能力强;泥肥的施用加重了土壤中Cd的污染,提高了Cr向树叶、Ni向果肉的迁移能力;污泥果肥利用需降低Ni的浓度,对污泥中含量较高的Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr和Cd需进行跟踪检测。     

垃圾渗滤液生化出水的脱色研究

分别采用脉冲电解法、混凝沉淀法、芬顿氧化法、高铁酸钾氧化法对垃圾渗滤液生化出水进行处理,考察了处理效果。结果表明：铁电极电解法和芬顿试剂氧化法均能脱除垃圾渗滤液的色度,去除有机物质。铁电极电解对色度的去除率可达98．4％,COD去除率可达84．4％;芬顿试剂氧化对色度的去除率可达99％,COD去除率可达85．8％。两种方法均能使出水达到排放标准。同时比较了各种处理方法的运行成本,在达到同样出水标准的前提下,铁电极电解运行成本远低于芬顿试剂氧化,为3．67元／t水,而芬顿试剂药剂成本为8．67元／t水。     

活性艳橙K-7R分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及结合特性研究

以微米级聚苯乙烯微球为种球,活性艳橙K-7R为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,采用单步溶胀聚合法在水相中制得了分子印迹聚合物微球(MIPs),并用平衡吸附实验研究了其吸附性能。通过Scatchard分析,结果表明,MIPs在识别K-7R过程中存在两类结合位点,高亲和力结合位点的平衡离解常数Kd1=14.855μmol/L,最大结合量Qmax1=1.282μmol/g;低亲和力结合位点的平衡离解常数Kd2=70.939μmol/L,最大结合量Qmax2=3.930μmol/g。该MIPs对K-7R有较高的亲和性和选择性。