Abundance and removal of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the rearing environments of intensive shrimp aquaculture in South China

Although research regarding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture environments has gained increasing scientific interest, further studies are required to understand the abundances and removal mechanisms of ARGs during the entire rearing period of shrimp aquaculture. Thus, in this study, abundances, distributions and removal rates of ARGs in different environmental compartments of intensive shrimp farms in South China were investigated during the entire rearing period. The results indicated that sul1 and cmlA were the predominant ARGs in the water and sediment samples. Additionally, the total abundance of ARGs was higher in shrimp pond water than in the source water and farm effluent. Moreover, sediment samples indicated significantly higher ARG abundances than water samples from the shrimp ponds (P?<?0.05). Environmental factors were found to significantly affect the distribution of ARGs in shrimp rearing environments. Furthermore, stable ponds aided the removal of ARGs from shrimp pond water. This study accounted for temporal variations in ARG abundances as well as removal of ARGs in different environmental compartments during the entire shrimp rearing period. However, additional research is required to optimize the water treatment process for removal of ARGs from the aquaculture.     

Occurrence,sorption, and transformation of free and conjugated natural steroid estrogens in the environment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Natural steroid estrogens (NSEs), including free estrogens (FEs) and conjugated estrogens (CEs), are of emerging concern globally among public and...     

Comparison of different sequential extraction procedures for mercury fractionation in polluted soils

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Three sequential extraction procedures (SEPs), modified Tessier, modified BCR, and CIEMAT, were compared for mercury fractionation in polluted soils....     

松花江流域大型底栖动物生物完整性指数构建及其适用性

利用生物完整性指数评价河流健康状态,对于水环境管理决策具有重要的实践意义。基于大型底栖动物构建生物完整性指数(B-IBI),并评价松花江流域的水生态系统健康状况。在松花江主要干支流设定37个采样点,分别于2016年6、9月进行环境因子和大型底栖动物调查研究。最终从28个候选参数中确定了种类总数、摇蚊种类数、敏感种百分比、Hilsenhoff指数、Marglef指数作为核心参数构建B-IBI。通过0～10赋分法,计算得到了松花江流域全部采样点的生物完整性评价得分。结果显示,松花江流域内60%区域生物状态存在不同程度的损害。另外,B-IBI能够综合反映松花江大型底栖动物群落多样性、生境质量、理化水质等,具有一定的适用性。     

衡阳市区和衡山背景站臭氧浓度变化规律的对比分析

选取衡阳市区和衡山背景站臭氧自动监测数据,分析两地的臭氧污染特征。对空气质量的优良率情况、臭氧作为首要污染物的变化情况、臭氧浓度的日变化特征、典型时段的浓度变化特征、臭氧浓度的月际变化特征和臭氧与PM_(2.5)的关联情况等进行了分析。结果表明,多云及阴雨天气时,衡阳市区的臭氧浓度日变化幅度大于衡山背景站。夏季,衡阳市区和衡山背景站的臭氧浓度的日变化特征规律差异较大,臭氧浓度分布比较分散,前者为典型的单峰形,后者则波动平缓。冬季,日变化幅度不大,但衡阳市区的臭氧浓度明显低于衡山背景站。衡山背景站和衡阳市区的臭氧基本同步变化,但日均值高于衡阳市区。     

2000～2015年山地城市土地利用景观格局动态演变研究——以重庆市渝北区为例

以重庆市渝北区为例,借助地理信息系统和遥感手段,利用Landsat TM 遥感数据和DEM数据,采用景观指数分析、地形位指数和分布指数等计算方法,对渝北区 2000、2005、2010 和 2015 年土地利用景观格局变化特征进行了分析,着重探讨了不同地形、坡度下各种景观类型变化情况,以及它们之间的相互关系,以期为在相似条件下的城市最佳土地利用模式选择提供一定的借鉴和参考。结果表明：（1）渝北区土地资源以中、高级地形位为主,海拔 200 m 以下,坡度6°以下的土地资源比较匮乏;（2）渝北区主要的景观类型是耕地和林地,但耕地景观总的趋势是不断减少,林地不断增加,建设用地增长较快,总体上景观破碎化程度在增加,景观多样性呈上升趋势;（3）研究期内,中低级地形位区间内大量耕地转变为建设用地,林地、草地景观面积的分布趋势随着地形位指数成正相关关系,其优势地形位主要集中于高级别地形位区间。     

长江经济带用水量时空差异的驱动效应研究——基于生产和生活视角

分解长江经济带生产用水量、生活用水量时空差异的驱动效应,有利于用水总量控制目标的顺利实现。采用LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index)方法,兼顾生产用水和生活用水,将用水总量时空差异分解为生产强度效应、产业结构效应、经济规模效应、生活强度效应和人口规模效应。结果显示:生产用水量是长江经济带及各省份用水总量变化的主要来源,生活用水量对用水总量的促增作用也逐渐增强;生产强度效应、产业结构效应是抑制用水总量增加的主要和次要因素,而经济规模效应、生活强度效应是促进用水总量增加的主要和次要因素,人口规模效应对用水总量的促增作用相对较弱;农业、工业经济增长都促进了用水总量增加,尤其是农业,农业、工业用水强度普遍下降及农业增加值所占比重下降,都促进了用水总量下降;生产用水量是各省份用水总量空间差异的主要来源,各省份用水总量与江苏、重庆空间差异的驱动因素存在差异性。因此,各省份应该贯彻落实高质量发展、转变经济增长方式,重点开展生产环节节水、兼顾生活环节,继续降低产业用水强度、优化升级产业结构,加强生活用水定额管理、提高节水意识,各省份可以以江苏、重庆为参考对象,依据用水总量空间差异驱动因素,充分挖掘可行的节水路径。     

嘉陵江有毒鱼类的分布研究

为了丰富人们对有毒鱼类的认知,结合8年的调查数据和已有资料对嘉陵江中有毒鱼类的种类、分布和食性进行研究。研究结果发现:在嘉陵江中有毒鱼类共计18种,隶属于4目6科17属,随着分类水平的变化(从目、科、属到种),有毒鱼类在不同分类级别下所占的比例逐渐降低。嘉陵江有毒鱼类中仅圆口铜鱼(Coreius guichenoti)和鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)分布于中下游,其余16种有毒鱼类分布于整个嘉陵江干流。Jaccard’s相似性分析表明各江段有毒鱼类分布的相似性极高,卡方(χ~2)检验结果显示各江段有毒鱼类分布无显著性差异(p0.05)。嘉陵江分布的有毒鱼类共4类,包括卵毒鱼类2种,血清毒鱼类1种,胆毒鱼类9种以及刺毒鱼类7种,其中鲇(Silurus asotus)既属于卵毒鱼类也属于刺毒鱼类,胆毒鱼类全部来源于鲤科鱼类,暂没有发现皮肤黏液毒鱼类。这18种有毒鱼类共包含7种食性类型,主要以杂食性和肉食性类型为主,分别占有毒鱼类种类数的38.89%和33.33%。通过本研究可知,有毒鱼类在嘉陵江中分布广泛,有毒鱼类种类和类别较多。该研究促进了人们对嘉陵江有毒鱼类相关知识的了解,为进一步研究嘉陵江有毒鱼类奠定了基础。     

Factors of Dynamics of Plankton Crustacean Communities under Eutrophic Conditions

Russian Journal of Ecology - It has been shown that the main drivers of the dynamics of cladoceran and copepod abundances can be predators (fish), the quantity and/or quality of food in terms of...     

The Ratio between Chronographic and Geographic Variation in the Morphofunctional Features of Bank Vole (Clethrionomys glareolus Shreb.) in the South of Its Range

Russian Journal of Ecology - A simultaneous analysis of the chronographic variation of the mandible of bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus Shreb.) in three longitudinally distant populations that...