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341.
Jiarui Han Qian Ye Zhongwei Yan Meiyan Jiao Jiangjiang Xia 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2011,5(4):533-542
The purpose of improving weather forecast is to enhance the accuracy in weather prediction. An ideal forecasting system would
incorporate user-end information. In recent years, the meteorological community has begun to realize that while general improvements
to the physical characteristics of weather forecasting systems are becoming asymptotically limited, the improvement from the
user end still has potential. The weather forecasting system should include user interaction because user needs may change
with different weather. A study was conducted on the conceptual forecasting system that included a dynamic, user-oriented
interactive component. This research took advantage of the recently implemented TIGGE (THORPEX interactive grand global ensemble)
project in China, a case study that was conducted to test the new forecasting system with reservoir managers in Linyi City,
Shandong Province, a region rich in rivers and reservoirs in eastern China. A self-improving forecast system was developed
involving user feedback throughout a flood season, changing thresholds for flood-inducing rainfall that were responsive to
previous weather and hydrological conditions, and dynamic user-oriented assessments of the skill and uncertainty inherent
in weather prediction. This paper discusses ideas for developing interactive, user-oriented forecast systems. 相似文献
342.
杭州西湖底泥释磷及其对富营养化的影响 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
杭州西湖是一个小型浅水湖泊,其底泥由上部藻骸腐泥和下部泥炭层构成。西湖底泥的显著特点是有机碳含量特别高,氮和磷含量也相当高。通过实验室和现场模拟研究,考察了pH、温度、溶解氧、氧化还原电位及上复水种类等环境因素对底泥释磷量和释磷速率的影响。上复水pH值在6.5—7.0范围内底泥释磷量最低;在较高或较低pH值时,底泥释磷量倍增。升高水温或降低上复水溶解氧浓度均能加速磷释放。实验室模拟西湖底泥最大释磷量为0.368μg/g。夏季现场模拟平均释磷速率为1.02mg/m~2·d;估算西湖底泥释磷量达1.346t/y,相当于年平均外部入湖磷负荷的36.4%。底泥释磷对西湖富营养化有着不容忽视的影响。 相似文献
343.
344.
Han Jie Wang Chaoqi Deng Shihai Lichtfouse Eric 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(3):1297-1314
Environmental Chemistry Letters - About one tenth of humans are impacted by water shortages around the globe. Water resilience is worsening under climate change because intensifying weather... 相似文献
345.
Han Qu Hongting Diao Jiajun Han Bin Wang Gang Yu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(1):12
Over the past decades, the plastic production has been dramatically increased. Indeed, a category of small plastic particles mainly with the shapes of fragments, fibers, or spheres, called microplastics (particles smaller than 5 mm) and nanoplastics (particles smaller than 1 μm) have attracted particular attention. Because of its wide distribution in the environment and potential adverse effects to animal and human, microplastic pollution has been reported as a serious environment problem receiving increased attention in recent years. As one of the commonly detected emerging contaminants in the environment, recent evidence indicates that the concentration of microplastics show an increasing trend, for the reason that up to 12.7 million metric tons of plastic litter is released into aquatic environment from land-based sources each year. Furthermore, microplastic exposure levels of model organisms in laboratory studies are usually several orders of magnitude higher than those found in environment, and the microplastics exposure conditions are also different with those observed in the environment. Additionally, the detection of microplastics in feces indicates that they can be excreted out of the bodies of animal and human. Hence, great uncertainties might exist in microplastics exposure and health risk assessment based on current studies, which might be exaggerated. Policies reduce microplastic emission sources and hence minimize their environmental risks are determined. To promote the above policies, we must first overcome the technical obstacles of detecting microplastics in various samples. 相似文献
346.
人们早已认识到远距离强地震可能引起覆盖层深厚的沿海或盆地城市发生严重的地震灾害。以某杭州湾跨海通道为背景,建立跨海湾海床二维场地的精细化有限元模型,依据区域地震活动性,选取远场大地震井下记录作为海床基岩的输入地震动,考虑地震动特性、海床微地形特征、沉积土的空间异质性和非线性滞回特性,研究了远场强震引起的海床场地非线性地震效应特征。海床场地效应与海床微地形特征、沉积土的空间异质性和输入地震动特性密切相关。凹陷地表边缘、基岩隆起和凹陷部位及海床土软弱区域的场地放大效应显著,呈现出低频聚焦现象,且竖向地震反应更为明显。仅考虑水平向地震作用将显著低估海床非线性场地效应程度,水平向和竖向地震同时作用引起的竖向地震效应不应忽视。 相似文献
347.
HUANG Zhi ZHOU Wen YU Ya-juan ZHANG Ai-qian HAN Shuo-kui WANG Lian-sheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2004,16(1):56-60
Enrichment of volatile organic compounds(VOC) and semi-volatility organic compounds(SVOC) in surface microlayer(SM) of three ddnking water sources were studied. The enrichment factor(EFs) were 0.67 to 13.37 and 0.16 to 136, respectively. The results showed some VOC and most SVOC could enrich in SM. Some EFs of SVOC was quite high. Suspension and temperature could affect EFs of SVOC, slim wind and water movement do not destroy enrichment of organic in SM. 相似文献
348.
Double-consciousness pervades the workplace experiences of minority professionals. Prior research captures various manifestations of double-consciousness in the workplace, yet much of what we know comes from understanding the experiences of minority professionals in predominantly White workplaces. Inherent in conceptions of double-consciousness is the sense of twoness in one's self concept that arises from seeing oneself through the eyes of both the predominantly White profession and one's own racial community. In this study, we examine contrasts as well as commonalities in experiences of double-consciousness across different social contexts in the socialization of minority scientists-in-training. We draw from qualitative data collected from 64 individuals (including 39 underrepresented minority doctoral students, and 25 faculty, staff, and administrators) in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) doctoral programs in both predominantly White and historically Black institutions to examine and compare the factors across different contexts that influence how minority scientists-in-training are able to express their emerging professional identity. Our findings reveal how minority scientists-in-training experience twoness as both a struggle and a strength, and we develop an inductive model of how different socializations influence the double-conscious professional self-expressions of minority scientists in training. 相似文献
349.
Li Yanru Yang Keming Wu Bing Zhang Jianhong Han Qianqian Gao Wei 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(6):14155-14164
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The problem of heavy metal pollution in the environment is of increasing concern, especially in the agricultural environment. In this study, a method... 相似文献
350.