粉煤灰-混凝-SBR法处理高浓度洗涤剂废水

针对车间合成洗涤剂生产废水浓度高、可生化性差、负荷大等特点,采用粉煤灰吸附-混凝进行物化处理和SBR法生物处理洗涤剂废水.运行结果表明:在常温下,当处理车间废水初始COD为6000～7000 mg/L、LAS为600～650 mg/L时,物化处理COD和LAS去除率分别为76.4%和77.1%,其中粉煤灰、PAC的投加...     

2种再生水深度处理工艺对有毒有机污染物去除效果的评价研究

采用固相萃取(SPE)技术和气相色谱/质谱联用(GC/MS)的方法对2个再生水厂的进水和不同深度处理工艺出水中的有毒有机污染物进行了定性和定量分析,讨论了这2种不同再生水深度处理工艺对有毒有机污染物的去除效果.结果表明,厌氧/缺氧/好氧(A2/O)+连续微滤技术(CMF)+加氯消毒处理工艺和水解酸化+膜生物反应器(MB...     

氯氰菊酯高效降解菌GF31的生长特性及其对污染土壤的修复能力

利用高效降解菌对受污土壤进行生物强化修复是提高修复效果的可行途径之一,其中降解菌的竞争力与适应性是决定强化修复过程成败的关键因素.以实验室保藏的1株氯氰菊酯高效降解菌--铜绿假单胞菌CF31为对象,开展菌株生长特性及其对污染土壤修复的实验研究.结果表明,菌株GF31生物活性高,环境适应力强,在温度15～35℃,pH值5...     

烟气NO氧化催化剂Cu-V/Ti-PILCs的制备及其硫水稳定性

采用等体积浸渍法制备了以钛交联粘土为载体,Cu与V氧化物为活性组分的烟气NO氧化催化剂(Cu-v/Ti-PILCs),并考察了各种制备条件下催化剂的活性及稳定性.结果显示,当V水/V丙酮 =1∶2,负载4%CuO和2%V2O5,并在500℃煅烧时制得的Cu-V/Ti-PILCs催化剂,在NO浓度为350 mg/m3,O...     

油田回注水中优势硫酸盐还原菌的分离鉴定与生理特性研究

从胜利油田回注水中筛选得到一株硫酸盐还原菌,命名为zsz1209。经过16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定zsz1209为梭菌属（Clostridium）。实验研究了zsz109的生理特性,并对通过调节环境pH来抑制菌株zsz1209生长繁殖的可行性进行了探讨。实验结果表明：菌株zsz1209的理想碳源为乙酸钠,在30～60℃之间可较好地生长;SOi浓度低至50mg／L时,生长未受到明显抑制。当培养环境pH高至8．5～9．0或低至3．5～4．0时,检测菌株zsz1209对SO4^2-和碳源（COD）的利用情况,发现zsz1209的生长受到明显抑制,结果表明利用改变环境pH来抑制微生物对油田的腐蚀具有可行性。     

Effects of alkyl polyglycoside (APG) on composting of agricultural wastes

Composting is the biological degradation and transformation of organic materials under controlled conditions to promote aerobic decomposition. To find effective ways to accelerate composting and improve compost quality, numerous methods including additive addition, inoculation of microorganisms, and the use of biosurfactants have been explored. Studies have shown that biosurfactant addition provides more favorable conditions for microorganism growth, thereby accelerating the composting process. However, biosurfactants have limited applications because they are expensive and their use in composting and microbial fertilizers is prohibited. Meanwhile, alkyl polyglycoside (APG) is considered a “green” surfactant. This study aims to determine whether APG addition into a compost reaction vessel during 28-day composting can enhance the organic matter degradation and composting process of dairy manure. Samples were periodically taken from different reactor depths at 0, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. pH levels, electrical conductivity (EC), ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, seed germination indices, and microbial population were determined. Organic matter and total nitrogen were also measured.Compared with the untreated control, the sample with APG exhibited slightly increased microbial populations, such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. APG addition increased temperatures without substantially affecting compost pH and EC throughout the process. After 28 days, APG addition increased nitrate nitrogen concentrations, promoted matter degradation, and increased seed germination indices. The results of this study suggest that the addition of APG provides more favorable conditions for microorganism growth, slightly enhancing organic matter decomposition and accelerating the composting process, improving the compost quality to a certain extent.     

氯氧化锆生产中废碱液的回收利用

建立了以 CaO 为沉淀剂去除废碱液中 SiO2回收 NaOH 的工艺,研究了各工艺因素对siO2去除效果的影响,实验结果表明,CaO 沉淀除去废碱液中 SiO2的最佳工艺条件为:CaO 与废碱液中 SiO2摩尔比 3.0,反应温度80～95℃,反应时间 40～60 min,搅拌转速 200 r/min.在此条件下,S...     

高压脉冲放电等离子体处理活性红X-3B染料废水

采用高压脉冲放电等离子体技术对活性红X-3B染料废水进行处理,考察了废水电导率、脉冲电压、脉冲频率、针板间距以及曝气量对处理效果的影响。实验结果表明,当废水电导率为200μS/cm、脉冲电压为34kV、脉冲频率为60Hz、针板间距为15mm、曝气量为12L/h、处理时间为60m in时,活性红X-3B染料废水脱色率能达到98.6%。     

脱硫废碱液还原废水中的Cr(Ⅵ)

利用脱硫废碱液对酸化后的含铬废水进行处理,研究了废水初始pH、脱硫废碱液加入量和静置时间等对Cr(Ⅵ)转化率的影响.实验结果表明,在废水初始pH为1.4、静置时间为30 min的条件下,处理30 mL Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度为126.5 mg/L的含铬废水,适宜的脱硫废碱液加入量为6 mL,此条件下Cr(Ⅵ)转化率接近10...     

Evaluation of photolysis and hydrolysis of pyraclostrobin in aqueous solutions and its degradation products in paddy water

This study evaluated the hydrolysis and photolysis kinetics of pyraclostrobin in an aqueous solution using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection and identified the resulting metabolites of pyraclostrobin by hydrolysis and photolysis in paddy water using high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography. The effect of solution pH, metal ions and surfactants on the hydrolysis of pyraclostrobin was explored. The hydrolysis half-lives of pyraclostrobin were 23.1–115.5?days and were stable in buffer solution at pH 5.0. The degradation rate of pyraclostrobin in an aqueous solution under sunlight was slower than that under UV photolysis reaction. The half-lives of pyraclostrobin in a buffer solution at pH 5.0, 7.0, 9.0 and in paddy water were less than 12?h under the two light irradiation types. The metabolites of the two processes were identified and compared to further understand the mechanisms underlying hydrolysis and photolysis of pyraclostrobin in natural water. The extracted ions obtained from paddy water were automatically annotated by Compound Discoverer software with manual confirmation of their fragments. Two metabolites were detected and identified in the pyraclostrobin hydrolysis, whereas three metabolites were detected and identified in the photolysis in paddy water.