A review on submarine oil and gas leakage in near field: droplets and plume

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill remains the largest catastrophic release of oil and gas into the deep sea. The irrupted oil and gas substantially impact a marine ecosystem, cause human injury, and have high societal opinions. Therefore, understanding the transport and dispersion of subsurface hydrocarbon provides an imperative substratum for the practical assessment and response of marine oil spill accidents. In this review, we summarize the major advances since the Deepwater Horizon accident, with emphasis on the observation and modeling of the droplet and the formation and dynamics of the plume. Additional complexity including more than the investigation of gas-saturated oil at high-pressure and the effect of Earth’s rotation on near field plume is also outlined. We end with a few outlooks on key priorities for more precisely estimations on future oil spills.

     

Impact of particle sizes on health risks and source-specific health risks for heavy metals in road dust

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To analyze the impact of particle sizes on sources and related health risks for heavy metals, road dust samples in Beijing were collected and sifted...     

Research on the evolution characteristics of future climate change in West Liao River Basin

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In order to explore the characteristics of climate change in the future in the West Liao River Basin under the background of future climate change,...     

The effects of air pollution on the lung cancer mortality in rural areas of eastern China: a multi-region study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Recently, the burden of lung cancer (LC) has attracted global attention. Meanwhile, LC has become the leading cause of death in China. Many studies...     

Influence of different inoculation densities of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) on heavy metal immobilization in swine manure

The disposal of organic waste by the biocomposting of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) has drawn broad attention. However, the discrepancies in heavy metal immobilization between BSFL biocomposting with different inoculation densities and aerobic composting need to be further researched. In this study, BSFL with inoculation densities of 0.08%, 0.24% and 0.40% was added to swine manure to investigate its influence on heavy metal bioaccumulation and bioavailability. The physicochemical properties, BSFL growth performance and amino acid contents were measured. The results showed that the germination index, total prepupal yield and bioavailable fraction removal rate (%) of Cr and Pb at an inoculation density of 0.40% of BSFL were the highest among all of the BSFL biocomposting groups. Although the bioaccumulation factor and heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn) concentrations of the BSFL body from swine manure with inoculation densities of 0.24% and 0.40% of BSFL were similar, the BSFL inoculation density of 0.40% had the best absorption effect on these heavy metals in terms of total prepupal yield. Therefore, this study provides a basis for exploring the optimal inoculation density of BSFL biocomposting to reduce the harmful effects of heavy metals in swine manure.

     

Effects of physical and chemical aging on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content and potential toxicity in rice straw biochars

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochars threaten their environmental application. The aging process may affect the concentration of PAHs,...     

Does more voluntary environmental information disclosure cut down the cost of equity: heavy pollution industries in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Examining the coexisting policies for mandatory and voluntary disclosure of environmental information, this paper focuses on the unique background for...     

What are the disease burden and its sensitivity analysis of workers exposing to Staphylococcus aureus bioaerosol during warm and cold periods in a wastewater treatment plant?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biological treatment in wastewater treatment plants releases high amounts of pathogenic bioaerosols. Quantitative microbial risk assessment is a...     

A bibliometric and content analysis of research trends on GIS-based landslide susceptibility from 2001 to 2020

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To assess the status of hotspots and research trends on geographic information system (GIS)–based landslide susceptibility (LS), we analysed...     

大型溞投放密度对湖库水体水质改善及底泥污染物影响

向北京市沙河水库投放大型溞(Daphnia magna),利用其摄食藻类、促进悬浮颗粒态污染物沉降的特性,以提升水体的透明度,为后续沉水植物群落的恢复创造条件,并探索大型溞的投放密度,以及投放后对水质及底泥主要污染物的影响。结果表明：向沙河水库投加大型溞的最佳密度为5~15 ind·L⁻¹;在该条件下,水体透明度可在3~5 d由40 cm提升至100 cm,浊度由19.7 NTU降至3 NTU,藻密度由2.4×10⁶ cell·mL⁻¹降至(4~6)×10⁴ cell·mL⁻¹;大型溞可在沙河水库长期存活,并可长期抑制藻类、维持水体的透明度;水体COD并未发生明显改变;大型溞的分泌物促进了悬浮颗粒态氮、磷的沉降,使TN和TP的去除率分别达到70.2%和54.9%;由于投溞后藻类浓度迅速下降,藻对NH₃-N的吸收量降低,使水体NH₃-N升高了32.2%;底泥中有机质、TN、TP均出现了一定程度的升高。针对于湖库水体透明度低的问题,应投放适宜密度的大型溞,调整水质状态,并结合水中藻类、底泥污染物等条件,综合考虑有效改善水质的方法。