pH、溶解氧、叶绿素a之间相关性研究Ⅱ：非养殖水体

利用国内、外近20年的资料和饮用水水源地潘家口水库现场围隔实验结果,分析非养殖水体中pH、溶解氧（DO）和叶绿素a之间的相互关系。结果表明,当水体处于富营养化状态即叶绿素a平均含量高于10μg/L时,pH、DO与叶绿素a呈显著正相关。当叶绿素a平均含量低于10μg/L时,水体交换强或有机重污染的天然水体中DO与叶绿素a...     

双氧水催化氧化中Cu/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂的稳定性研究

针对废水湿式双氧水催化氧化,采用浸渍法制备Cu催化剂,研究非均相Cu催化剂在常温常压湿式双氧水催化氧化中的稳定性与失活问题。研究表明,催化剂制备条件及催化氧化反应条件对催化剂中Cu2＋溶出均有影响。研究同时表明,催化剂失活与活性组分流失和活性组分被有机中间产物覆盖有关,高温焙烧可对催化剂再生。     

pH、溶解氧、叶绿素a之间相关性研究Ⅰ:养殖水体

利用国内、外近20年的资料和饮用水水源地潘家口水库现场围隔实验结果,分析养殖水体中pH、溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO)和叶绿素a之间的相互关系.结果表明,当叶绿素a平均含量低于10μg/L时,水体交换弱的夏季和秋季养殖水域水体中pH、DO与叶绿素a无明显相关甚至无相关;水体交换强的夏季和秋季养殖水域水...     

Comparison of different sequential extraction procedures for mercury fractionation in polluted soils

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Three sequential extraction procedures (SEPs), modified Tessier, modified BCR, and CIEMAT, were compared for mercury fractionation in polluted soils....     

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae) from the upper Mekong River

The purposes of this research are to quantify the concentration of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the water and fish tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the upper Mekong River and to thereby elucidate the potential dietary health risks from fish consumption of local residents. Surface water and fish tissues (gill, muscle, liver, and intestine) from four representative sample areas (influence by a cascade of four dams) along the river were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations. Results revealed that the levels of heavy metals in fish were tissue-dependent. The highest Cu and As levels were found in the liver; the highest Zn and Pb levels occurred in the intestine, and the highest Hg level was found in the muscle. The total target hazard quotient (THQ) value for residents is > 1 for long-term fish consumption, and local residents are, therefore, exposed to a significant health risk. Results from the current study provide an overall understanding of the spatial and tissue distribution of heavy metals in water and fish body along the upper Mekong River under the influence of cascade dams and highlight the potential health risk of As for the local residents of long-term fish consumption.

     

Direct methanol fuel cell bubble removal mechanism using magnetic actuation

This article develops a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with a magnet-actuated bubble removal mechanism. A micro-DC motor is used to control the bubble removal mechanism. The lower magnetic device is operated to extrude a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) runner to compress the liquid fuel in the anode flow channel, forcing the CO₂ bubbles in the runner to flow toward the outlet end. The bubble retention in the anode flow channel is thereby improved, enhancing the cell performance. The proposed mechanism stability and performance and Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) runner are also discussed.     

Management-oriented sensitivity analysis for pesticide transport in watershed-scale water quality modeling using SWAT

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was calibrated for hydrology conditions in an agricultural watershed of Orestimba Creek, California, and applied to simulate fate and transport of two organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon. The model showed capability in evaluating pesticide fate and transport processes in agricultural fields and instream network. Management-oriented sensitivity analysis was conducted by applied stochastic SWAT simulations for pesticide distribution. Results of sensitivity analysis identified the governing processes in pesticide outputs as surface runoff, soil erosion, and sedimentation in the study area. By incorporating sensitive parameters in pesticide transport simulation, effects of structural best management practices (BMPs) in improving surface water quality were demonstrated by SWAT modeling. This study also recommends conservation practices designed to reduce field yield and in-stream transport capacity of sediment, such as filter strip, grassed waterway, crop residue management, and tailwater pond to be implemented in the Orestimba Creek watershed.     

中国水产养殖规划现状分析与对策

水产养殖规划可以降低水产养殖和水环境之间的不确定性、减少水产养殖活动的外部不经济性、提高水资源的利用效率,对中国水产养殖的可持续发展有重要作用.对已实施的水产养殖规划的现状分析结果表明,存在着水产养殖规划基础与水产养殖规划实施间的不协凋性、环境影响评价环节的缺失和水产养殖规划的实施效果蔗等主要现象.其根本原因是现有水产养殖相关制度的配置不完善.应从环境影响评价与水产养殖规划的集成关系入手,通过完善水产养殖容量的估算、水产养殖的技术与经济评估指标、制度和相关利益者分析与评估的方法和指标,建立水产养殖规划的技术体系.引入第三方评审制度以监督规划环境影响评价的质量.     

乐山大佛景区景云亭危岩灾害分析及其防治研究

乐山大佛景区离堆山景云亭危岩地处大佛景区乌尤寺附近陡崖地带.危岩严重威胁省级文物保护单位"离堆"、乐山巨型睡佛的"睫毛"-景云亭及"中流砥柱"浮雕等重要景点的安全.通过现场调查、测绘、坑探等手段,结合赤平投影、楔形体稳定性分析,系统地研究了离堆山景云亭危岩体的区域地质环境条件、危岩基本特征及类型、演化发展趋势、影响因素及其稳定性,在此基础上提出了以锚固为主体工程,辅以排水、嵌补工程,对危岩体进行综合工程整治.     

新疆天山天池景区飞龙涧崩塌及其防治

飞龙涧崩塌位于新疆天山天池景区内,发育在天池冰碛湖堤东侧,三工河左岸陡崖上,4个崩塌体组成的一大型浅层崩塌.崩塌平面形态呈不规则的马蹄形,面积0.105 km2.飞龙涧大型崩塌是地质因素、地貌因素、气象因素、水文因素综合作用的结果;是激发因素--暴雨、有利的地质地形条件--基岩破碎、山高坡陡和地下水长期作用、河流冲刷等综合作用的结果.针对本区的社会条件和自然条件,提出了防崩减灾对策,具体分为工程措施和非工程措施.