Collaborative influence of morphology tuning and RE (La,Y, and Sm) doping on photocatalytic performance of nanoceria

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Tuning morphology and doping additional rare earth (RE) cations are potential techniques to promote the photocatalytic performance of ceria (CeO2),...     

A comprehensive review on green buildings research: bibliometric analysis during 1998–2018

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Buildings account for nearly 2/5ths of global energy expenditure. Due to this figure, the 90s witnessed the rise of green buildings (GBs) that were...     

油污土壤生物修复实验研究

为了有效预防和治理因石油开采、运输等造成的土壤污染,对大庆地区油污土壤进行了生物修复的实验研究,通过室内盆栽模拟实验,对芦苇和香蒲根际土壤的石油类污染物总含量、石油烃类组分浓度、非烃组分浓度进行了测定。结果表明,芦苇和香蒲对石油类污染物具有比较明显的降解作用,可以使被污染土壤中的某些油污成分逐渐被选择性消耗。实验还可看出,芦苇和香蒲对石油类污染物中正构烷烃的降解能力高于非正构烃。总体看,芦苇对石油类污染物的降解能力强于香蒲,但芦苇对非正构烃的降解能力略逊于香蒲。     

添加炭基材料对蔬菜废物好氧堆肥进程和腐熟度的影响

以蔬菜废弃物辣椒秸秆和树叶为堆肥原料(CK),采用密闭式好氧堆肥工艺,研究了添加5%木本泥炭(T1)、5%活性炭(T2)和10%木本泥炭(T3)等炭基材料对堆肥pH、EC、CO2累积量、物料损失率、T值、C/N和发芽率指数的影响。结果显示,T2处理的pH在60 d后维持在8~9之间;EC值随着堆肥进行呈现先下降后升高再下降的趋势,最终CK、T1、T2和T3处理的EC值(mS/cm)分别降低了1.02、0.76、0.33和0.48;T2和T3处理的CO2累积量一直高于其他处理;所有处理的物料损失率均在20%以上;4个处理堆肥产品的T值分别为0.56、0.65、0.68和0.69;堆肥产品的发芽率指数分别为63.2%、69.3%、93.5%和86.1%。T值和发芽率指数显示T2和T3处理达到了腐熟阶段。结果表明,在蔬菜堆肥处理中添加炭基材料可改善堆肥产品的理化性质,加速堆肥物料的分解,有效地缩短堆肥周期和提高堆肥产品的腐熟度。     

Highlights and new Editorial Advisory Board members of the Journal of Environmental Sciences

正The Journal of Environmental Sciences(JES)is honored to welcome Professors/Drs William A.Mitch,Jiuhui Qu,Susan D.Richardson,Jerald L.Schnoor,Hongxiao Tang,Shu Tao,and Hugh A.Tilson to serve on the Editorial Advisory Board(EAB).Their tremendous experience in scientific publications,leading expertise in topic areas pertinent to JES,diverse international networks/perspectives,and exemplary dedication to scientific excellence will guide and help the continuing healthy growth of JES.     

试论改善发展的质量

本文结合中国国情，从经济发展的目标、边界、途径等方面论述了改善发展质量的基本内涵，提出经济发展应以满足社会基本需要为目标，经济发展必须与环境和资源的承载力相适应，依靠科技进步是提高发展质量的根本途径，同时须不断改善经济的内部结构，走资源节。     

Effects of advanced traffic signal status warning systems on vehicle emission reductions at signalized intersections

Signalized intersections have been identified as vehicle emission hotspots, where drivers decelerate, idle, and accelerate their vehicles in response to signal changes. Advanced traffic signal status warning systems (ATSSWSs) can be applied to reduce traffic emissions at intersections by mitigating unnecessary braking and acceleration. In this study, two types of ATSSWSs, variable message sign (VMS) based and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) based, were designed, and their environmental effectiveness was evaluated through driving simulator-based experiments. Three scenarios were designed and tested: (1) baseline without an ATSSWS, (2) with the VMS-based ATSSWS, and (3) with the V2I-based ATSSWS. The Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator model was used to evaluate and compare the environmental effectiveness of these two types of ATSSWSs. The results indicate that the proposed ATSSWSs can reduce traffic emissions at signalized intersections. In particular, the V2I-based ATSSWS can substantially reduce CO₂, NOx, CO, and HC emissions. The results will help transportation practitioners with implementing advanced driver information systems and decision making on emission reduction policies.

Implications: Signalized intersection has been identified as one of hottest spots for vehicle emissions where signal control causes vehicles to frequently decelerate, idle, and accelerate. Advanced Traffic Signal Status Warning Systems (ATSSWS) can be applied to reduce traffic emission at intersections by decreasing vehicles’ unnecessary brakes and accelerations. The results of this study will assist transportation practitioners in implementing advanced driver information systems and making decisions on emission reduction policies.     

不同功能区空气负离子的监测分析

监测了西宁地区不同功能区空气负离子状况，以公园游览区空气负离子浓度最高，平均３５８个／ｃｍ＾３；工业区最低，平均浓度２５９个／ｃｍ＾３。各功能区空气负离子浓度明显不同，Ｐ〈０．０１。用空气负离子浓度、空气离子单级系数和安培空气质量评价指数评价各功能区空气质量，从好到差依次为：公园游览区、生活居住区、商业交通繁忙区、工业区。３种评价指标结果相同，符合一般规律。     

The styrene purification performance of biotrickling filter with toluene-styrene acclimatization under acidic conditions

The obvious disadvantages of biotrickling filters (BTFs) are the long start-up time and low removal efficiency (RE) when treating refractory hydrophobic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which limits its industrial application. It is worthwhile to investigate how to reduce the start-up period of the BTF for treating hydrophobic VOCs. Here, we present the first study to evaluate the strategy of toluene induction combined with toluene-styrene synchronous acclimatization during start-up in a laboratory-scale BTF inoculated with activated sludge for styrene removal, as well as the effects of styrene inlet concentration (0.279 to 2.659 g·m^?3), empty bed residence time (EBRT) (i.e., 136, 90, 68, 45, 34 sec), humidity (7.7% to 88.9%), and pH (i.e., 4, 3, 2.5, 2) on the performance of the BTF system. The experiments were carried out under acidic conditions (pH 4.5) to make fungi dominant in the BTF. The start-up period for styrene in the BTF was shortened to about 28 days. A maximum elimination capacity (EC_max) of 126 g·m^?3·hr^?1 with an RE of 80% was attained when styrene inlet loading rate (ILR) was below 180 g·m^?3·hr^?1. The highest styrene RE(s) [of BTF] that could be achieved were 95% and 93.4%, respectively, for humidity of 7.7% and at pH 2. A single dominant fungal strain was isolated and identified as Candida palmioleophila strain MA-M11 based on the 26S ribosomal RNA gene. Overall, the styrene induction with the toluene-styrene synchronous acclimatization could markedly reduce the start-up period and enhance the RE of styrene. The BTF dominated by fungi exhibited good performance under low pH and humidity and great potential in treating styrene with higher inlet concentrations.

Implications: The application of the toluene induction combined with toluene-styrene synchronous acclimatization demonstrated to be a promising approach for the highly efficient removal of styrene. The toluene induction can accelerate biofilm formation, and the adaptability of microorganisms to styrene can be improved rapidly by the toluene-styrene synchronous acclimatization. The integrated application of two technologies can shorten the start-up period of biotrickling filters markedly and promote its industrial application.     

化学镀镍废液的处理及再生技术研究进展

介绍了化学镀镍废液的产生和危害,综述了近年来国内外采用化学沉淀法、电解法、氧化还原法、萃取法、离子交换法、电渗析法等对化学镀镍废液进行处理及净化再生的技术研究进展,对各种方法的实用性进行了评价,并指出今后的发展方向。