城市生活垃圾渗透系数测试研究

采用常水头测渗实验，对不同压实密度和水力梯度下的新鲜垃圾与陈垃圾的渗透系数进行测试，根据达西定律求得渗透系数值。由于垃圾的不均匀性、小颗粒的运动和大孔隙沟道流的形成和改变，实验初始阶段渗透系数值先增大至峰值，然后缓慢降低直至趋于稳定。实验稳定后，新鲜垃圾压实密度为0．75—0．95t／m^3时，渗透系数值约为1．26E-03～1．43E-03cm／s。陈垃圾在压实密度分别为1．2和1．4t／m^3时，渗透系数为8．29E-04和1．35E-04cm／s。     

A combined radical and non-radical oxidation processes for efficient degradation of Acid Orange 7 in the homogeneous Cu(II)/PMS system: important role of chloride

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Trace copper ion (Cu(II)) in water and wastewater can trigger peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to oxidize organic compounds, but it only works under...     

厚覆盖区1：25万区域地质调查工作方法研究

通过1：25万杭州市幅厚覆盖区第四纪研究和填图实践，初步总结出“以气候旋回及基准面旋回等时性理论为基础，从古气候旋回宏观识别标志研究人手，以标准孔为基准点外延扩展，在反复认识与验证的基础上，进行层序地层划分，建立剖面等时格架，制作高精度对比的剖面图及准瞬时岩相古地理图”的研究方法，以及“从古岸线沉积物研究人手，充分运用非正式岩石地层单位的表示方法，结合考古及地方志，填绘出具岩石空间分布、海平面升降信息、古文化遗址、浅表含水层展布及河流与海岸线变迁”的非常规填图方法。提高了本区第四纪地层研究精度，使地质图具有强烈的地区特色。拓宽了区调工作的服务领域。并为沿海厚覆盖区的区域地质调查另辟了一条新思路。     

Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

Progress in quantitative research on the relationship between atmospheric oxidation and air quality

Atmospheric oxidizing capacity (AOC) is an essential driving force of troposphere chemistry and self-cleaning, but the definition of AOC and its quantitative representation remain uncertain. Driven by national demand for air pollution control in recent years, Chinese scholars have carried out studies on theories of atmospheric chemistry and have made considerable progress in AOC research. This paper will give a brief review of these developments. First, AOC indexes were established that represent apparent atmospheric oxidizing ability (AOIe) and potential atmospheric oxidizing ability (AOIp) based on aspects of macrothermodynamics and microdynamics, respectively. A closed study refined the quantitative contributions of heterogeneous chemistry to AOC in Beijing, and these AOC methods were further applied in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and key areas across the country. In addition, the detection of ground or vertical profiles for atmospheric OH·, HO₂·, NO₃· radicals and reservoir molecules can now be obtained with domestic instruments in diverse environments. Moreover, laboratory smoke chamber simulations revealed heterogeneous processes involving reactions of O₃ and NO₂, which are typical oxidants in the surface/interface atmosphere, and the evolutionary and budgetary implications of atmospheric oxidants reacting under multispecies, multiphase and multi-interface conditions were obtained. Finally, based on the GRAPES-CUACE adjoint model improved by Chinese scholars, simulations of key substances affecting atmospheric oxidation and secondary organic and inorganic aerosol formation have been optimized. Normalized numerical simulations of AOIe and AOIp were performed, and regional coordination of AOC was adjusted. An optimized plan for controlling O₃ and PM_2.5 was analyzed by scenario simulation.     

处理水中微污染有机物的工程菌的研究

利用生物工程技术筛选、驯化出能够去除水中微污染有机物的工程菌 ,并以颗粒活性炭为载体采用物理吸附法将其人工固定化 ,然后用于微污染水的处理。通过对高锰酸盐指数的连续测定 ,试验结果表明 :工程菌人工固定化形成的生物活性炭对微污染水中有机物去除率较高 ,并且稳定 ,高锰酸盐指数去除率平均 4 0 % ;出水高锰酸盐指数 <2 5mg L ,浊度 <1 0NTU ,细菌总数 <10 0cfu mL ,总大肠菌群未检出。     

应用PCR-DGGE技术研究处理含氨废气的生物滤塔中微生物多样性

变性梯度凝胶电泳技术(DGGE)在微生物生态学领域有着广泛的应用.本文应用DGGE技术对处理含氨废气的生物滤塔中微生物多样性随时间的变化进行了研究.在生物滤塔运行的不同时间采集滤塔中的填料样品,进行了生物滤塔对氨处理效果的分析和DGGE分析.结果显示,污泥和混合填料生物滤塔氨的出气浓度在经过一段时间后,逐渐升高,而堆肥生物滤塔的运行情况较好,对氨的去除效率始终在98%以上.PCR-DGGE图谱显示,不同时间的相同填料中微生物DGGE图谱有着明显的差异性.Shannon指数分析表明,填料中微生物的多样性都随着反应器运行时间的延长而有所减少.运行一个月后,混合填料的微生物多样性指数最低为0.389;其次为污泥填料,其多样性指数为0.473;堆肥填料的微生物多样性程度最高为0.569.生物滤塔对氨的去除效果与填料中微生物多样性Shannon指数之间有一定的相关关系.主成分分析(PCA)显示对于堆肥和污泥来说,填料样品之间微生物群落结构相似性较高,而混合填料样品间的微生物群落结构相似性较低.     

射流曝气SBR技术在屠宰废水治理中的应用

介绍了应用射流曝气和序列间歇式活性污泥（ＳＢＲ）治理屠宰废水的工程实例。半年多的运行情况表明，该系统具有很好操作性和稳定性，当系统污水排放量或有机负荷发生较大波动时，有较好的缓冲适应能力，并能保证整个系统稳定达标。     

永梅会与中下扬子地区的成矿条件对比

永海会地区的区域构造、含矿地层和建造、中生代火山侵入岩体特征、局部控矿构造以及成矿物质来源、硫氢氧同位素、铅同位素、年龄同位素等成矿信息，都与扬子区、萍乐区已知铜金矿集区有许多相似之处。通过对比表明，永海会地区具有极大的找矿前应景。     

2,4,6—三硝基甲苯废水治理技术的研究进展

论述了２，４，６－三硝基甲苯废水中化学耗氧量和色度的研究进展情况，指出生化法中白腐菌综合治理２，４，６－三硝基甲苯废水的处理方法是目前极有前途的有效的技术。