焦化场地典型多环芳烃类污染物精细化风险评估

为准确评估多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤对人体的健康风险,解决目前基于总量风险评估导致土壤PAHs修复目标值过严的问题,采用德国标准研究院颁布的生物可给性测试方式研究了石家庄某焦化厂土壤中苯并[b]荧蒽(BBF)、苯并[k]荧蒽(BKF)、苯并[a]芘(BAP)、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘(IPY)和二苯并[a,h]蒽(...     

不同染料化合物在颗粒活性炭上的分形吸附规律

研究了颗粒活性炭对6种染料的吸附特征,结果表明,它们的吸附等温线均符合Ffendlich方程;由此计算出颗粒活性炭的表面分形维数均处于2到3之间．不同染料吸附时计算出的分形维数不同,吸附染料过程是在分形表面上发生的反应．吸附动力学过程分为快速吸附和慢吸附两个阶段,而且溶液中剩余染料的浓度变化动力学符合方程：Cout∝t^-α,表明该过程具有类分形动力学特征;并由指数α计算上述动力学反应的分形维数D．在实验的温度范围内,6种染料的吸附量和速度均随着温度的升高而增加;绿色染料吸附时的类分形动力学参数指数α和分形维数D也随之升高,而其它染料不呈现类似的规律．     

Occurrence and treatment trials of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in wastewaters

This study demonstrates that both synthetic and natural endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) (e.g., bisphenol A, estrone and 17beta-estradiol) were found in the crude wastewaters from two wastewater treatment works (WwTWs). Conventional biological processes can lower EDCs concentrations to several tens to hundreds ngl(-1). Since natural EDCs (e.g., estrone and 17beta-estradiol) have biological activity and adverse impact on the environment at extremely low concentrations (several tens of ngl(-1)), further treatment after conventional biological processes is required. Preliminary trials with ferrate(VI) and electrochemical oxidation process demonstrated that both processes can effectively reduce EDCs to very low levels, ranging between 10 and 100ngl(-1), but the former is more effective than the latter to reduce COD concentration in wastewater for given studying conditions.     

秸秆成型燃料锅炉污染物排放规律试验研究

根据锅炉烟尘测试方法(GB 5468-91)及锅炉大气污染物排放标准(GB 13271-2001),在不同风门的工况下,分别对设计的双层炉排秸秆成型燃料锅炉污染物排放规律进行试验.试验表明,在较好工况下,双层炉排锅炉排烟中CO等中间产物及烟尘含量低于单层炉排锅炉,其排烟中CO、NOx、SO2和烟尘浓度等指标远远低于燃煤锅炉,符合国家关于工业锅炉大气污染物排放标准要求,有较好环保效益.     

城市旅游区暴雨径流污染过程中的不透水面效应

选取武汉市动物园4种典型的不透水面暴雨径流污染特征进行了系统的研究,以期为旅游区面源污染危害评价和治理提供基本的依据.结果表明,动物园4种不透水面初期径流污染物浓度很高,COD最大值达1140 mg/L,下垫面类型及地表累积污染物是影响径流水质的主要因素.通过无量纲累积曲线的分析,表明旅游区不透水面径流初期冲刷严重,该曲线还为面源治理提供了重要的工程参数.     

Short-duration hydrothermal fermentation of food waste: preparation of soil conditioner for amending organic-matter-impoverished arable soils

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil conditioners can be used to compensate for the insufficient soil nutrition and organic matter (OM) of arable soils. However, the traditional...     

用核子微探针进行单个大气颗粒物的分析

本文对单个大气颗粒物进行了分析研究，用核子微探针对首钢地区单个大气颗粒物进行了扫描分析，用三维等高线法给出了各种元素在一群单个大气颗粒物中的二维分布。从一群单个大气颗粒物中各元素的二维分布可对首钢地区大气污染的特征及来源进行分析研究。     

Virus retention and transport through Al-oxide coated sand columns: effects of ionic strength and composition

Knowledge of the factors that influence the fate and transport of viruses in porous media is very important for accurately determining groundwater vulnerability and for developing protective regulations. In this study, six saturated sand column experiments were performed to examine the effects of a positively charged Al-oxide, which was coated on sand particles, on the retention and transport of viruses (phiX174 and MS-2) in background solutions of different ionic strength and composition. We found that the Al-oxide coating on sand significantly removed viruses during their transport in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Mass balance calculations showed that 34% of the input MS-2 was inactivated/irreversibly sorbed on the surface of Al-oxide coated sand whereas 100% of phiX174 was recovered. Results from this study also indicated that higher ionic strength facilitated the transport of both phiX174 and MS-2 through the Al-oxide coated sand. This was attributed to the effect of ion shielding, which at higher ionic strength decreased the electrostatic attraction between the viral particles and the sand surface and consequently decreased virus sorption. Strong effect of the ionic strength indicates that an outer-sphere complexation mechanism was responsible for the virus sorption on the Al-oxide coated sand. Ion composition of the background solutions was also found to be a significant factor in influencing virus retention and transport. Virus transport was enhanced in the presence of phosphate (HPO(4)(2-)) as compared to bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)), and the effect of HPO(4)(2-) was more significant on MS-2 than on phiX174. The presence of bivalent cations (Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)) increased virus transport because the cations partially screened the negative charges on the viruses therefore decreased the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged sand surface and the negatively charged viruses. Mass recovery data indicated that bivalent cations gave rise to a certain degree of inactivation/irreversibly sorption of phiX174 on the surface of Al-oxide coated sand. On the contrary, the bivalent cations appeared to have protected MS-2 from inactivation/irreversibly sorption. This study provides some insights into the mechanisms responsible for virus retention and transport in porous media.     

组合骨料型百喜草植生混凝土去除氮磷

以6组90 d龄期的组合骨料型百喜草植生混凝土盆栽为研究对象,用配制溶液静态培养的方法,选择氨氮(NH3-N)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)为主要指标,考查沸石与钢渣、沸石与浮石两种组合骨料型的植生混凝土对污染物的去除效果。结果表明,各组NH3-N 1 d、7 d的去除率分别为13.0%~16.9%和45.7%~56.7%,1 d去除率约占7 d的30%。各组TN 1 d、7 d的去除率分别为9.0%~14.1%和25.6%~39.2%,1 d去除率约占7 d的30%。各组TP 1 d、7 d的去除率分别为22.0%~33.3%和57.3%~89.3%,1 d去除率约占7 d的40%。NO3--N、NO2--N含量很低,NO3--N浓度基本在0.50 mg/L以下,NO2--N浓度变化范围在0.10 mg/L以下。综合NH3-N、TN和TP去除效果,沸石与浮石按1:1~1:3混合的百喜草植生混凝土具有良好的脱氮除磷效果。     

A combined radical and non-radical oxidation processes for efficient degradation of Acid Orange 7 in the homogeneous Cu(II)/PMS system: important role of chloride

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Trace copper ion (Cu(II)) in water and wastewater can trigger peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to oxidize organic compounds, but it only works under...