生物膜填料塔SO2废气净化性能研究

采用生物膜填料塔净化SO2废气,研究结果表明:当气体流量从100L/h增加到300L/h时,SO2净化效率由86.4%下降到73.2%;生化去除量随着入口SO2气体浓度的升高而增大;随着温度的升高,SO2净化效率和生化去除量都随之提高,且20℃以上时,净化效率可达90.9%以上,生化去除量可达75 mg/L·h以上,更利于微生物降解SO2.     

燃油锅炉烟气尿素法同时脱硫脱氮技术

针对2th燃油锅炉烟气,采用尿素添加剂湿法同时脱硫脱氮技术进行治理。通过工程应用试验,确定工程运行时液气比为3Lm3,吸收剂尿素浓度为5%,添加剂浓度随其种类不同而不同。工程环保验收各指标均优于当地标准。     

喷淋环栅式除尘脱硫反应器的数学模拟

研制了一种由内外圈构成的喷淋环栅式除尘脱硫反应装置,气、液两相在内外圈之间通向运动,紊流冲激环栅时接触传质。基于溶质渗透理论,提出了以内塔穿孔速率V,液气比L/G,吸收浆液pH值为参数的脱硫效率模型。对比某电厂工况条件下测得的一系列实验数据,显示出该模型与实际情况具有良好的一致性,表明该模型可以用来作为工程设计、最优化技术和推测工业数据的理论参考工具。     

负压二次曝气二氧化氯发生器的研制与应用

以氯酸钠和工业盐酸为基本原料,采用独特的负压二次曝气工艺,在催化剂作用下,经氧化还原反应产生以二氧化氯为主的混合消毒气体,经吸收后形成一定浓度的二氧化氯混合消毒液,与待处理水充分混合,达到杀菌消毒的目的。     

Effects of calibration on L-THIA GIS runoff and pollutant estimation

Urbanization can result in alteration of a watershed's hydrologic response and water quality. To simulate hydrologic and water quality impacts of land use changes, the Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA) system has been used. The L-THIA system estimates pollutant loading based on direct runoff quantity and land use based pollutant coefficients. The accurate estimation of direct runoff is important in assessing water quality impacts of land use changes. An automated program was developed to calibrate the L-THIA model using the millions of curve number (CN) combinations associated with land uses and hydrologic soil groups. L-THIA calibration for the Little Eagle Creek (LEC) watershed near Indianapolis, Indiana was performed using land use data for 1991 and daily rainfall data for six months of 1991 (January 1-June 30) to minimize errors associated with use of different temporal land use data and rainfall data. For the calibration period, the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient was 0.60 for estimated and observed direct runoff. The calibrated CN values were used for validation of the model for the same year (July 1-December 31), and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient was 0.60 for estimated and observed direct runoff. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient was 0.52 for January 1, 1991 to December 31, 1991 using uncalibrated CN values. As shown in this study, the use of better input parameters for the L-THIA model can improve accuracy. The effects on direct runoff and pollutant estimation of the calibrated CN values in the L-THIA model were investigated for the LEC. Following calibration, the estimated average annual direct runoff for the LEC watershed increased by 34%, total nitrogen by 24%, total phosphorus by 22%, and total lead by 43%. This study demonstrates that the L-THIA model should be calibrated and validated prior to application in a particular watershed to more accurately assess the effects of land use changes on hydrology and water quality.     

Evaluation of photolysis and hydrolysis of pyraclostrobin in aqueous solutions and its degradation products in paddy water

This study evaluated the hydrolysis and photolysis kinetics of pyraclostrobin in an aqueous solution using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection and identified the resulting metabolites of pyraclostrobin by hydrolysis and photolysis in paddy water using high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography. The effect of solution pH, metal ions and surfactants on the hydrolysis of pyraclostrobin was explored. The hydrolysis half-lives of pyraclostrobin were 23.1–115.5?days and were stable in buffer solution at pH 5.0. The degradation rate of pyraclostrobin in an aqueous solution under sunlight was slower than that under UV photolysis reaction. The half-lives of pyraclostrobin in a buffer solution at pH 5.0, 7.0, 9.0 and in paddy water were less than 12?h under the two light irradiation types. The metabolites of the two processes were identified and compared to further understand the mechanisms underlying hydrolysis and photolysis of pyraclostrobin in natural water. The extracted ions obtained from paddy water were automatically annotated by Compound Discoverer software with manual confirmation of their fragments. Two metabolites were detected and identified in the pyraclostrobin hydrolysis, whereas three metabolites were detected and identified in the photolysis in paddy water.     

化学混凝法去除稠油废水中的硅

以新疆油田稠油废水为研究对象,采用化学混凝除硅方法对稠油废水进行处理。实验结果表明:采用锌复合混凝剂的混凝、软化及镁剂除硅相结合的方法具有较好的除硅效果。确定了最佳除硅配方:NaOH的加入量为500~600mg/L,除硅剂MgCl2.6H2O的加入量为700~800mg/L,锌复合混凝剂加入量为100~150mg/L,处理后废水中SiO2的质量浓度小于50mg/L,达到热采锅炉的用水标准。     

黄钠铁矾渣制备透明氧化铁黄的研究

研究了以黄钠铁矾渣为原料,采用滴加法制备透明铁黄的工艺条件,讨论了亚铁浓度、温度、通气量、搅拌速度及添加剂用量等因素对铁黄制备的影响.用XRD和TEM对产品进行表征.结果表明,铁黄粒子呈针状;长轴为95～125 nm,短轴为18～25 nm;无团聚现象,单分散性好.     

预处理后的活性污泥对锌吸附的研究

剩余活性污泥处理是当今的热点问题,从活性污泥资源化的角度出发,将活性污泥加工成为锌离子的生物吸附剂,比较了8种方法预处理后的活性污泥对锌的吸附效果,分析了这8种方法对污泥吸附能力的影响机理.对经过NaOH和H2O2处理的污泥的吸附特性和影响因素进行了研究,结果表明该吸附过程符合Psemio-seconal Order吸附动力学模型及Freunomch吸附等温模型,低pH不利于吸附,适当提高温度可以增强吸附效果,增加污泥吸附剂浓度可以增加金属离子去除率,但是单位质量吸附剂吸附金属离子的量减小.用红外光谱对比的手段对吸附机理进行了探讨,结果表明污泥颗粒表面一些含氮氧的基团对zn.'的络合作用是主要的吸附机理.该研究在污泥资源化和废水中锌离子的去除方面有重要意义.     

美国公共管理面面观——在伊利诺伊州芝加哥市感受美国

美国政府的公共管理是建立在美国特有的政治制度和经济体制的基础上的。 美国的政府体系是由联邦、州和地方政府三个层级组成的联邦制政府体系,它们分别具有各自独立的政府权威和管辖领域．实行多中心治理和法定分权体制。联邦政府由立法机构、行政机构和司法机构三个分支组成,实行三权分立的政治体制。