A comprehensive review on green buildings research: bibliometric analysis during 1998–2018

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Buildings account for nearly 2/5ths of global energy expenditure. Due to this figure, the 90s witnessed the rise of green buildings (GBs) that were...     

Tuning the fill percentage in the hydrothermal synthesis process to increase catalyst performance for ozone decomposition

The performance of Ce-OMS-2 catalysts was improved by tuning the fill percentage in the hydrothermal synthesis process to increase the oxygen vacancy density. The Ce-OMS-2 samples were prepared with different fill percentages by means of a hydrothermal approach (i.e. 80%, 70%, 50% and 30%). Ce-OMS-2 with 80% fill percentage (Ce-OMS-2-80%) showed ozone conversion of 97%, and a lifetime experiment carried out for more than 20?days showed that the activity of the catalyst still remained satisfactorily high (91%). For Ce-OMS-2-80%, Mn ions in the framework as well as K ions in the tunnel sites were replaced by Ce⁴⁺, while for the others only Mn ions were replaced. O₂-TPD and H₂-TPR measurements proved that the Ce-OMS-2-80% catalyst possessed the greatest number of mobile surface oxygen species. XPS and XAFS showed that increasing the fill percentage can reduce the AOS of Mn and augment the amount of oxygen vacancies. The active sites, which accelerate the elimination of O₃, can be enriched by increasing the oxygen vacancies. These findings indicate that increasing ozone removal can be achieved by tuning the fill percentage in the hydrothermal synthesis process.     

Effect of NOx and SO2 on the photooxidation of methylglyoxal: Implications in secondary aerosol formation

Methylglyoxal(CH_3COCHO,MG),which is one of the most abundant α-dicarbonyl compounds in the atmosphere,has been reported as a major source of secondary organic aerosol(SOA).In this work,the reaction of MG with hydroxyl radicals was studied in a 500 L smog chamber at(293±3) K,atmospheric pressure,(18±2)% relative humidity,and under different NOx and SO_2.Particle size distribution was measured by using a scanning mobility particle sizer(SMPS) and the results showed that the addition of SO_2 can promote SOA formation,while different NOx concentrations have different influences on SOA production.High NOx suppressed the SOA formation,whereas the particle mass concentration,particle number concentration and particle geometric mean diameter increased with the increasing NOx concentration at low NOx concentration in the presence of SO_2.In addition,the products of the OH-initiated oxidation of MG and the functional groups of the particle phase in the MG/OH/SO_2 and MG/OH/NOx/SO_2 reaction systems were detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and attenuated total reflection fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR) analysis.Two products,glyoxylic acid and oxalic acid,were detected by GC-MS.The mechanism of the reaction of MG and OH radicals that follows two main pathways,H atom abstraction and hydration,is proposed.Evidence is provided for the formation of organic nitrates and organic sulfate in particle phase from IR spectra.Incorporation of NOx and SO_2 influence suggested that SOA formation from anthropogenic hydrocarbons may be more efficient in polluted environment.     

Recent advances in catalytic decomposition of ozone

Ozone (O₃), as a harmful air pollutant, has been of wide concern. Safe, efficient, and economical O₃ removal methods urgently need to be developed. Catalytic decomposition is the most promising method for O₃ removal, especially at room temperature or even subzero temperatures. Great efforts have been made to develop high-efficiency catalysts for O₃ decomposition that can operate at low temperatures, high space velocity and high humidity. First, this review describes the general reaction mechanism of O₃ decomposition on noble metal and transition metal oxide catalysts. Then, progress on the O₃ decomposition performance of various catalysts in the past 30 years is summarized in detail. The main focus is the O₃ decomposition performance of manganese oxides, which are divided into supported manganese oxides and non-supported manganese oxides. Methods to improve the activity, stability, and humidity resistance of manganese oxide catalysts for O₃ decomposition are also summarized. The deactivation mechanisms of manganese oxides under dry and humid conditions are discussed. The O₃ decomposition performance of monolithic catalysts is also summarized from the perspective of industrial applications. Finally, the future development directions and prospects of O₃ catalytic decomposition technology are put forward.     

Facile synthesis of Ag-modified manganese oxide for effective catalytic ozone decomposition

O₃ decomposition catalysts with excellent performance still need to be developed. In this study, Ag-modified manganese oxides (AgMnO_x) were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method. The effect of calcination temperature on the activity of MnO_x and AgMnO_x catalysts was investigated. The effect of the amount of Ag addition on the activity and structure of the catalysts was further studied by activity testing and characterization by a variety of techniques. The activity of 8%AgMnO_x for ozone decomposition was significantly enhanced due to the formation of the Ag_1.8Mn₈O₁₆ structure, indicating that this phase has excellent performance for ozone decomposition. The weight content of Ag_1.8Mn₈O₁₆ in the 8%AgMnO_x catalyst was only about 33.76%, which further indicates the excellent performance of the Ag_1.8Mn₈O₁₆ phase for ozone decomposition. The H₂ temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) results indicated that the reducibility of the catalysts increased due to the formation of the Ag_1.8Mn₈O₁₆ structure. This study provides guidance for a follow-up study on Ag-modified manganese oxide catalysts for ozone decomposition.     

围垦养殖对中国典型滨海湿地土壤真菌多样性及群落结构影响

本研究以我国黄河口碱蓬湿地、九龙江口桐花树湿地、东寨港木榄湿地为研究样地,借助高通量测序技术探究这3个典型滨海湿地围垦养殖前、后土壤真菌多样性及群落结构的变化.结果表明：①不同地域湿地围垦养殖对土壤真菌群落多样性及丰富度影响表现不一致.九龙江口桐花树湿地围垦后,土壤真菌多样性及丰富度有所下降;黄河口碱蓬湿地和东寨港木榄湿地围垦后土壤真菌多样性及丰富度显著增加;②子囊菌门（Ascomycota）在湿地围垦养殖前、后土壤中均为优势真菌门,但其相对丰度在围垦后显著下降;③湿地围垦养殖改变了土壤真菌属水平群落组成,黄河口湿地围垦后,未出现翅孢壳属（Emericellopsis）、毛霉属（Mucor）、枝顶孢属（Acremonium）;九龙江口和东寨港湿地围垦后,青霉属（Penicillium）相对丰度显著下降,并新增了镰刀菌属（Fusarium）,九龙江口湿地围垦后还新增了链格孢属（Alternaria）;④环境因子与湿地土壤真菌相对丰度存在一定程度的相关性,青霉属（Penicillium）与容重呈显著负相关（p<0.05）,与pH呈显著负相关（p<0.01）,与有机碳呈显著正相关（p<0.01）;翅孢壳属（Emericellopsis）与容重和pH呈显著正相关（p<0.05）,与有机碳呈显著负相关（p<0.01）.     

Cracking the Achilles’ heel of energy performance contracting projects: the credit risk identification method for clients

ABSTRACT

A credit risk identification model is established to examine the credit status of Energy performance contracting (EPC) project clients (i.e., energy-using companies) in China based on rough set theory. The model is verified with data from 120 listed companies at different times. Study shows that lack of credit is one of the main obstacles to the implementation of EPC projects, and information asymmetry is the main reason for this lack of credit among potential clients in China. The credit risk identification method based on rough set theory can make up for the shortcomings of existing EPC projects in terms of credit risk identification, including redundant information and indicators, and unclear decision rules. Credit risk identification indicators of clients are dynamic. The research results can help energy service companies (ESCOs) determine the credit status of clients, facilitate cooperation between ESCOs and clients, and help explain the various dynamics of clients’ credit risk identification indicators over time.     

BPA暴露对本体和子代胰岛β细胞转录组差异对比分析

双酚A(BPA)作为一种典型的环境内分泌干扰物,与二型糖尿病和肥胖症等代谢类疾病密切相关.在这项研究中,旨在探讨BPA直接暴露以及围产期暴露对本体和子代胰岛β细胞影响的差异,从而实现对不同易感人群的精准预防与治疗.通过对GEO数据库中GSE126297和GSE82175两个数据集进行分析,共筛选出108个共有的差异基因...     

军用S-4烟幕酸雾污染的清除

提出了环保型军事训练的概念，针对大量使用的S-4烟幕的严重污染，构建了基于引射技术利用碳酸钠细粉和直接通过三通阀利用氨水的2种清除方法。通过实验确定，碳酸钠的最佳粒径为150目过筛，不同浓度氨水均有好的清除效果，碳酸钠、氨的最佳用量分别为S-4发烟剂的1．35和0.433倍。     

四川盆地一次污染过程的WRF模式参数化方案最优配置

精准的气象场是空气质量模型的基础,本文对中尺度气象模式WRF(The Weather Research and Forecasting)中微物理过程方案、陆面过程方案、行星边界层方案以及积云参数化方案进行组合,设计了24组参数化方案,对2014年5月初四川盆地内一次空气重污染过程中的气象场进行了模拟,将模拟输出的10 m风速、2 m温度、2 m相对湿度、水汽混合比廓线及位温廓线与研究区内14个气象站及1个探空站的实测数据进行对比.结果表明,Mellor-Yamada-Janjic(MYJ)边界层方案能更好的模拟出盆地内风速的变化趋势,而Yonsei University(YSU)边界层方案模拟的2 m相对湿度效果更优.第16组参数化方案(由WRF Single-Moment 3-class(WSM3)方案,热扩散(SLAB)方案、Mellor-Yamada-Janjic(MYJ)方案及Grell-Devenyi(GD)方案组合)能够较好地模拟盆地近地面风场的水平分布及风速的日变化规律,模拟的温度日变化规律更贴合实际情况,同时能够模拟出边界层内水汽混合比及位温的垂直分布特征,对边界层内逆温层和混合层的模拟也更加贴近实际,尽管该方案对2m相对湿度的模拟并不是最好,但基本能够模拟出四川盆地气象要素的变化特征,因此认为第16组参数化方案(WSM3,SLAB,MYJ及GD)适用于模拟此次重污染过程的气象场.