六盘水市循环经济的发展与对策研究

本文阐述了发展循环经济的理论基础及实践意义,论述了当前六盘水市发展循环经济的重要性,对六盘水市发展循环经济的目标及实施对策进行了探讨。     

新发展阶段我国企业水信息披露评价研究

推动绿色发展,促进人与自然和谐共生是我国社会主义建设新时期的重点方向与方略。绿水青山就是金山银山,水信息披露作为治理企业水污染的首要环节、重要手段,在国内还未充分引起企业与有关部门的重视。本文通过构建中国上市公司水信息披露指标体系,弥补了我国多年来在水信息披露评价体系中的不足。基于该指标体系,结合三维度打分法、层次分析法和内容分析法,本研究人工搜集整理既往企业水信息并从披露整体情况、披露水平以及披露内容三个方面分析了我国上市企业水信息披露现状。结果表明,现阶段我国企业水信息披露还存在披露程度低、披露差异明显、披露内容可靠性不强等问题,其根源来自政府政策滞后、社会面监督不充分、企业战略缺失等因素。为此,本文从健全水信息披露框架、完善法律制度、落实法律监督、建立新闻发布制度、引导金融机构参与等方面为推动企业水信息披露提供建议。     

水环境中铬的存在形态及迁移转化规律

综合评述了水环境中铬的存在形态、污染特征及其迁移转化规律的研究现状.水体中铬主要是三价和六价,存在形态分为溶解态、离子交换态、有机结合态、无机沉淀态、残留态,迁移转化过程主要是水解、沉淀、络合、吸附和氧化还原等.对铬在水体中迁移和转化过程的动力学模型进行了论述.     

腐殖酸对砂质土壤吸附Cr(VI)的影响

利用系列摇瓶振荡实验,研究了在砂质土壤介质中腐殖酸(HA)对Cr(VI)还原作用及增强土壤表面对其吸附的影响.通过改变反应接触时间、pH值、HA投加量等条件,确定了最佳吸附反应条件.结果表明:砂质土壤中存在HA时,可使Cr(VI)还原为毒性较小的Cr(Ⅲ),明显增强土壤对可溶态Cr离子的吸附能力,比同等条件下无HA的土壤吸附量增大1倍以上.一般整个反应过程约8 h即可达到稳定.pH值对Cr的还原和吸附有很大的影响,酸性条件下的吸附量比碱性条件可增大1倍,最佳pH值为2～4;当pH＞5时吸附能力急剧下降,pH=10时吸附去除量降为20%.有HA存在时砂质土壤土对Cr(VI)的吸附反应为一级动力学反应,K298=0.033 5 min-1,砂土对CrO2-4的等温吸附曲线较好地满足Langmuir公式.     

黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)对3种酚酸物质的降解作用

研究黄孢原毛平革菌(P.chrysosporium)对香草酸、阿魏酸、对羟基苯甲酸的降解作用.结果表明,300 μg/mL的上述3种酚酸物质与黄孢原毛平革菌共培养2 d后,3种酚酸物质的降解率分别达到73.48%、99.09%和54.74%.黄孢原毛平革菌发酵上清液对3种酚酸物质的降解能力较弱,作用2 d后,降解率分别为13.28%,4.47%和5.43%,而该菌菌丝体降解能力很强,作用2 d后3种酚酸物质的降解率分别达到65%,98.37%和48.69%.研究表明,黄孢原毛平革菌对这3种酚酸的降解主要在菌体表面或体内进行.     

Establishment of a comprehensive analysis method for the microfaunal movement in activated sludge

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microfaunal identification and analysis are very complex; thus, an image analysis method was utilized in this paper to overcome the shortcomings of...     

Explanation of heavy metal pollution in coal mines of china from the perspective of coal gangue geochemical characteristics

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the process of coal gangue surface accumulation and underground filling disposal, the heavy metals contained in coal gangue will inevitably...     

The accounting method and application of CO2 emissions responsibility by the electricity sector at the provincial level in China

When accounting the CO₂ emissions responsibility of the electricity sector at the provincial level in China,it is of great significance to consider the scope of both producers’ and the consumers’ responsibility,since this will promote fairness in defining emission responsibility and enhance cooperation in emission reduction among provinces.This paper proposes a new method for calculating carbon emissions from the power sector at the provincial level based on the shared responsibility principle and taking into account interregional power exchange.This method can not only be used to account the emission responsibility shared by both the electricity production side and the consumption side,but it is also applicable for calculating the corresponding emission responsibility undertaken by those provinces with net electricity outflow and inflow.This method has been used to account for the carbon emissions responsibilities of the power sector at the provincial level in China since 2011.The empirical results indicate that compared with the production-based accounting method,the carbon emissions of major power-generation provinces in China calculated by the shared responsibility accounting method are reduced by at least 10%,but those of other power-consumption provinces are increased by 20% or more.Secondly,based on the principle of shared responsibility accounting,Inner Mongolia has the highest carbon emissions from the power sector while Hainan has the lowest.Thirdly,four provinces,including Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,Hubei and Anhui,have the highest carbon emissions from net electricity outflow- 14 million t in 2011,accounting for 74.42% of total carbon emissions from net electricity outflow in China.Six provinces,including Hebei,Beijing,Guangdong,Liaoning,Shandong,and Jiangsu,have the highest carbon emissions from net electricity inflow- 11 million t in 2011,accounting for 71.44% of total carbon emissions from net electricity inflow in China.Lastly,this paper has estimated the emission factors of electricity consumption at the provincial level,which can avoid repeated calculations when accounting the emission responsibility of power consumption terminals（e.g.construction,automobile manufacturing and other industries）.In addition,these emission factors can also be used to account the emission responsibilities of provincial power grids.     

Removal of arsenic(III,V) by a granular Mn-oxide-doped Al oxide adsorbent: surface characterization and performance

In order to remove arsenic (As) from contaminated water, granular Mn-oxide-doped Al oxide (GMAO) was fabricated using the compression method with the addition of organic binder. The analysis results of XRD, SEM, and BET indicated that GMAO was microporous with a large specific surface area of 54.26 m^2/g, and it was formed through the aggregation of massive Al/Mn oxide nanoparticles with an amorphous pattern. EDX, mapping, FTIR, and XPS results showed the uniform distribution of Al/Mn elements and numerous hydroxyl groups on the adsorbent surface. Compression tests indicated a satisfactory mechanical strength of GMAO. Batch adsorption results showed that As(V) adsorption achieved equilibrium faster than As(III), whereas the maximum adsorption capacity of As(III) estimated from the Langmuir isotherm at 25 °C (48.52 mg/g) was greater than that of As(V) (37.94 mg/g). The As removal efficiency could be maintained in a wide pH range of 3~8. The presence of phosphate posed a significant adverse effect on As adsorption due to the competition mechanisms. In contrast, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ could favor As adsorption via cation-bridge involvement. A regeneration method was developed by using sodium hydroxide solution for As elution from saturated adsorbents, which permitted GMAO to keep over 75% of its As adsorption capacity even after five adsorption–regeneration cycles. Column experiments showed that the breakthrough volumes for the treatment of As(III)-spiked and As(V)-spiked water (As concentration = 100 μg/L) were 2224 and 1952, respectively. Overall, GMAO is a potential adsorbent for effectively removing As from As-contaminated groundwater in filter application.

     

超临界水氧化有机废水动力学分析

根据推流式超临界水氧化 (SCWO)反应器处理有机废水的动力学方程式 ,结合近年来超临界水氧化降解各种有机废水的实验研究情况 ,对超临界水氧化有机废水的反应动力学影响因素进行了综合分析 ,同时指出了该技术在有机废水处理中的应用优势和存在问题。