One-part alkali-activated slag binder for cemented fine tailings backfill: proportion optimization and properties evaluation

In this study, a one-part alkali-activated slag (AAS) composed of ground-granulated blast furnace slag, desulfurized gypsum, and hydrated lime is proposed as alternative to cement for the production of cemented fine tailings backfill (CFTB), which is an environmentally friendly binder consisting of 93.72 wt.% industrial solid waste. Results show that AAS with 67.83 wt.% slag, 25.92 wt.% desulfurized gypsum, and 6.25 wt.% hydrated lime yields the highest strength, which is 1.7–3.2 times that of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Aside from calcium silicate hydrate gel, appreciable quantity of ettringite characterized by interlocking needles structure and high bound water is also produced during the AAS hydration process. In addition, the hydration heat of the AAS binder is 48% less than that of OPC. Moreover, CFTB made of AAS provides better workability than that of CFTB with OPC up to 20 h. The findings of this study will contribute to the production of more cost-effective, durable, and environmental-friendly cemented fine tailings backfill.

     

What are the disease burden and its sensitivity analysis of workers exposing to Staphylococcus aureus bioaerosol during warm and cold periods in a wastewater treatment plant?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biological treatment in wastewater treatment plants releases high amounts of pathogenic bioaerosols. Quantitative microbial risk assessment is a...     

土石混合体地基系数支持向量机模型与应用∗

针对缺乏土石混合体地基系数评价模型这一现状,构建了基于支持向量机的土石混合体地基系数评价模型.该模型以土体弹性模量、泊松比以及块石含石率作为输入参数,地基系数作为输出参数.为建立训练数据,基于土石混合体弹性模量与泊松比计算模型,建立了FLAC3D平板载荷模型开展数值实验.基于数值实验数据,训练支持向量机模型并进行初步验证.将该支持向量机模型用于预测现场试验获得的土石混合体地基系数,进一步验证了该模型的合理性与准确性.通过敏感性分析发现,土体弹性模量对土石混合体地基系数的影响最大,其次为含石率.基于支持向量机模型,讨论了5种已有地基系数计算模型应用于土石混合体地基系数计算的可行性,确认了可用于评估土石混合体地基系数的显式模型.     

地震烈度包络线的遥感与GIS方法快速生成

地震烈度包络线通常用地面调查宏观地震影响和破坏现象来划分。本文介绍在完成国家“八五”科技攻关项目中，突破常规调查方法，采用遥感与ＧＩＳ技术，在室内针对震害遥感影像完成震害分类分级，进而通过人机对话完成地震烈度包络线的快速生成的方法和技术。运用该技术以唐山地震区作模拟试验表明：遥感与ＧＩＳ技术快速生成的高烈度包络线，不仅使大量实地调查变为室内遥感应用分析，时效提高了１０倍，而且其轮廓形状更趋客观实际。     

高浓度硝基苯类生产废水物化-生化处理试验研究

采用Fenton法氧化-微电解-厌氧序批式反应(ASBR)-好氧序批式反应(SBR)的工艺流程,处理高浓度硝基苯类生产废水进行试验研究。结果表明,进水硝基苯浓度1300mg/L,COD浓度12480mg/L,pH为2.8时,投加H2O2量为3.3g/L,Fe2+为560mg/L,反应时间为90min,沉淀后上清液进行微电解反应60min并调节pH=8.0,沉淀后再进入ASBR反应器和SBR反应器,硝基苯去除率可达99.4%,COD去除率达94.4%。     

恒液位推流式改良SBR工艺处理生活污水

通过对恒液位推流式改良SBR工艺处理生活污水工程应用的研究,结果表明:恒液位推流式改良SBR工艺在降低工程成本和减少设备量的同时能较好的去除污水中的污染物,具有良好的脱氮除磷效果,COD去除率可达85%~93%;TP的去除率可达84%;TN的去除率可达82%。     

Emissions trading of global and local pollutants, pollution havens and free riding

In the presence of local (sulfur) and global (carbon) pollutants, we examine the pollution haven hypothesis and free riding behavior. Under domestic emissions trading, poorer Southern countries become pollution havens when free trade opens up whenever sulfur damage functions are linear or when sulfur levels in equilibrium are not higher in the South. With global trading of carbon permits, the pollution haven effect emerges in equilibrium whenever the convex sulfur damage functions are nonlinear. Countries that do not participate in a Global Protocol designed to reduce carbon emissions enjoy double benefits, stemming from free riding and cleaner local environments.     

高浓度钻井废泥浆处理工艺的试验研究

为实现钻井泥浆无害化处理,提出了"酸化破胶-固液分离-催化氧化-微生物降解"的处理方法,并采用钻井现场废泥浆进行了系列试验研究。结果表明:泥浆密度调节为1.15 kg/dm3,酸化pH≤3,固液分离效果最佳;过滤分离后固相浸毒液达到国家排放标准;液相经Fenton氧化、微生物降解后,COD将降低到110 mg/L以下。该方法运行成本低,处理彻底无隐患,为进一步工业化试验奠定了基础。     

广西南部地区坡地桉树生长与气象因子的关系

采用偏相关、典型相关分析等方法,对广西南部地区2.5万hm2 2～8 a生桉树(Eucalyptus)的平均胸径、平均树高、单位蓄积量等生长指标与该地区的气象因子的关系进行分析,研究制约坡地桉树生长的主要因素.结果表明:(1)该地区桉树生长与气候因子间存在着较密切的相关关系,其中成年桉树的树高和单位蓄积量生长主要受最冷月平均气温、年平均气温和年降雨量的影响;(2)胸径生长受气象因子的影响较小;(3)4 a生桉树受最冷月气温、年平均气温影响较大;(4)2 a生桉树幼林平均胸径与最冷月平均气温呈极显著正相关,而与年平均气温、年降雨量呈显著正相关关系; (5)尽管降水量丰富,但由于坡地特殊的地形,年降水量仍然是制约广西南部坡地桉树人工林的主要限制因子;(6)广西南部地区太阳辐射较大,不是制约桉树生长的主要因素,故在采用3-PG模型预测桉树生长状况时,太阳辐射不是关键参数.     

Enhanced anaerobic treatment of CSTR-digested effluent from chicken manure: The effect of ammonia inhibition

The effect of ammonia inhibition was evaluated during the enhanced anaerobic treatment of digested effluent from a 700 m³ chicken-manure continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). A 12.3 L internal circulation (IC) reactor inoculated with an anaerobic granular sludge and operated at 35 ± 1 °C was employed for the investigation. With a corresponding organic loading rate of 1.5-3.5 kg-COD/m³ d over a hydraulic retention time of 1.5 d, a maximum volumetric biogas production rate of 1.2 m³/m³ d and TCOD (total COD) removal efficiency ranging from 70% to 80% was achieved. However, the continual increase in the influent TAN content led to ammonia inhibition in the methanogenesis system. The SCOD/TAN (soluble COD/total ammonia nitrogen) ratio was presented to be the key controlling factor for the anaerobic treatment of semi-digested chicken manure, and further validation through shock loading and ammonia inhibition experiments was conducted. The threshold value of the SCOD/TAN ratio was determined to be 2.4 (corresponding to a TAN of 1250 mg/L) at an influent pH of 8.5-9.