Distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue biochar used for ammonium sorption and its effect on ammonium leaching from an Ultisol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this work was to explore the potential application of biochar from distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue pyrolyzed at...     

Fuzzy programming method for multi-objective optimal allocation of sediment resources and the cooperative bargaining: a case study in Weishan irrigation area,China

The optimal allocation of sediment resources needs to balance three objectives including ecological, economic, and social benefits so as to realize sustainable development of sediment resources. This study aims to apply fuzzy programming and bargaining approaches to solve the problem of optimal allocation of sediment resources. Firstly, Pareto-optimal solutions of multi-objective optimization were introduced, and the multi-objective optimal allocation model of sediment resources and fuzzy programming model was constructed. Then, from the perspective of multiplayer cooperation, the optimal allocation model of sediment resources was transformed into a game model by using Nash bargaining, and Nash bargaining solution was obtained as the optimal equilibrium strategy. Finally, the influence of different disagreement utility points and bargaining weights on the results was discussed, and the results of Nash bargaining and fuzzy programming methods were compared and analyzed. Results corroborate that Nash bargaining can achieve the cooperative optimization of multiple objectives with competitive relationship and obtain satisfactory scheme. Disagreement utility points and bargaining weights have a certain impact on the optimization results. The solution of fuzzy programming is close to that of Nash bargaining, which provides different ideas for multi-objective optimization problem.

     

Evaluation of combined developmental neurological toxicity of di (n-butyl) phthalates and lead using immature mice

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, the immature mice were taken to assess the potential neurological toxicity of lead (Pb) and di (n-butyl) phthalates (DBP) combination...     

Impact of human activities on coastal groundwater pollution in the Yang-Dai River plain,northern China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Overexploitation of groundwater has resulted in seawater intrusion in many semiarid and arid coastal areas. This study illustrates the origin of...     

生物炭和碳纳米管固定化漆酶去除水体雌二醇

漆酶是一类具有高效的催化氧化能力的含铜多酚的氧化酶,而固定化漆酶技术在有机废水处理领域受到了越来越多的关注。通过比较吸附法和包埋法利用木炭(WB)、竹炭(BB)和碳纳米管(CNT)固定游离漆酶去除水体雌二醇(E2)。在25 °C 、pH=5条件下,固定化漆酶经120 h 贮存仍保留80%的活性。经过5次循环研究,固载的漆酶仍保留了27%~58%的剩余活性。结合扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱,证实了漆酶成功地负载在碳基材料上。仅在 8 h内,50 mg·L⁻¹ E2通过吸附法制备的WB、BB、CNT固定化漆酶去除了42.92%、47.66%、43.92%,而包埋法制备的WB、BB、CNT固定化漆酶分别去除84.08%、87.20%、87.86%。结果表明,包埋法固定化漆酶对E2的去除效率更优,这是由于包埋固载在生物炭和CNT的漆酶更为稳定。此外,K⁺和Mn²⁺离子可能通过干扰漆酶的电子传递过程影响漆酶的活性,从而抑制E2的去除。本研究旨在为固定化漆酶在有机废水处理的实际应用提供指导。     

催化湿式氧化处理机械加工工业废水的研究

利用担载的双金属活性组分催化剂，考察了反应温度、压力、进料空速和污水pH等条件对催化湿式氧化处理某厂机械加工废水效果的影响。对于该厂的混合废水，在反应温度260℃，反应压力6．6MPa，空速为2．0h^-1，pH为3条件下处理后的废水CODCr去除率为90．2％。考察了助剂H2O2、絮凝剂对处理废水效果的影响和各种联用技术对废水的处理效果。     

PM10冲击采样器切割头设计参数对切割粒径的影响

本文从颗粒在气流中的受力情况分析入手 ,得到冲击采样器中喷嘴喷出后颗粒的运动轨迹方程以及运动轨迹与采样器切割头设计参数的关系式。分析了PM10空气采样器的切割原理 ,并利用数值计算研究颗粒在不同的流量、喷嘴尺寸及喷嘴与冲击板的距离下的运动轨迹 ,从而得到切割头设计参数对切割粒径的影响     

Single particle mass spectrometry of oxalic acid in ambient aerosols in Shanghai: Mixing state and formation mechanism

Oxalic acid in individual aerosol particles was measured using single particle aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ATOFMS) in the summer of 2007 in Shanghai, China. Oxalate was found in 3.4% of total particles with diameters in the range of 0.2 – 2.0 μm. Size, chemical composition and hourly temporal counts of single particles that contained oxalic acid were measured. The predominant types of oxalate-containing particles were characterized to distinguish the primary and secondary sources of oxalic acid. Biomass burning was revealed as a major primary source of oxalic acid which contributed more than 20% of the oxalate-containing particles. Evidences for two different formation pathways of oxalic acid were observed in our experiment. The number fraction of oxalate-containing particles correlated with that of sulfate particles and the changes of air parcel backward trajectories, suggesting that in-cloud processing played important roles in oxalic acid formation. The diurnal patterns of dust and sea salt particle counts fitted well with the ambient relative humidity variation, suggesting that heterogeneous reactions occurring in hydrated/deliquesced aerosols also contributed to the production of oxalic acid.     

用大型底栖动物对武汉南湖水质的生物学评价

2003年6月至2004年5月季度性调查武汉南湖大型底栖动物的种类组成,并对水质理化指标进行测定.结果表明,大型底栖动物由寡毛类和水生昆虫组成,密度为4 437个/m2,优势种为霍甫水丝蚓和刺铗长足摇蚊;大型底栖动物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margelef多样性指数表明南湖水质为中等污染状态;历年夏季水体中主要营养元素含量的变化,进一步描述了近年来南湖富营养化的加剧进程.     

城市危险化学品事故统计分析与对策

通过对2002-2004年发生在中国内地12个主要城市的435起非爆炸品类危险化学品事故统计分析,发现:(1)危险化学品事故总体呈进一步发展趋势;(2)处于城市生活区的化工企业发生危险化学品事故对城市的影响最大;(3)危险化学品在运输阶段,发生事故的比例最高;(4)民用燃气是造成使用阶段危险化学品事故的主要危险源,而人为失误和违规操作是民用燃气类危险化学品事故的主要原因.在统计分析基础上提出了相应的对策.