Microplastic pollution in freshwater systems in Southeast Asia: contamination levels,sources, and ecological impacts

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plastics are synthetic polymers known for their outstanding durability and versatility, and have replaced traditional materials in many applications....     

Analysis of China’s carbon emission driving factors based on the perspective of eight major economic regions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Low-carbon transition has gradually become the focus of research on environmental issues. This paper takes China’s eight major economic regions...     

Effects of sludge retention time, carbon and initial biomass concentrations on selection process: From activated sludge to polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulating cultures

Four sequence batch reactors (SBRs) fed by fermented sugar cane wastewater were continuously operated under the aerobic dynamic feeding (ADF) mode with different configurations of sludge retention time (SRT), carbon and initial biomass concentrations to enrich polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) accumulating mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) from municipal activated sludge. The stability of SBRs was investigated besides the enrichment performance. The microbial community structures of the enriched MMCs were analyzed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The optimum operating conditions for the enrichment process were: SRT of 5 days, carbon concentration of 2.52 g COD/L and initial biomass concentration of 3.65 g/L. The best enrichment performance in terms of both operating stability and PHA storage ability of enriched cultures (with the maximum PHA content and PHA storage yield (Y_PHA/S) of 61.26% and 0.68 mg COD/mg COD, respectively) was achieved under this condition. Effects of the SRT, carbon concentration and initial biomass concentration on the PHA accumulating MMCs selection process were discussed respectively. A new model including the segmentation of the enrichment process and the effects of SRT on each phase was proposed.     

Mesoporous carbon nanomaterials induced pulmonary surfactant inhibition, cytotoxicity, inflammation and lung fibrosis

Environmental exposure and health risk upon engineered nanomaterials are increasingly concerned. The family of mesoporous carbon nanomaterials(MCNs) is a rising star in nanotechnology for multidisciplinary research with versatile applications in electronics,energy and gas storage, and biomedicine. Meanwhile, there is mounting concern on their environmental health risks due to the growing production and usage of MCNs. The lung is the primary site for particle invasion under environmental exposure to nanomaterials. Here, we studied the comprehensive toxicological profile of MCNs in the lung under the scenario of moderate environmental exposure. It was found that at a low concentration of 10 μg/mL MCNs induced biophysical inhibition of natural pulmonary surfactant. Moreover, MCNs at similar concentrations reduced viability of J774 A.1 macrophages and lung epithelial A549 cells.Incubating with nature pulmonary surfactant effectively reduced the cytotoxicity of MCNs.Regarding the pro-inflammatory responses, MCNs activated macrophages in vitro, and stimulated lung inflammation in mice after inhalation exposure, associated with lung fibrosis.Moreover, we found that the size of MCNs played a significant role in regulating cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory potential of this nanomaterial. In general, larger MCNs induced more pronounced cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects than their smaller counterparts. Our results provided valuable information on the toxicological profile and environmental health risks of MCNs, and suggested that fine-tuning the size of MCNs could be a practical precautionary design strategy to increase safety and biocompatibility of this nanomaterial.     

炼化企业VOCs排放现状及治理对策

简要介绍了挥发性有机物(VOCs)的定义及危害,分析了炼化企业的VOCs排放现状,并简要介绍了VOCs有组织和无组织排放的种类。介绍了中国石化济南分公司延迟焦化装置和柴油加氢装置针对有组织排放和无组织排放开展的各种治理措施及LDAR检测开展情况。     

低中放处置场环境评价参数灵敏度分析

选取90Sr、239Pu和14C为代表核素,采用单参数变分法对某低中水平放射性固体废物处置场环境影响评价中与核素迁移相关的主要评价参数开展了参数灵敏度分析.分析结果表明:对于低中放处置场而言,环境影响评价模式中主要评价参数的选择对最终评价结果的影响很大,因此在环境影响评价中开展不确定度及敏感度分析是必要的.     

黑龙江及周边中强震前不同参数模型矩加速释放(AMR)现象特征分析

应用时间破裂分析方程中表征地震距释放程度的m值,选取不同空间尺度进行时空扫描研究,得到震前1年以每2个月为时间间隔的空间m值随时间变化的分布图像,运用不同参数设置计算了地震前Benioff累积应变释放特征。通过对比这些变化找出研究区内m值空间分布搜索主震破裂点扫描效果较好的参数模型,尝试性地给出了"矩释放程度空间扫描"方法应用于地震预测的经验指标。并结合与矩加速释放具有相同物理机制的加卸载响应比(Load/Unload Response Ratio)方法进行综合分析,利用这两种方法对地震进行中短期预测,达到两种方法互相检验、相互辅助的目的。考虑到本文仅对6个震例进行研究,无法给出具有统计显著性的结论,所以仍需结合其他方法进行点、线、面的综合分析。     

煤矿甲烷涌出量估算方法及分类涌出系数研究

介绍了煤矿甲烷宏观涌出量的估算方法,选择使用原煤产量法,以煤矿甲烷的相对涌出量为基础,建立了"产量-涌出量函数模型",得到三种不同类型矿井煤矿甲烷的分类涌出系数。     

压缩天然气加气站日常运营环境影响分析——以洛阳市某加气站为例

鉴于压缩天然气(CNG)加气站日常运行对周边环境影响的高风险状态,文章依据洛阳市某CNG加气站生产运营状况,对其运营过程中可能造成的环境影响进行预测、评析,并提出了合理的防范措施。     

道化学公司指数法在罐区安全评价中的应用

采用道化学公司火灾、爆炸危险指数法对中国石化某厂综合储罐区进行安全评价,得出了其安全措施补偿前后的火灾、爆炸指数（F＆EI）、危险等级、暴露半径、暴露面积以及暴露体积等。结果表明,该企业综合储罐区采取的安全措施较为适用,能降低火灾、爆炸事故发生的概率和事故损害．