碱性固硫剂的固硫效果分析

本文描述了各种碱性氧化物固硫效果选择实验结果,论述了煤种,燃烧温度、钙/硫比、Fe_2O_3对固硫效果的影响。     

夏季太湖梅梁湾水体中细菌的群落结构

利用高通量测序技术,选择16S rRNA V6区作为目标片段,对夏季太湖梅梁湾水体中的细菌群落结构进行了分析,结果表明,共产生了101 427条优质序列,细菌为100 935条,占99.5%;在蓝藻暴发期间,共检测到14门,55属,610个操作分类单位。优势门类为蓝藻门(39.7%),放线菌门(27.2%)和变形菌门(23.4%),微囊藻属(21.0%)和聚球藻属(15.9%)为主要优势种。     

县级土地利用动态监测技术系统研究——以包头市郊区县为例

准确把握县级土地利用及其变化状况具有重大意义。结合国家“九五”重点课题“包头市郊区县土地利用动态监测技术系统”,介绍了遥感、全球定位系统和地理信息系统在县级土地利用动态监测中的集成理论和方法。研究结果表明,遥感发现了全县土地利用变化靶区的９６２％；ＧＰＳ的数据采集方法、“假５４”解算方法和“２Ｄ异常数据”处理方法提高了数据精度和处理效率；相对于传统的土地变更调查方法,整个系统带来了２０多倍的质量-经济效益。最后讨论了建立地区ＲＳ判别模型、多时态地理信息系统等问题。     

深圳福田红树林无瓣海桑与海桑群落的重金属累积和循环

研究了深圳福田红树林无瓣海桑与海桑群落对重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni元素的吸收、累积、分布和循环.结果表明,该林地表层土壤(0～30cm)Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni元素的储量关系为Zn＞Pb＞Ni＞Cr＞Cu;群落中3种植物对土壤中5种重金属元素富集能力的大小依次为海桑＞无瓣海桑＞秋茄.该群落Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni的现存累积量分别为:23019.61、23429.65、117870.41、6835.79、12995.08μg/m²;年吸收量分别为:6592.20、266     

Characterization of depth-related microbial communities in lake sediment by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of amplified 16S rRNA fragments

The characterization of microbial communities of different depth sediment samples was examined by a culture-independent method and compared with physicochemical parameters, those are organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, pH and redox potential （Eh）. Total genomic DNA was extracted from samples derived from different depths. After they were amplified with the GC-341 f/907r primer sets of partial bacterial 16S rRNA genes, the products were separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）. The profile of DGGE fingerprints of different depth sediment samples revealed that the community structure remained relatively stable along the entire 45 cm sediment core, however, principal-component analysis of DGGE patterns revealed that at greater sediment depths, successional shifts in community structure were evident. The principle coordinates analysis suggested that the bacterial communities along the sediment core could be separated into two groups, which were located 0-20 cm and 21-45 cm, respectively. The sequencing dominant bands demonstrated that the major phylogenetic groups identified by DGGE belonged to Bacillus, Bacterium, Brevibacillus, Exiguobacterium, γ-Proteobacterium, Acinetobacter sp. and some uncultured or unidentified bacteria. The results indicated the existence of highly diverse bacterial community in the lake sediment core.     

除磷工艺中含氧条件对聚磷菌种群结构影响研究

利用分子生物学技术直接从活性污泥样品中提取DNA,采用套式PCR技术对特征基因片断进行扩增,结合DGGE(变性浓度梯度凝胶电泳)分析活性污泥中微生物种群结构.研究了除磷工艺在正常运行情况下的微生态系统种群结构,并分析了微生物群落结构及行为特征.测定了活性污泥中变形杆菌(Proteobacteria)和产酸菌(Acidobacterium)部分菌种的16S rDNA V3区片段序列,通过NCBI(美国国立生物技术信息中心)基因库比对,初步确定了部分细菌的属.在厌氧/好氧和缺氧/好氧工艺中各类优势菌群变化规律研究表明,在除磷效果稳定的情况下,系统中除磷微生物种群结构大致能保持不变,少数数量或种类发生变化的种群与系统中含氧量变化有关,但是处于动态变化中的菌群结构总体能够适应工艺运行环境.     

Isolation of a Pseudomonas Stutzeri strain that degrades 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and characterization of its degradative plasmid

The genetic information encoding metabolic pathways for xenobiotic compounds in bacteria often resides on catabolic plasmids. The aim of the present work was to know the location of the genes for degrading 1,2,4-trichlorobenzen. In this paper a 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene-degrading strain THSL-1 was isolated from the soil of Tianjin Chemical Plant using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as the sole carbon source. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri through morphologic survey and 16S rDNA sequence determination. A plasmid was discovered from strain THSL-1 by using the alkali lysis method. When the plasmid was transformed into E. coli. JM109 by the CaCl₂ method, the transformant could grow using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as the sole carbon source and had the degradation function of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Therefore, it could be deemed that the plasmid carried the degradative genes of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. The average size of the plasmid was finally determined to be 40.2 Kb using selectively three kinds of restricted inscribed enzymes (HindIII, BamHI, and XholI) for single cutting and double cutting the plasmid pTHSL-1, respectively. __________ Translated from China Environmental Science, 2005, 25(4): 385–388 [译自: 中国环境科学]     

应用PCR-DGGE技术分析黄海冷水团海域的细菌群落组成

利用PCR-DGGE技术对2个季节(2006-04和2006-10)的黄海冷水团海域的细菌群落组成和优势菌群进行了分析.通过软件Glyko Bandscan分析DGGE图谱,4月份所有站位的条带数相近(约17条),多样性丰富;10月份,在冷水团范围以内站位的条带约16条,其多样性也较丰富;而在冷水团范围以外站位的条带少(约12条),其多样性较低.细菌16S rDNAV3区特征片段经DGGE分离、条带切割,共得到24条条带,克隆、测序后,进行系统进化分析,结果显示这24条带分别归属于2个细菌类群:变形细菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroides).在24条序列中有16条分别与变形细菌亚群的γ和δ-Proteobacteria相似,有5条与拟杆菌门相似.时空分析发现,4月份所有站位水体(海水温度为7-12℃)的细菌群落组成和10月份(冷水团存在期)冷水团内部水体(海水温度低于10℃)的细菌群落组成相同(都包括γ-Proteobacteria、δ-Proteobacteria和Bacteroides),与10月份冷水团外部水体(海水温度大于19℃)的(包括γ-Proteobacteria和Bacteroides)不同.优势菌群也存在同样的分布特点,4月份所有站位水体的优势菌群与10月份冷水团内部水体的优势菌群也相同(都是γ-Proteobacteria),而10月份冷水团外部水体不同的站位优势菌群不同.该海域细菌群落组成和优势菌群的分布特点,可能与冷水团的形成有一定的相关性.     

含酚工业废水处理的探讨

在好氧条件下，以活性污泥为载体固定ＰＳＢ菌体，处理含酚废水，可明显提高去酚能力．通过改变试验条件，使酚的去除率达９５％以上．     

Dynamic changes of microbial community diversity in a photohydrogen producing reactor monitored by PCR-DGGE

A PCR-DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction) protocol was used for monitoring the dynamic changes in the microbial population during photohydrogen production. Total DNA was extracted directly from the mixed bacterial community in the reactor and subjected to PCR with V3-16S rDNA and pufM gene primers, and the amplifications were then analyzed by DGGE. The DGGE patterns demonstrated the dynamics of community structure and the shift of microbial diversity, which correspond...