辉河自然保护区植被及植物区系组成

本文报道了辉河自然保护区植被分共及其分布，组合特点、生态条件，植被类型组成、植物类群组成、生活型组成、水分生态类型及区系地理成分等调查成果。     

塔北、塔中天然气中CO_2的碳同位素组成及成因探讨

CO2 是塔北、塔中天然气中常见的非烃组分。各油气区内的天然气中CO2 的δ13C值尽管有差别 ,但其表征的成因意义基本一致。塔中天然气中的CO2 可能存在两种来源 ,一种来源于烃源岩岩石和矿物及胶结物分解 ;第二种来自二叠纪火山活动过程中的脱气。轮台凸起构造单元上油气藏 (除雅克拉外 )中CO2来自库车坳陷T -J陆相烃源岩中有机质转化。东河塘天然气中CO2 来自寒武 -奥陶海相碳酸盐岩岩石分解及泥岩中碳酸盐矿物分解     

Chemical speciation and anthropogenic sources of ambient volatile organic compounds(VOCs)during summer in Beijing,2004

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured at six sites in Beijing in August, 2004. Up to 148 VOC species, including C₃ to C₁₂ alkanes, C₃ to C₁₁ alkenes, C₆ to C₁₂ aromatics, and halogenated hydrocarbons, were quantified. Although the concentrations differed at the sites, the chemical compositions were similar, except for the Tongzhou site where aromatics were significantly high in the air. Based on the source profiles measured from previous studies, the source apportionment of ambient VOCs was preformed by deploying the chemical mass balance (CMB) model. The results show that urban VOCs are predominant from mobile source emissions, which contribute more than 50% of the VOCs (in mass concentrations) to ambient air at most sites. Other important sources are gasoline evaporation, painting, and solvents. The exception is at the Tongzhou site where vehicle exhaust, painting, and solvents have about equal contribution, around 35% of the ambient VOC concentration. As the receptor model is not valid for deriving the sources of reactive species, such as isoprene and 1,3-butadiene, other methodologies need to be further explored.     

成都市近地表大气尘的地球化学特征

通过对成都市近地表大气尘矿物组成、化学成分的分析,查明了成都市近地表大气尘矿物、元素的含量和空间分布特征。近地表大气尘主要矿物成分为石英、长石、伊利石、白云石,方解石。石膏等;近地表大气尘中重金属高值区主要在二环路内、黄田坝、琉璃厂和城东老工业区,部分元素呈明显污染郊区化趋势。与国内外其它城市街道灰尘及大气颗粒物重金属含量比较,总体上重金属含量相当,个别元素接近重工业城市水平。     

辽宁省降水化学组份分析

对辽宁省１９９１～１９９５年期间五城市降水中的化学组份进行了八种离子分析，研究了其时空分布，组成特征及变化规律．得出辽宁省存在降水污染的结论     

西藏雅鲁藏布江中、下游地区大气降水同位素分布特征

雅鲁藏布江中、下游地区的雨水方程为 :δD =7.54δ18O +1 5.92 ,表现出该地区为强烈蒸发特征。氢、氧同位素空间分布特征 :δD、δ18O东部高 ,西部低 ;氚值 (T)东部低 ,西部高 ,这与孟加拉湾降水云气的形成、动态运移过程及青藏高原的自然环境、气候条件有关。     

Mineralogical characterization of airborne individual particulates in Beijing PM10

This work mainly focuses on the mineralogical study of particulate matter（PM10） in Beijing. Samples were collected on polycarbonate filter from April, 2002 to March, 2003 in Beijing urban area. Scanning electronic microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray（SEM/EDX） was used to investigate individual mineral particles in Beijing PM10. 1454 individual mineral particulates from 48 samples were analysed by SEM/EDX. The results revealed that mineral particulates were complex and heterogeneous. 38 kinds of minerals in PM10 were identified. The clay minerals, of annual average percentage of 30.1%, were the main composition among the identified minerals, and illite/smectite was the main composition in clay minerals, reaching up to 35%. Annual average percentage of quartz, calcite, compound particulates, carbonates were 13.5%, 10.9%, 11.95%, 10.31%, respectively. Annual average percentage less than 10% were gypsum, feldspar, dolomite, and so on. Fluorite, apatite, halite, barite and chloridize zinc（ZnCl2） were firstly identified in Beijing PM10. Sulfurization was found on surface of mineral particles, suggested extensive atmospheric reaction in air during summer.     

我国各地膨润土化学组成及其矿床矿样间差异性

考察了我国各地膨润土的化学组成以及各类型矿床矿样间的差异性 ,并对膨润土各化学组分间的相关性进行了分析。研究表明 ,硅和铝相对含量的变化是控制膨润土化学成分最主要的因素 ,富镁环境有利于蒙脱石形成 ,钛含量在供试样品间差异较小     

中国河道外用水变化趋势分析

以1980、1993、1997三年的全国性河道外用水调查统计数据为依据 ,结合有关社经资料 ,全面系统分析了全国及各流域片的用水总量、用水组成、用水指标的变化趋势。从1980年至1997年 ,全国总用水量由4437亿m3 增加到5566亿m3,平均每年增加66 4亿m3,年均递增率为1 34 % ;用水组成有明显变化 ,农业用水比例由83 4 %下降到70 4 % ,工业用水比例由10 3 %上升到20 2% ,生活用水比例由6 3 %上升到9 4 % ;人均综合用水量变化不大 ,稳定在450m3左右 ;综合用水效率不断提高 ,万元GDP(1980年不变价)用水量由9820m3 下降到2410m3。     

The enantiomeric composition of monoterpene hydrocarbons in the defensive secretions ofNasutitermes termites (Isoptera): Inter- and intraspecific variations

Summary Frontal gland secretions of termite soldiers of the speciesNasutitermes costalis, N. ephratae, N. nigriceps, N. rippertii, andN. hubbardii were analyzed. The chiral compositions of the monoterpene hydrocarbons were investigated by means of two-dimensional gas chromatography. Two of them, 3-carene and-pinene were present in the form of (–)-enantiomers of high purity in the majority of the samples. The other monoterpenes,-pinene, camphene, sabinene, limonene, and-phellandrene, exhibited a great variation in the enantiopurity between different species.-Pinene and limonene varied significantly even between different colonies within the species.N. costalis was the only species with an invariable composition of the secretion, independent of the locality or origin.