加速我国环保产业的发展

简述了环保产业是未来世纪产业，介绍了国内外环保产业的现状及我国环保产业存在的问题，对发展我国环保产业提出了对策和建议。     

排放系数法估算污染物排放总量

掌握污染物总量动态变化情况，采用排放系统法进行估算是有效的方法。利用１９９５年上海乡镇工业污染调查数据对排放系数进行验证，说明应如何选用排放系数。     

Opportunities and constraints for Product-oriented Environmental Management Systems (P-EMS)

Product-oriented Environmental Management Systems (P-EMS) are a logical extension of current, often primarily process- of facility-oriented Environmental Management Systems. The Dutch government promotes P-EMS as part of its product-oriented environmental policies. The idea of P-EMS is to enable producers to make environmentally responsible decisions on product development and product strategies, in collaboration with suppliers and customers. This paper summarises example P-EMS projects in The Netherlands for two segments of industry, namely retail and manufacturing industry. Moreover two other initiatives will be covered that deal with the development of tools to facilitate P-EMS in two other industry sectors (food processing and building). Success factors that emerge from these initial experiences are: focus on partners that have a strong incentive to act, application of screening Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) or user-shells for LCA, and focus on improvements that can be implemented on the short term.     

实施总量控制与环境技术市场发展

实施总量控制为环境技术市场的发展创造了条件，对环保产业提出了更高的要求，也将推动环境技术市场竞争正常化。     

Ecoprofit-Styria-prepare Thirteen pollution prevention case studies in the Styrian industry

The paper focuses upon the organization of a federal state-funded pollution prevention project in the Styrian industry. The project includes 13 companies from the textile, pulp and paper, machine building, wood working and printed circuit board manufacturing industries, covering most of the sectors and sizes in the Styrian industry. It started in January 1994 and will last for one year. It will demonstrate the possibilities of pollution prevention and the need for further research work. This project will make use of the methods and tools that were refined in the Austrian Prepare project. As a first step, a systematic balance of all the inputs and outputs of a company is made, after which the weak points and inefficiencies of material and energy use are identified and the options for improvements, both economical and ecological, are defined. Consequently, modifications in products and production lead to a situation with less waste and emissions. The preliminary lessons from these projects are presented: as a rule, the utilities (consumption of process materials and water, cleaning, energy, preparatory and finishing steps) are treated as black boxes and usually represent a considerable optimization potential. In these areas especially there is usually a lack of information and coordination as well as a need for a systematic and comprehensive approach. Leadership in the company and creative consultants are needed for starting lasting successful pollution prevention projects.     

吉州生态工业园规划建设探讨

吉州工业园率先在江西省进行了生态工业园规划建设试点。文章介绍了吉州生态工业园规划建设的指导思想与原则,从5个核心系统和三大循环系统阐述了吉州生态工业园规划建设的总体框架,并提出了电子信息产业、机械加工产业、造纸化工产业、食品加工产业4个主导产业的工业生态系统规划,同时提出了吉州生态工业园近期建设的补链项目,预测分析吉州生态工业园近期建设的经济效益、环境效益、社会效益进行。     

静脉产业类生态工业园区标准的研究

以静脉产业和静脉产业类生态工业园区的基本概念为基础,深入分析了我国建立静脉产业类生态工业园区标准的重要意义. 选取经济发展、资源循环与利用、污染控制和园区管理4个方面共20个指标,构成静脉产业类生态工业园区评价指标体系,旨在全面、准确地反映静脉产业类生态工业园区的建设水平. 经过综合分析,确定采用层次分析(AHP)法对评价指标体系进行权重计算. 根据权重分析结果可得出如下结论:静脉产业类生态工业园区的建设重点应为提高资源循环利用率和保障环境安全,污染控制以固体废物的安全处置为主. 最后,对该评价指标体系进行了可行性分析,该方法所设定的各项指标在经济上、技术上、可操作性上都是可行的. 依据该评价方法,制定了国家《静脉产业类生态工业园区标准》.      

铬盐行业清洁生产审核探讨

铬盐行业是我国重点整治的高污染行业,推行清洁生产势在必行。文章结合实例,对铬盐行业清洁生产审核进行探讨。污染负荷最高的焙烧车间是重点审核对象;评估过程产生7个中/高费方案,综合筛选出6个可行方案,已实施或正在实施的"少钙焙烧"等6个方案使企业主要污染物铬渣排放量削减达40%,焙烧窑含铬粉尘无组织排放量减少约10%,原辅料及能源消耗均有一定程度降低。对铬盐行业清洁生产审核的探讨为铬盐企业推行清洁生产提供了范例,有利于铬盐行业的可持续发展。     

论述造纸行业控制可吸附有机卤化物的必要性

造纸业漂白过程会带来可吸附有机卤化合物的污染,这是一类含有包括二恶英在内的多种有毒有机物。随着全球贸易进程,控制造纸业可吸附有机卤化合物的排放已经刻不容缓。控制造纸行业可吸附有机卤化物应从工艺技术、排放标准执行、监测等方面着手。     

呼和浩特市奶牛养殖业污染现状及防治对策

通过对呼和浩特市奶牛养殖污染状况调查,提出相应防治对策。