苏州高新区典型行业VOCs排放特征及控制对策探讨

通过资料收集和现场调研估算苏州高新技术产业园区VOCs排放量,对区内典型行业VOCs污染物特征组分做分析,并简述其区域内典型行业VOCs治理技术的现况,分析了排放现状特征和控制难点。基于对国内外工业VOCs污染控制措施研究,提出对VOCs污染控制的对策和建议。     

在用建筑物安全管理与控制技术

建筑物倒塌往往酿成重大事故,带来惨重损失。加强建筑物安全管理与控制,是防止建筑事故发生的有效措施。为此,提出了建筑物安全管理与控制的日常管理和鉴定管理两级模式,并研究了相应的管理理论     

The German Wadden Sea coast: reclamation and environmental protection

Why did the reclamation of tidal marshes along the German Wadden Sea coast continue until the 1990s while the country is known for its awareness of the need for environmental protection? A study of the recently adopted reclamation policy in Schleswig-Holstein indicates that since the 1960s, the primary objective of embankments along the coast has been for coastal defence. While focusing their attention on this policy from the late 1970s, environmentalists have been objecting against any reclamation projects. Their main argument has been the ecological richness of the tidal marshes and the negative effects of embankments on the Wadden Sea. During the 1990s, objections from environmentalists, together with the fruition of the Coastal Defence Plan, recent economic factors, new legislation and sea level rise have led to a gradual decline of reclamation projects along the German Wadden Sea coast.     

Mapping Land-Cover and Mangrove Structures with Remote Sensing Techniques: A Contribution to a Synoptic GIS in Support of Coastal Management in North Brazil

This article deals with the development and application of a cartographic database for a synoptic Geographic Information System (GIS). Its purpose is the storage and evaluation of the heterogeneous datasets of the interdisciplinary scientific research program MADAM (Mangrove Dynamics and Management), which aims to develop recommendations for a tailored integrated coastal management scheme for the mangrove ecosystem at Bragança (North Brazil). The article describes the integration of remote sensing data, aerial photographs, as well as point data provided by fieldwork from different scientific fields. Using various innovative processing techniques and different scale-resolution levels, an assessment of temporal–spatial changes of the mangrove peninsula and the adjacent rural socioeconomic impact area, the type of mangrove structure, as well as a land-use cover analyses was undertaken. The definition of the spatial level of detail was found to be a major issue in the development of the GIS, as well as during the processing and analysis procedures. A division between strong and weak patterns in the mangrove ecosystem could be made, which implies different management measures and sets of specific interdisciplinary studies and monitoring at hierarchical scales.     

对社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测活动管理模式的思考

通过分析环境监测面临的形势与发展趋势、引入社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测活动的风险,以及现场监测活动自身特点,论述了当前社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测活动,应采用由环境监测站领受任务,制定监测方案,指派现场负责人,负责方案的具体实施和全程质控管理,第三方检测机构在现场负责人的指导下完成具体的监测工作,并在此过程中接受现场负责人监督考核的管理模式。提出,社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测尚需完善法律体制,提升现场监测监管水平,促进各级环境监测站职能转变。     

城乡融合视角下淮海经济区城乡转型特征与路径

城乡融合不仅是社会经济结构的转换过程,也是城乡持续转型过程。以淮海经济区为研究区,剖析了城乡融合发展面临的困境,通过城乡转型多维定量评价与比较,诊断了研究区城乡融合状态,提出了推进城乡融合发展的路径。结果表明:(1)淮海经济区城乡融合发展面临"两分离一切变"而导致的"三不足"的困境,即传统农区的"居业分离"、资源型城市的"产城分离"和省际交界区的"切变效应",导致乡村转型的内在动力不足、城市对乡村的辐射带动力不足和城乡公共服务供给的区域协同力不足。(2)城乡转型状态呈现出经济、社会和空间多维相关的特征,转型过程的城乡异速不同步和转型格局的城乡异构非均衡现象并存;采用对比聚类法,划分出城乡转型滞后型、乡村转型滞后型、城市转型滞后型和城乡转型同步型四种类型。(3)推进淮海经济区城乡融合发展的关键是要突破城乡二元结构和区域发展"碎片化"困境,分类推进城乡协同转型发展,加强省际交界区城乡发展的跨域协同。     

The sands of Forvie (Scotland): A case study in geomorphology and conservational management

The Sands of Forvie, National Nature Reserve, Scotland is a complex coastal sand dune system which is associated with the dynamic estuary of the River Ythan. The dune system has developed over more than 5000 years. The south partis a peninsula of dunes, sandhills, sand arcs, erosion and deflation surfaces. The north part is superimposed on a rock plateau with a cliff coastline. This plateau is covered in glacial deposits and is essentially an upland heath landscape. Some of the best examples of large active parabolic dunes in Britain are found in North Forvie. The sequence of geomorphic development is described. As a nature reserve with a rich ecology it has been managed for conservational purposes since 1960s. As such it is an excellent case study of how conservational management has changed to become more flexible and more aware of the importance of dynamic processes.     

Flood problems in Bangladesh: Is there an indigenous solution?

Bangladesh, situated on the delta of the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, and the Meghna rivers, experiences two distinct types of inundations: (a) river floods resulting from excessive runoff contributed by monsoon precipitation and (b) coastal floods induced by storm surges of tropical cyclones. The river floods are normal annual events and human settlements and agricultural practices have adapted admirably well to their regimes. Abnormal floods that occur once in every few years cause serious damage to crops and properties. To minimize flood losses, a number of modern engineering projects have been constructed within Bangladesh. However, the successful solution of the problem would probably require some international collaboration for basinwide unified systems planning, since large parts of the drainage basins of Bangladesh lie beyond its borders. In the absence of such collaboration, internal resources should be utilized for the construction of smaller public projects, such aspolders, and for encouraging and reinforcing various types of indigenous adjustments to floods. There are very few successful indigenous adjustments to coastal floods. Most of the structural solutions, such as community shelters and higher embankments, are expensive public projects that are probably beyond the means of the internal resources of the country.     

我国危险废物转移管理制度研究与讨论

随着社会的发展,危险废物在不同行政区域之间的转移越来越频繁。虽然针对危险废物转移,中国已经制订了相应的管理办法。但仍存在着危险废物转移许可程序不规范、转移手续复杂、转移过程中各相关方责任不清晰等问题,进一步规范和完善我国危险废物转移管理制度已显得十分必要。文章通过对我国危险废物转移管理现状进行分析,展开了相应的研究与讨论。     

22家企业建立职业健康安全管理体系前后社会和经济效益对比分析

作者抽取已建职业健康安全管理体系的22家企业,对其建立体系前后的企业经营活动、安全生产投入、因事故和职业病的经济投入(损失)进行分析.分析结果表明职业健康安全管理体系的建立和运行对企业有良好的社会和经济效益.