Developmental Processes, Changing Lifestyle and Traditional Wisdom: Analyses from Western Himalaya

Traditional knowledge and practices are important in prudent resource use and biodiversity conservation. The implications of modernization and changing lifestyle are discussed in the context of agriculture and resource use, the two sectors in which maximum modernization has occurred. The information was gathered through observations and structured interviews over three years (July 1996 to July 1999) of field work in the western Himalaya. It was observed that forest based subsistence agriculture has given way to the market dependant cash crop cultivation. That apart from loss of genetic diversity, has also resulted in the degradation of forests. The use of wild plants in the day-to-day activities has also declined and dependence on high value market products has increased. Currently, wild plants are used only if no other cheap substitute is available in the market or if the use is economically beneficial to the people. Thus, the knowledge gathered through ages of experience is eroding because of the activities geared for short-term economic benefits which, in long run, may not be sustainable.     

INCREASED BASEFLOW IN IOWA OVER THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY1

ABSTRACT: Historical trends in annual discharge characteristics were evaluated for 11 gauging stations located throughout Iowa. Discharge records from nine eight‐digit hydrologic unit code (HUC‐8) watersheds were examined for the period 1940 to 2000, whereas data for two larger river systems (Cedar and Des Moines Rivers) were examined for a longer period of record (1903 to 2000). In nearly all watersheds evaluated, annual base flow, annual minimum flow, and the annual base flow percentage significantly increased over time. Some rivers also exhibited increasing trends in total annual discharge, whereas only the Maquoketa River had significantly decreased annual maximum flows. Regression of stream discharge versus precipitation indicated that more precipitation is being routed into streams as base flow than as storm flow in the second half of the 20th Century. Reasons for the observed stream flow trends are hypothesized to include improved conservation practices, greater artificial drainage, increasing row crop production, and channel incision. Each of these reasons is consistent with the observed trends, and all are likely responsible to some degree in most watersheds.     

准噶尔盆地油田开发区土地沙漠化防治研究--以石西、莫北油田为例

通过对准噶尔盆地石西油田、石南油田、莫北油田等开发利用区土地沙漠化现状和特点的分析，对油田开发活动引起的水土流失进行了预测，并对产生的新的土地沙漠化现象和水土流失对油田区道路、管线、油区的影响进行了分析，提出了针对钻井井场、道路、输油气管线等的分区防治措施。     

基于VB的城市防火安全评价系统

主要介绍了在windows环境下，用VB6.0制作的一个城市防火安全评价可视化系统。城市防火安全评价采用的是模糊综合评判方法（以苏州古城区的防火安全评价为例）。采用Access2000建立原始的数据库。在数据库中存放原始评价数据，VB6.0中的应用程序在运行时调用数据库中数据，实现数据链接，通过运算，在VB模块的窗口中显示评价结果。本系统通过设置变量使系统程序的实际应用更具广泛性和方便性。     

中国灾害的军事救援及其机制研究

中国是一个灾害频繁的国家。灾害造成了巨大的直接、间接经济损失和人员伤亡，对社会经济发展产生了严重的影响。中国的具体国情和人民解放军的特殊性质，决定了军事救援历来在中国的灾害救援中具有不可替代的地位，发挥着突击队和生力军的作用。由于客观上存在着一些制约因素，使得军事救援的实施效率受到了一定程度的影响，未能得到最大限度的发挥。因此，必须尽快建立适应新时期军队执行抢险救灾任务需要的军事救援机制。     

湛江市土地资源的可持续利用

湛江市位于祖国大陆的最南端，地形以平原、台地为主，土地资源利用受台风、干早等自然因素的影响。作者对湛江市土地资源可持续利用的限制因子进行了分析，提出了滋江市土地资源可持续利用的对策和措施。     

森林可持续经营的林地产权政策研究--以临安示范林为例

林地产权政策是决定资源配置效率的基础条件。对临安示范林地区研究基点河桥乡的林地产权政策、林地流转的基本情况及农户对林地产权的意愿进行了介绍，找出了现行政策存在的问题，并提出了一套科学合理的适合当地水平的林地产权政策方案。     

我国耕地保护前景分析

耕地作为最重要的生产资料在国民经济建设中具有非常重要的地位，是社会稳定的重要物质基础。在分析我国人多地少、人增地减、人地矛盾日益突出的国情和今后一段时期国家对耕地大量需求的基础上，认为我国必须加强耕地保护，确保社会经济的可持续发展。     

Maplnfo机助制图在土地利用总体规划中的应用

在土地利用总体规划中，传统的模拟制图日益暴露出其局限性。随着信息时代的到来，计算机机助制图以其强大的优势逐步取代了传统的模拟制图。阐述了在土地利用总体规划中应用Maplnfo机助制图的必要性和工作原理，并着重探索其在土地利用总体规划中的应用过程。     

黔南州2002年土地利用变更情况分析

根据2002年土地调查结果，作者对黔南州本年度各类土地增减变更情况进行了统计分析，重点探讨了新地减少的原因以及耕地增加来源和建设用地变更情况。