Characteristic and mechanism of sorption and desorption of benzene on humic acid

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The sorption/desorption behaviors of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) on soil organic matter (SOM) have a significant influence on...     

Distribution characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the Typha latifolia constructed wetlands using fluorescent in situ hybridization(FISH)

A molecular biology method, fluorescent in situ hybridization（FISH）, in which the pre-treatment was improved in allusion to the media of the constructed wetlands（CW）, e.g. the soil and the grit, was used to investigate the vertical distribution characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（AOB） quantity and the relation with oxidation-reduction potential（ORP） in the Typha latifolia constructed wetlands under three different Ioadings in summer from May to September. Results showed that the quantity of the AOB decreased in the Typha latifolia CW with the increase of vertical depth. However, the AOB quantity was 2-4 times the quantity of the control in the root area. Additionally, ORP in the rhizosphere was found to be higher than other areas, which showed that Typha latifolia CW was in an aerobic state in summer when using simulated non-point sewage at the rural area of Taihu Lake in China and small town combined sewage.     

Microbial flocculant and its application in environmental protection

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In situ preparation of g-C3N4/Bi4O5I2 complex and its elevated photoactivity in Methyl Orange degradation under visible light

A graphite carbon nitride(g-C_3N_4) modified Bi_4O_5I_2 composite was successfully prepared insitu via the thermal treatment of a g-C_3N_4/Bi OI precursor at 400°C for 3 hr.The as-prepared g-C_3N_4/Bi_4O_5I_2 showed high photocatalytic performance in Methyl Orange(MO) degradation under visible light.The best sample presented a degradation rate of 0.164 min~(-1),which is 3.2 and 82 times as high as that of Bi_4O_5I_2 and g-C_3N_4,respectively.The g-C_3N_4/Bi_4O_5I_2 was characterized by X-ray powder diffractometer(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra(DRS),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and transient photocurrent response in order to explain the enhanced photoactivity.Results indicated that the decoration with a small amount of g-C_3N_4 influenced the specific surface area only slightly.Nevertheless,the capability for absorbing visible light was improved measurably,which was beneficial to the MO degradation.On top of that,a strong interaction between g-C_3N_4 and Bi_4O_5I_2 was detected.This interplay promoted the formation of a favorable heterojunction structure and thereby enhanced the charge separation.Thus,the g-C_3N_4/Bi_4O_5I_2 composite presented greater charge separation efficiency and much better photocatalytic performance than Bi_4O_5I_2.Additionally,g-C_3N_4/Bi_4O_5I_2 also presented high stability.·O_2~-and holes were verified to be the main reactive species.     

阿拉伯半岛沙尘时空分布特征及气象条件

通过对阿拉伯半岛地面90个气象站20年沙尘天气、AI指数及风场的时空分布特征结合气象条件分析，确定该区域沙尘天气的发生规律及传输路径.结果表明：永久多尘地区是半岛扬沙发生最频繁的区域，从2月开始扩张，并在6月达到最大.浮尘的时空分布与扬沙类似，但还存在希贾兹山脉北部和波斯湾沿岸的高值中心，3月与永久多尘地区的高值区连成一片，6~7月达到最大，然后开始收缩并分裂成几个小中心.AI指数存在一个像倒箭头的相对高值中心，其变化具有明显的单峰分布，强度和范围在6月最大.10~4月和5~9月半岛分别盛行顺时针、逆时针旋转的风向，它们将沙尘远程传输到下游地区.天气学分析表明，冷锋入侵半岛使得来自北方的冷空气快速锲入暖空气之下，是导致沙尘天气出现的主要原因；后向轨迹聚类分析显示，半岛存在3类传输路径，其重要性依次为西北方向撒哈拉沙漠的远程传输、反气旋风场将来自伊拉克或伊朗的沙尘远程传输和本地的沙尘源传输.     

山仔水库周边乡镇生态质量未确知测度评价

通过建立未确知模型,结合层次分析法确定权重,对福州由仔水库周边有人类聚居点的小沧乡、潘度乡、飞竹乡、霍口乡和日溪乡的生态环境质量做出了评价。得出了它们的生态环境质量均为四级,属较差水平。而在积分上,霍口乡的环境质量最好,潘度乡最差。     

行政事业组织建立环境管理体系探讨

目前，我国建立ISO14001环境管理体系的组织主要是企业，然而行政事业组织亦具有建立体系的必要性和可行性，并具有重要意义。行政事业组织在建立体系时，环境因素识别和控制的重点在于资源和能源的消耗及危险废物的处理和处置。体系的建立应与组织的行政管理职能紧密结合，促进环境管理程序化、规范化和法制化，从而实现“绿色行政”的目标。     

可视化灾害数字仿真重构理论及实证研究(Ⅱ)--理论框架与概念化范式

可视化灾害数字仿真重构理论研究,不仅可以实现对灾害空间数据进行有效的集成管理和时空分析,而且为灾害的防治、应急管理和工程论证等提供可靠的依据,是解决灾害实验的危险性和不可重复性的最佳途径.本文提出可视化灾害数字仿真重构理论的概念、研究对象和方法,综述该理论所需要涉及多种跨学科的技术支持,提出灾害数字仿真重构理论的实施流程,按照致灾因子孕育、发生以及作用于承灾体形成灾害的过程为线索,建立灾害数字仿真模型的概念化范式.上述工作共同构成灾害数字仿真重构的完整理论体系.     

石油降解菌的分离鉴定及4株芽胞杆菌种间效应

通过富集培养和分离纯化的方法,从天津大港油田石油污染土壤和渤海海上钻井平台洗油污水中分离出6株石油降解细菌,生理生化试验及16S r DNA序列分析鉴定表明,它们分别属于Bacillus芽胞杆菌属(S1、S2、S3、S4)、Pseudomonas假单胞菌属(W1)和Ochrobactrum苍白杆菌属(W2),其中,S3具有最高的烷烃(41.3%)和芳烃(30.9%)降解率,从石油污染场地中筛选出的内源微生物对本油田石油的降解效果优于外源物种.对4株芽胞杆菌属菌株构建微生物组进行石油降解实验,结果表明,由S1和S4构成的微生物组F3具有最高的烷烃(50.5%)和芳烃(54.0%)降解率,比单菌降解率分别提高了69.9%和156.1%,同时比最优降解单菌S3的降解率分别高出22.1%和74.6%,而由S2和S3构成的微生物组F4对烷烃和芳烃的降解率最低,分别为18.5%和18.9%,比单菌降解率降低了55.3%和39.0%,实验表明同菌属微生物种间对石油的降解同时存在协同促进和拮抗抑制作用,芽胞杆菌属内亲缘性近的菌株之间对石油降解主要表现为促进作用.