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1.
Xiang Laisheng Guo Yajun Li Zhanfang . School of Management Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning China . Development Research Center of Liaoning People’s Government Shenyang Liaoning China 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2007,5(2):49-52
In the high technology industry, small and medium sized technology enterprises (SMSTEs) play a pivotal role in advancing the whole industry. To achieve sustainable development, they need to extend their scope of business activities beyond a national view and exploit international market actively to meet international competitions that increase quickly in the form of allocating resources within the scope of the world. However, the SMSTEs are also facing risks associated with themselves during the process of exploiting international market owing to their own restrictions, so what they should do is to consider risk evaluations in exploiting the international market. 相似文献
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Oad Sahib Jinliang Qu Shah Syed Babar Hussain Memon Shafique-ul-Rehman 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(3):4000-4023
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Globally, the national and cultural resources of a country are major sources of attraction for tourism. Pakistan is gifted with abundant natural and... 相似文献
4.
以固定化微藻颗粒为原料,通过搭建流化床反应器强化微藻对氨氮(NH4+-N)的去除,设计了藻种、污水上升流速、光周期和光照强度四组单一变量实验,系统地研究了不同条件下微藻去除NH4+-N的能力.结果表明,当以固定化斜生栅藻为原料、污水上升流速为6.8m/h、光周期为8:16h和光照强度为4800Lux时,NH4+-N去除效果最优(96.7%).在最优操作条件下,探究了COD为200mg/L时微藻去除NH4+-N的潜力,结果表明,当NH4+-N初始浓度不高于50mg/L时,NH4+-N去除率高于95%.本实验建立了一套半连续微藻流化床实验方法,该方法显著减弱了微藻在生物同化过程中对有机碳源的依赖性,为低COD条件下微藻生物脱氮工艺的设计提供了技术参考和理论基础. 相似文献
5.
在热重分析仪中进行了稻壳和聚氯乙烯(PVC)的共热解实验,结果显示:在共热解时稻壳开始剧烈热解的温度相比单独热解时大幅度降低,由350℃降至300℃,表明掺入PVC降低了稻壳的热解温度。在升温速率为20℃/min,稻壳和PVC比例为2∶1(质量比)时,混合热解协同效应最明显。3种动力学分析方法均证明共热解现象的存在。利用Coats-Redfern法进行动力学分析,发现共热解活化能普遍较单独热解时低,表明PVC与稻壳共热解有明显的相互作用。利用Ozawa法进行分析,发现转化率为20%~60%阶段下共热解平均活化能值为37.60 kJ/mol,低于稻壳单独热解的平均活化能41.45 kJ/mol。Friedman法分析结果显示对应转化率下共热解活化能均低于稻壳单独热解活化能。稻壳和PVC共热解倾向于反应动力学控制。 相似文献
6.
Liuwei Kong Min Hu Qinwen Tan Miao Feng Yu Qu Junling An Yuanhang Zhang Xingang Liu Nianliang Cheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(1):49-59
To clarify the aerosol hygroscopic growth and optical properties of the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,integrated observations were conducted in Heshan City of Guangdong Province from October 19 to November 17,2014.The concentrations and chemical compositions of PM_(2.5),aerosol optical properties and meteorological parameters were measured.The mean value of PM_(2.5) increased from less than 35(excellent) to 35-75 μg/m~3(good) and then to greater than 75 μg/m~3(pollution),corresponding to mean PM_(2.5) values of 24.9,51.2,and 93.3 μg/m~3,respectively.The aerosol scattering hygroscopic growth factor(f(RH = 80%)) values were 2.0,2.12,and 2.18 for the excellent,good,and pollution levels,respectively.The atmospheric extinction coefficient(σext)and the absorption coefficient of aerosols(σ_(ap)) increased,and the single scattering albedo(SSA)decreased from the excellent to the pollution levels.For different air mass sources,under excellent and good levels,the land air mass from northern Heshan had lower f(RH) and σ_(sp) values.In addition,the mixed aerosol from the sea and coastal cities had lower f(RH) and showed that the local sources of coastal cities have higher scattering characteristics in pollution periods. 相似文献
7.
Baiwen M Siqi Wu Bodong Wang Zenglu Qi Yaohui Bai Huijuan Liu Jiuhui Qu Ruijun Wu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(4):10-19
Cake layer formation is inevitable over time for ultrafiltration (UF) membrane-based drinking water treatment. Although the cake layer is always considered to cause membrane fouling, it can also act as a “dynamic protection layer”, as it further adsorbs pollutants and dramatically reduces their chance of getting to the membrane surface. Here, the UF membrane fouling performance was investigated with pre-deposited loose flocs in the presence of humic acid (HA). The results showed that the floc dynamic protection layer played an important role in removing HA. The higher the solution pH, the more negative the floc charge, resulting in lower HA removal efficiency due to the electrostatic repulsion and large pore size of the floc layer. With decreasing solution pH, a positively charged floc dynamic protection layer was formed, and more HA molecules were adsorbed. The potential reasons were ascribed to the smaller floc size, greater positive charge, and higher roughness of the floc layer. However, similar membrane fouling performance was also observed for the negative and positive floc dynamic protection layers due to their strong looseness characteristics. In addition, the molecular weight (MW) distribution of HA also played an important role in UF membrane fouling behavior. For the small MW HA molecules, the chance of forming a loose cake layer was high with a negatively charged floc dynamic protection layer, while for the large MW HA molecules it was high with a positively charged floc dynamic protection layer. As a result, slight UF membrane fouling was induced. 相似文献
8.
Mengwei Zhang Wanyue Liu Qian Qu Mingjing Ke Zhenyan Zhang Zhigao Zhou Tao Lu Haifeng Qian 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(11):102-109
An effective broad-spectrum fungicide, azoxystrobin (AZ), has been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems, potentially affecting the growth of aquatic microorganisms. In the present study, the eukaryotic alga Monoraphidium sp. and the cyanobacterium Pseudanabaena sp. were exposed to AZ for 7 days. Our results showed that 0.2–0.5 mg/L concentrations of AZ slightly inhibited the growth of Monoraphidium sp. but stimulated Pseudanabaena sp. growth. Meanwhile, AZ treatment effectively increased the secretion of total organic carbon (TOC) in the culture media of the two species, and this phenomenon was also found in a freshwater microcosm experiment (containing the natural microbial community). We attempted to assess the effect of AZ on the function of aquatic microbial communities through metabolomic analysis and further explore the potential risks of this compound. The metabonomic profiles of the microcosm indicated that the most varied metabolites after AZ treatment were related to the citrate cycle (TCA), fatty acid biosynthesis and purine metabolism. We thereby inferred that the microbial community increased extracellular secretions by adjusting metabolic pathways, which might be a stress response to reduce AZ toxicity. Our results provide an important theoretical basis for further study of fungicide stress responses in aquatic microcosm microbial communities, as well as a good start for further explorations of AZ detoxification mechanisms, which will be valuable for the evaluation of AZ environmental risk. 相似文献
10.
为探究不同裂解温度下稻壳生物炭的结构和性质差异及其对阿特拉津(AT)的吸附作用机制和构-效关系,以稻壳为原料在300、500和700℃下制备稻壳生物炭(分别记为RH300、RH500、RH700),通过电镜扫描、元素分析仪、比表面积分析仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析仪等对3种稻壳生物炭进行结构表征分析,并采用批量等温吸附法研究稻壳生物炭对AT的吸附特性.结果表明:裂解温度由300℃升至700℃时,稻壳生物炭中w(C)由48.81%升至64.67%,w(H)、w(N)和w(O)则由3.22%、1.45%和34.66%分别降至0.89%、0.92%和16.29%,原子比H/C、O/C和(O+N)/C值均降低.可见,随着裂解温度升高,稻壳生物炭的芳香性增强,亲水性和极性降低,且比表面积和孔体积增大,平均孔径减小.3种稻壳生物炭对AT的吸附均可用Freundlich和Langmuir两种等温吸附模型进行较好地拟合(R≥0.948,P < 0.01),吸附作用及非线性程度与生物炭的比表面积(SSA)、芳香性(H/C)、亲水性(O/C)和极性〔(O+N)/C〕呈良好的指数关系,大小表现为RH700 > RH500 > RH300.稻壳生物炭对AT的吸附机制主要包括分配作用和表面吸附,分配作用强度与生物炭的极性和炭化程度有关;而表面吸附作用与AT的分子大小有关,3种稻壳生物炭对AT的表面吸附除表面覆盖外,还存在多层平铺、毛细管现象和孔隙填充等.研究显示,裂解温度是影响生物炭吸附有机污染物的重要因素,在综合考虑成本和制备工艺的同时,适当提高裂解温度可增强生物炭对有机污染物的吸附作用. 相似文献