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1.
Progress and challenges in consolidating the management of Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories
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Effective management refers to the ability of a protected area or indigenous territory to meet its objectives, particularly as they relate to the protection of biodiversity and forest cover. Effective management is achieved through a process of consolidation, which among other things requires legally protecting sites, integrating sites into land‐use planning, developing and implementing management and resource‐use plans, and securing long‐term funding to pay for recurrent costs. Effectively managing all protected areas and indigenous territories in the Amazon may be needed to avoid a deforestation tipping point beyond which regional climatic feedbacks and global climate change interact to catalyze irreversible drying and savannization of large areas. At present, protected areas and indigenous territories cover 45.5% (3.55 million km2) of the Amazon, most of the 60–70% forest cover required to maintain hydrologic and climatic function. Three independent evaluations of a long‐term large‐scale philanthropic initiative in the Amazon yielded insights into the challenges and advances toward achieving effective management of protected areas and indigenous territories. Over the life of the initiative, management of sites has improved considerably, particularly with respect to management planning and capacity building, but few sites are effectively managed and many lack sufficient long‐term financing, adequate governance, support of nongovernmental organizations, and the means to withstand economic pressures. The time and money required to complete consolidation is still poorly understood, but it is clear that philanthropic funding is critical so long as essential funding needs are not met by governments and other sources, which could be on the order of decades. Despite challenges, it is encouraging that legal protection has expanded greatly and management of sites is improving steadily. Management of protected areas in other developing countries could be informed by improvements that have occurred in Amazonian countries. 相似文献
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Performance evaluation of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) is the measurement of a company's achievement in HSE management. In order to receive a comprehensive and objective evaluation result, it is necessary to consider all evaluation factors and experts at different levels when HSE performance assessment is conducted. To improve conventional HSE performance evaluation, where weighted average method was used, a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method is used in this study by taking experts' weights into account. Further, an HSE operating performance assessment system is designed to simplify manual and complex assessment process and generate charts and analysis reports automatically. Finally, a case of petrochemical enterprise is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the method and system. 相似文献
4.
Tanay B. Yıldırım Tutku Ak Zuhal Ölmez 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2008,10(6):871-881
While the world is going into different tourism expectations, the tourism understanding in Turkey is defined as tourism in the sea-sand-sun triangle. However, it is possible to contribute to the income and local development of the indigenous people by developing nature-based tourism. Besides, with the sustainable use and preservation of the natural-cultural assets, the damage of the traditional tourism industry on the natural and cultural environment could be reduced. In this study, it is aimed to bring up the nature-based tourism concept in Çanakkale by evaluating the nature-based tourism industry in the general of Turkey and assessing the natural-cultural resources that Çanakkale comprehends. The most important areas that have a nature-based tourism potential in Çanakkale and the tourism activities that are most suitable for these areas have been determined. 相似文献
5.
Wang Degang Huang Xiaoting 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2006,4(1):45-53
At present, internal rural tourism is at the stage of upgrading and renewing, and ecotourism has been considered to be the main direction. This paper discussed the concepts and criteria of rural tourism and ecotourism, analyzed a typical case of Nongke Village of Chengdu City-being considered to be the first rural tourism site in China, went deep into the problems of the contents and criteria of the development of rural ecotourism, and tried to probe into the principles of the development of rural ecotourism both theoretically and practically so as to understand the rules of the development of rural ecotourism . 相似文献
6.
Xiang Laisheng Guo Yajun Li Zhanfang . School of Management Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning China . Development Research Center of Liaoning People’s Government Shenyang Liaoning China 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2007,5(2):49-52
In the high technology industry, small and medium sized technology enterprises (SMSTEs) play a pivotal role in advancing the whole industry. To achieve sustainable development, they need to extend their scope of business activities beyond a national view and exploit international market actively to meet international competitions that increase quickly in the form of allocating resources within the scope of the world. However, the SMSTEs are also facing risks associated with themselves during the process of exploiting international market owing to their own restrictions, so what they should do is to consider risk evaluations in exploiting the international market. 相似文献
7.
氢氟酸的污染与防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
方慧萍 《石油化工环境保护》1997,(1):52-54
综述氢氟酸烷基化装置,运行过程中氢氟酸的危害,污染源的分析,防治措施及取得效果. 相似文献
8.
中国可持续社会养老保险的综合评价体系和实证分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
我国可持续社会养老保险的综合评价指标体系包括四个层次和三级子系统,内容涉及养老保险人数、机构设置、基金管理和代际平衡四个子目标。应用因子分析模糊综合评价方法对我国1990-2001年养老保险建设状况进行评价,本文认为基金管理,行政管理和代际失衡是影响我国可持续养老保险发展的主要因素。 相似文献
9.
可持续旅游是 80年代中期以后提出的关于旅游业发展的新思想。经过十多年的不断拓展深化 ,已经得到世界各国的广泛认同 ,并作为跨世纪旅游业发展的战略指导思想。本文从可持续旅游的由来和对可持续旅游内涵实质的界定角度出发 ,结合可持续旅游实现途径的探讨 ,以井冈山风景名胜区为例 ,对风景区旅游业可持续发展进行了深入的探讨 ,为景区的发展规划提出了战略性构想 ,以期能对井冈山风景名胜区旅游资源的可持续利用和旅游业的可持续发展起到抛砖引玉的作用 相似文献
10.
水资源条件约束下西北农村地区生态经济发展对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
西北地区生态脆弱,社会经济发展相对落后。农业在全区经济中占有重要的地位,所以农村地区可持续发展对于实现西北地区可持续发展具有重要意义。通过分析西北地区水资源现状及特点和本区农村社会、经济发展现状,认为西北地区水资源严重缺乏,干旱化趋势将长期存在;农业结构不合理,乡镇工业污染严重、城镇化进程缓慢是制约本区农村地区可持续发展的主要因素。在此基础上,提出了在水资源严重缺乏条件下西北农村地区实现生态经济可持续发展的具体对策:积极调整农业结构,大力发展节水农业和推进农业产业化;加强小城镇社区生态环境基础设施建设,实施城镇化发展战略和乡镇企业可持续发展;建设生态型的小城镇,建立农村地区新型生态能源结构,加强小流域综合治理是改善农村生态环境和实现农村地区生态经济可持续发展的有效途径。 相似文献