餐饮业油烟的颗粒物分析

利用显微镜照相技术和电低压冲击式采样器分别对餐饮业油烟中10μm以上和10μm以下的颗粒物进行分析,得出餐饮业油烟颗粒物的粒径分布状况.结果表明,厨房内油烟中可沉降颗粒的粒径主要分布在10～400μm之间,数量浓度峰值粒径集中在10～100μm之间;油烟中可吸入颗粒粒径主要分布在1μm以下,数量浓度峰值粒径集中在0.063～0.109μm之间,质量浓度峰值粒径在6.560～9.990μm之间.通过对餐饮业油烟颗粒物物理特性的全面分析,找出特征值,确定油烟监测的标志物,为餐饮业油烟的治理和监测提供科学依据.     

上海市大气颗粒物中有机碳（OC）与元素碳（EC）的粒径分布

分析了上海市嘉定区不同粒径大气颗粒物(0.49、0.49～0.95、0.95～1.50、1.50～3.00、3.00～7.20、7.20μm)中OC和EC质量浓度的粒径分布特征;讨论了不同粒径大气颗粒物中二次有机碳EC示踪法中(OC/EC)pri的选定方法,用改进后的EC示踪法估算出上海市嘉定区大气颗粒物中的二次有机碳(SOC)质量浓度的粒径分布;通过OC和EC的相关性定性分析了上海市嘉定区大气颗粒物的主要来源.上海市嘉定区大气颗粒物中OC和SOC的质量浓度呈双峰分布,峰值出现在0.49μm与3.00μm的粒径段,EC出现双峰或三峰分布,与OC相比,更集中在0.49μm的粒径段.细颗粒(3.00μm)中OC和EC分别占总OC和EC质量浓度的59.8%～80.0%和58.1%～82.4%,OC和EC的质量浓度主要集中在3.00μm的颗粒物中.不同粒径颗粒物中SOC占相应粒径段内OC浓度的15.7%～79.1%,其中细颗粒物(3.00μm)和粗颗粒物(3.00μm)中SOC质量浓度占相应粒径段中OC的41.4%和43.5%.OC、EC和SOC的粒径分布显现出明显的时间依存性.OC和EC的相关性分析表明,上海嘉定区大气颗粒物的污染源主要以轻型汽油车尾气为主.     

南京北郊大气颗粒物的粒径分布及其影响因素分析

在南京北郊使用FA-3型9级采样器对2014年1~11月颗粒物的粒径分布进行了采样分析.首先将FA-3与中流量分级采样器(KC-120H)和环境保护局在线监测仪器的同期监测结果进行对比,数据相关系数均在0.95以上,对细粒子FA-3分别偏低13.9%和16.6%,而对PM_(10)偏高15.2%和13.3%,但采样偏差在大气采样可接受范围之内,说明其可以对大气颗粒物进行准确分级和采样.南京北郊颗粒物污染严重,PM_(1.1),PM_(2.1)和PM_(10)的年平均浓度分别为(65.6±37.6)、(91.0±54.7)和(168.0±87.0)μg·m-3,污染以细粒子为主,且大部分在1.1μm以下;颗粒物粒径呈双峰分布,峰值位于0.43~0.65μm和9~10μm粒径段;中值粒径为1.83μm,为积聚模态污染.颗粒物粒径分布在冬季细粒径段较高,春季粗粒径段较高,夏季细粒径段降低并不明显,粗粒径段明显低于其他季节;颗粒物浓度的昼夜变化在粗粒径段差异很小,在细粒径段基本表现出夜晚大于白天的特征.除了夏季,降水对各个粒径范围的颗粒物都有清除作用,且在细粒径段表现得更为明显;霾发生时随着霾等级的加重,0.43~2.1μm粒径段颗粒物浓度逐渐增加,该粒径段颗粒物质量浓度与能见度呈显著负相关.以相对湿度70%为界,颗粒物粒径分布发生了明显变化,湿度大于70%后,小于0.43μm粒径段颗粒物质量浓度显著降低,而0.43~2.1μm粒径段明显上升,颗粒物的吸湿增长应是主要原因.南京北郊的气团来源可以分为四类,其中西北方向快速输送的气团最为洁净,细粒径颗粒物浓度明显低于其它方向;本地和周边近距离输送的气团污染最重,粗细粒径颗粒物浓度都较高,其传输距离短,风速小,发生污染的概率最大,达到73.9%,对南京市的空气污染贡献较大.     

城区飞散致敏花粉与大气细/超细颗粒物的协同生物效应研究

城市大气颗粒物污染和致敏花粉的污染已经对人群健康和城市空气质量产生了较为严重的影响.这2种污染物的协同生物效应正在成为大气环境科学、环境毒理学、免疫学等学科研究的前沿和热点研究领域.以上海大气中的细/超细颗粒物和日本关东地区致敏花粉(柳杉)为例,阐述了大气细/超细颗粒物的表征以及花粉致敏的过程.在研究中,观察到了日本柳杉花粉壁附着有直径0.7μm的含变应原蛋白的微粒(Ubisch body),并用ELISA法揭示了日本关东地区大气颗粒物中含变应原蛋白的颗粒主要分布在1μm的粒径范围内;而在上海大气颗粒物中,化学元素总量的最大值出现在细/超细粒径颗粒物(0.3～0.18μm)范围,污染元素S和Pb的质量浓度在超细(纳米尺度)/细颗粒物中比在其他粒径范围颗粒物中要高,另外还发现在上海大气颗粒物中有植物花粉的存在.城市大气颗粒物中的主要组分,柴油机车尾气颗粒物(DEPs)与飞散花粉之间存在协同生物效应,但其机制和过程还不清楚,在最新研究成果的基础上并结合国内外相关研究领域的进展,对飞散花粉与大气细/超细颗粒物的协同生物效应的研究进行了总结并提出今后研究的方向.     

被动采集大气颗粒物样品的粒径分布特征

在可同时采集气态与颗粒态大气污染物的被动采样装置中放置涂有薄层凡士林的载玻片,用于采集大气悬浮颗粒物,利用粒度粒形仪分析样品粒径分布特征,并深入探讨风速以及采样罐外壁添加300目滤网(孔径50μm)对样品粒径分布的影响.结果表明,在室内静风与室外相对封闭的条件下,添加滤网可有效阻止50μm的粗颗粒组分进入采样罐;而在室外有风的条件下,添加滤网后仍有粗颗粒进入采样罐中,但进入概率与风速大小之间无关.观察粒径10μm以下颗粒的分布曲线,室内静风条件下得到的分布曲线与主动采样得到的结果极为类似.而在有风条件下,3～5μm的颗粒组分比重有所减少,6～9μm颗粒组分比重明显增加.上述问题在被动采样器的使用中需予以考虑,结合样点具体情况判断是否添加滤网.     

山地城市排水管网特细颗粒物特性及变化规律

对山地城市排水管网中特细颗粒物的粒径分布特征及变化规律、Zeta电位分布特征及变化规律和ρ(SS)的变化规律进行研究,同时对相关水化学参数(如电导率、pH)的变化规律进行了分析.结果表明:特细颗粒物的平均粒径、Zeta电位、ρ(SS)和电导率分别为21.04～73.53μm、-20.83～-11.15 mV、106～492 mg/L和973～2 445μS/cm,其统计平均值分别为(43.74±14.12)μm、(-17.95±1.88)mV、(233±90)mg/L和(1 343±331)μS/cm;pH为7.25～7.63.工业废水的排入对排水管网特细颗粒物的粒径分布特征、Zeta电位分布特征以及电导率有显著的影响并呈现出一定的规律性;传统沉砂池对进水中特细颗粒物的去除能力相当有限,特细颗粒物会直接进入生物处理系统.      

新疆部分城市可吸入颗粒物的浓度及粒径分布

采用TH-β10大气颗粒物浓度监测仪,从2011年4-5月在乌鲁木齐、奎屯、阿克苏、库尔勒、喀什、和田市环境监测站采集大气可吸入颗粒物PM2.5、PM5和PM10样品,分析了不同采样点大气颗粒物的质量浓度变化范围及与TSP的相应比值。结果表明,不论是PM2.5、PM5还是PM10,阿克苏市可吸入颗粒物的质量浓度变化幅度较大,其次是库尔勒市,其余采样点在采样期间的浓度变化幅度不大,并且库尔勒、喀什、奎屯、阿克苏四个城市PM5/TSP和PM2.5/TSP的比例大,除喀什、阿克苏的PM10/TSP的比例接近于1之外,其余可吸入颗粒物的浓度均小于TSP;采用显微镜观测成像技术结合血球计数板方法,利用粒径分布函数分析对六个城市的PM10和5个城市的PM2.5颗粒物在不同粒径的分布进行了分析。结果表明,对于PM10而言,阿克苏在dp<0.5的粒径范围内分布函数高达79%、喀什在dp=0.5~0.6μm之间为44%、和田则在dp=1.2~2.2μm出现20%的最大粒径分布函数。就PM2.5而言,库尔勒在dp<0.5、dp=0.5~0.6、0.6~1.2μm区间内的分布函数均为最大值,其值分为79%、50%、50%,可以说明在采样期间,库尔勒市区的颗粒物在粒径小于1.2μm出现的几率更大些,即颗粒物以积聚模态为主。     

霾与非霾期间汞在不同粒径颗粒物上的分布特征

在我国高速经济增长过程中,霾污染日趋突出,同时大气汞污染也十分严重,而颗粒汞对于汞在大气中的循环演化意义重大.为了探讨霾污染期间汞在不同粒径颗粒物中的分布特征,采用Nano-moudi 12级(6.2~9.9μm、3.1~6.2μm,1.8~3.1μm、1.0~1.8μm、0.56~1.0μm、0.32~0.56μm、0.18~0.32μm、0.10~0.18μm,0.056~0.10μm、0.032~0.056μm、0.018~0.032μm、0.010~0.018μm)大气颗粒物采样器,对上海霾与非霾期间不同粒径大气颗粒物中的汞进行分析.结果表明,颗粒态汞含量与颗粒物含量正相关;采样期间霾天颗粒态汞平均浓度0.31 ng·m-3是非霾天颗粒态汞平均浓度0.11 ng·m-3的2~3倍;霾和非霾天颗粒态汞浓度以及颗粒物质量浓度随粒径分布呈双峰型,霾期间峰值分别出现在0.56~1.0μm粒径段和3.1~6.2μm粒径段,而非霾期峰值分别出现在0.32~0.56μm和3.1~6.2μm粒径段;霾天较非霾天颗粒态汞和颗粒物的粒径分布均出现了向大粒径方向偏移;颗粒态汞主要分布在粒径≤1μm粒子上,能够长时间停留和长距离输送;非霾期间颗粒态汞在颗粒物中的平均含量为0.029 ng·μg-1,而霾期间为0.015 ng·μg-1;霾污染过程中其他污染物迅速成长,而汞成长较慢;霾天积聚核模态粒子中颗粒态汞质量浓度为2.06 ng·m-3,而非霾天为0.55 ng·m-3,积聚态颗粒物的大幅增加,是灰霾形成的主要原因.本地源燃煤等的排放以及风沙扬尘的增加和外地源的输送是导致霾天污染严重的重要原因.     

杭州市大气颗粒物浓度及组分的粒径分布

分别于2008年11月及2009年4~5月及10月采集了杭州大气颗粒物样本,测定了杭州市大气颗粒物及其化学组分[元素碳(EC)/有机碳(OC)、11种水溶性离子、20种元素]的浓度,并研究了其粒径分布特征.结果表明,杭州市大气颗粒物质量浓度、EC和OC的质量浓度、9种离子(SO42-、NO3-、K+、Na+、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、NO2-、F-)浓度的粒径分布均显双峰结构,峰值分别出现在<0.49μm的细粒径段与3.00~7.20 μm的粗粒径段; OC、EC、SO42-、NO3-、NH4+以及主要来自人为源的元素(Cu、Zn、As、Se、Sb、Cd)主要集中在<3.0μm的细颗粒物中;杭州市大气细颗粒物中二次污染严重,细颗粒物主要受工业、交通等人为源影响.     

天津市典型城区大气碳质颗粒物的粒径分布特征和来源

为分析天津市典型城区大气碳质颗粒物的粒径分布及其来源,于2009年12月—2010年11月采用9级惯性撞击式分级采样器对大气颗粒物进行采样,采用热光碳分析仪分析了颗粒物中的EC(元素碳)和OC(有机碳)的质量浓度. 结果表明:天津市典型城区大气颗粒物中EC和OC主要存在于细颗粒物中,在≤2.1μm的4个细粒径段中,ρ(EC)的加和年均值为(2.6±0.9)μg/m3,占PM₉(空气动力学直径≤9.0μm)ρ(TEC)的72%;ρ(OC)为(21.5±7.7)μg/m3,占PM₉中ρ(TOC)的60%. ρ(EC)和ρ(OC)季节变化显著,在≤2.1μm粒径段中,春、夏、秋、冬季的ρ(EC)分别为(1.7±0.3)、(2.1±0.4)、(3.1±0.5)和(3.7±0.5)μg/m3;ρ(OC)分别为(17.6±0.4)、(14.4±1.1)、(21.9±1.8)和(32.1±2.5)μg/m3. ρ(EC)峰值分别出现在≤0.43、>0.65~1.1和>4.7~5.8μm 3个粒径段,其中最高值出现在≤0.43μm粒径段;ρ(OC)峰值分别出现在>0.65~1.1和>4.7~5.8μm 2个粒径段,最高值出现在>0.65~1.1μm粒径段. 天津市典型城区细颗粒物中的OC、EC主要来自燃煤、机动车和烹饪排放,粗颗粒物中的OC、EC则更多来自于路面和建筑扬尘.      

Effects of two sludge application on fractionation and phytotoxicity of zinc and copper in the soil

The potential harm of heavy metals is a primary concern in application of sludge to the agricultural land. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two sludges on fractionation of Zn and Cu in soil and their phytotoxicity to pakchoi. The loamy soil was mixed with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (by weight) of digested sewage sludge (SS) and composted sludge (SC). The additions of both sludges caused a significant raise in all fractions, resulting in that exchangeable (EXCH) and organic bound (OM) became predominance of Zn and organic bound Cu occupied the largest portion. There was more available amount of Zn and Cu in SS treatments than SC treatments. During the pot experiment, the concentration of Zn in EXCH, carbonate (CAR) and OM and Cu in EXCH and OM fractions decreased in all treatments, so their bioavailability reduced. Germination rate and plant biomass decreased when the addition rate was high and the best yield appeared in 20% mixtures at the harvest of pakchoi. The two sludges increased tissue contents of Zn and Cu especially in the SS treatments. Zn in pakchoi was not only in relationship to ΔEXCH and ΔCAR forms but also in ΔOM forms in the sludge-soil mixtures. Tissue content of Cu in pakchoi grown on SC-soils could not be predicted by ΔEXCH. These correlation rates between Zn and Cu accumulation in pakchoi and variation of different fractions increased with time, which might indicate that sludges represented stronger impacts on the plant in long-term land application.     

Intraspecific differences in effects of co-contamination of cadmium and

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p ＜ 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.     

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

EDTA-enhanced phytoremediation of lead contaminated soil by Bidens maximowicziana

Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.     

Distribution and ecological effect of mercury in Laogang landfill, Shanghai, China

Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury （HgT）, combinative mercury （Hgc） and gaseous mercury （HgG）, and content of total organic carbon （TOC）, but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of （HgG,/HgT）1992〉（HgG/HgT）1996〉〉（HgG/HgT）2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn： with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants （e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum） are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Enzymatic oxidation of aqueous pentachlorophenol

The influence of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 on pentachlorophenol （PCP） oxidation catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase was studied. The surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above its critical micelle concentration （CMC）. Enhancement of PCP removal was observed at sub-CMCs. The presence of Tween 80 in the reaction mixture reduced enzyme inactivation which occurred through a combination of free radical attack and sorption by precipitated products. A simple first-order model was able to simulate time profiles for enzyme inactivation in the presence or absence of Tween 80. At supra-CMCs, the surfactant caused noticeable reductions in PCP removal, presumably through micelle partitioning of PCP which precluded the hydrophobic PCP molecule from interacting with the enzyme.     

Decomposition of alachlor by ozonation and its mechanism

Decomposition and corresponding mechanism of alachlor, an endocrine disruptor in water by ozonation were investigated. Results showed that alachlor could not be completely mineralized by ozone alone. Many intermediates and final products were formed during the process, including aromatic compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids, and inorganic ions. In evoluting these products, some of them with weak polarity were qualitatively identified by GC-MS. The information of inorganic ions suggested that the dechlorination was the first and the fastest step in the ozonation of alachlor.     

Degradation of metabolites accumulated of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium Chrysogenum with KMnO4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.     

Impact of atrazine and nitrogen fertilizers on the sorption of chlorotoluron in soil and model sorbents

Sorption of chlorotoluron in ammonium sulfate, urea and atrazine multi-solutes system was investigated by batch experiments. The results showed application of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil could affect the behavior of chlorotoluron. At the same concentration of N, sorption of chlorotoluron decreased as the concentration of atrazine increased on the day 0 and 6 in soil, respectively. The sorption of chlorotoluron increased from 0 to 6 d when soils were preincubated with deionized water, ammonium sulfate and urea solution for 6 d. That indicated incubation time was one of the most important factors for the sorption of chlorotoluron in nitrogen fertilizers treatments. The individual sorption isotherms of chlorotoluron in rubbery polymer and silica were strictly linear in single solute system, but there were competition sorption between pesticides or between pesticides and nitrogen fertilizers. That indicated the sorption taken place by concurrent solid-phase dissolution mechanism and sorption on the interface of water-organic matter or water-mineral matter.