面向航天器的无线传感器网络环境可靠性测试分析

以往无线传感器网络环境可靠性测试方法,只能针对单一网络传输情景的可靠性进行测试,测试效果差。提出具备多网络传输情景可靠性测试方法,在分析面向航天器的无线传感器网络ZigBee协议的分层结构以及TIZ-Stack协议栈架构的基础上,从前向纠错机制、多径传输机制、网络编码机制三种网络传输情景角度,获取无线传感器网络环境的可靠度与冗余度,依据二者测试网络环境可靠性。实验结果表明,在误码率为1时,该方法测试三种机制下网络环境可靠度与冗余度平均值分别为0.71与10.8;在仿真时间为1 000 s时,测试三种机制下数据传输延时结果平均仅为742 ms,说明该方法可有效测试无线传感器网络环境可靠性。     

基于大数据的无线传感网络环境可靠性测试分析

目前无线传感器广泛应用于各种领域,网络数据呈现爆发式增多状态,而基于大数据的无线传感网络环境可靠性与无线传感网络环境的安全性以及使用效率具有高度关联性。因此,需要对基于大数据的无线传感网络环境可靠性进行测试。测试步骤为:先采用基于大数据的无线传感网络环境恶意节点识别方法,识别无线传感网络环境中是否存在恶意节点,再构建基于大数据的无线传感网络环境可靠性测试模型,测试存在恶意节点的无线传感网络环境可靠性。经研究结果表明,本文模型测试结果和实际情况几乎一致,可在较低冗余度上高精度测试基于大数据的无线传感网络环境可靠性,且在具备不同数量恶意节点的网络环境中,本文模型测试后的无线传感网络丢包率仅有1.22%,对网络数据破坏力较低。     

智能电能表温升检测无线传感节点设计

针对智能电能表温升检测存在的问题,提出了一种基于无线传感网的自动检测系统,进而阐述了传感器节点的设计,介绍了节点设计的关键技术,给出了硬件印制板图和实物图。     

饮用水净化与给水工程

城市供水自动化两级调度系统 1.成果简介 　　“城市供水自动化两级调度系统”现已在大同市自来水公司安装试运行。本系统由测量点和调度点通过无线 /有线通信方式,构成测控网络。测量点包括水源井、测压点、用户和加压站,加压站内又分为泵房加压泵和清水池两测量点,调度点包括公司与水厂,自来水公司为第一级调度,水厂为第二级调度。自来水公司可以调度水厂和所有测量点,水厂只调度其所辖的测量点。 　　自来水公司和水厂安装有微机有 /无线数传机设备及天线系统。微机设备包括前台微机和后台微机及打印机。数台机为针对供水系统点研…     

基于手机APP的便携式智能无线FDR传感器系统的设计

设计了一种基于频域反射法(FDR)且具有充电功能的无线便携式传感器,能够实现自动采集、无线传输、便携充电等功能。该采集单元以单片机为核心,采用MC9S082AW60进行数据采集,通过无线传输技术进行实时传输,实现了FDR传感器的高精度、实时性强、携带方便等优点。该传感器使用简单,携带方便,适合操作人员在现场随时进行采集。     

基于LabVIEW的环境噪声自动监测系统设计

针对现有噪声监测系统的理论研究较多,没有成熟产品的问题,本文设计了基于LabVIEW软件的环境噪声自动监测系统。利用电声性能较好的驻极体噪声传感器对噪声信号进行采集,LabVIEW软件将噪声数据采集到上位机,并对原始信号进行分析、处理,再通过无线传输模块将分析好的噪声值发送到噪声监测终端,实现了噪声的自动管理及监测。本系统具有测量精度高、稳定性好、环境适应性强等特点。     

水污染在线监测系统的探究

针对石油系统环境监测点分布较广且处于野外,基于传统有线网络的数据采集系统应用受到限制的情况,在研究了3G网络原理和数据采集系统基础上,设计了适合在广阔地域或野外作业的水污染无线数据采集系统。污染源实时在线监控系统可以在"无人值守"的状态下,使企业的环境工作者更细致地了解废水排放的污染情况。     

基于远程医疗的血压监测系统硬件设计与电磁兼容分析

本文研究设计了袖带式电子血压监测系统,其中硬件部分主要由传感器信号采集模块,MCU控制模块和无线传输模块等组成。该系统具有低功耗、易携带、实时传输等特点。本文重点讨论了血压监测系统在PCB设计、排版布线及调试电路板过程中的电磁兼容问题,以及在器件选型方面的电磁兼容研究。测试结果表明该系统具有良好的电磁兼容性和实际应用价值。     

基于PLC的电器能效测试系统设计

文章通过介绍一种基于PLC并符合GB 21519-2008要求的储水式热水器能效测试系统设计方案,研究PLC在电器能效测试的应用。该系统采用PLC作为下位机,控制电磁阀通断给所检测的样品供水和排水,通过读取能耗检测元件信号计算出能耗值,通过重量传感器输出量的变化换算得出储水式热水器的容积,利用温度模块测得样机各点的温度值;上位机采用PC机,利用组态软件,对现场实施监控与数据实时处理,通过友好的界面快速、实时、准确分析、计算、储存能效值。该系统的设计能有效地提高能效测试的可靠性和工作效率。     

输电线对通信线路干扰测试的微机实现

我们研究並实现了微机控制的输电线路等效干扰电流I_e(或电压U_e)的自动测试系统。该系统是由TP801单板机(带有TP801P微打机)、NOWA—1AC电力线谐波分析仪(具有微处理机及IEC—625通用接口总线系统)和少量接口电路构成。NOWA—1受TP801远程控制。该系统主要用软件实现,可用来自动统计测量I_e或U_e。在现场可按需要进行定时和无人值守的测试。 经多次在现场测试使用,证明该系统具有精度高、工作可靠和操作方便等优点。它是有关方面进行科研测试的有力工具,实用价值较大。     

ON PRECIPITATION SENSOR NETWORK DENSITIES FOR EVALUATING WINTERTIME OROGRAPHIC CLOUD SEEDING EXPERIMENTS1

Principal component analysis is used to investigate density requirements of wintertime orographic cloud seeding experiment precipitation sensor networks. Three passes in the vicinity of Climax, Colorado are studied. The eighteen or more evenly spaced precipitation sensors of each pass are almost completely described by three principal components. These three principal components appear to represent (i) mean precipitation, (ii) slope orientation to storm systems, and (iii) elevation. Evaluation of these principal components is implemented with two distribution-free tests, a proportionality test and the runs test. The results of this study suggest that the loss of experimental information caused by low density precipitation sensor networks may be of little consequence.     

浅谈深圳市环境监督管理全覆盖移动执法系统的建设和应用

环境监督管理全覆盖移动执法系统,是利用现代无线通信技术、计算机技术等先进技术手段,利用手持终端(PDA)、手提电脑等设备,通过无线数字通信网的支持,实现在任何执法地点都可从后台业务系统中获取所需的业务数据、文字、图片、视频等信息,同时将现场执法的信息及时回传至后台系统中。本文介绍了移动执法系统的建设以及应用的情况。     

An investigation of the effects from the user’s hand and head over received level and adaptive power control of a GSM mobile phone in typical operating environment

Current evolution of wireless personal communications has necessitated a comprehensive understanding of electromagnetic interactions between handset antennas and nearby human body. In this work the handset–human body interactions were evaluated in various configurations (with and without user’s hand; with and without user’s head, and combinations of them) in order to obtain statistical averages of the overall performance for system link evaluations. The measurements were performed using the random-field measurement (RFM) method, and thus the acquisition of large amounts of data about human–mobile phone interactions in typical operating environment with measured the received RF signal strength (RXLEV), and the output power level (TXLEV) on mobile station. The RXLEV and the TXLEV was measured over the air interface in the networks on two Bulgarian GSM mobile operators (Mtel and Vivatel). Both uplink and downlink measurements were performed in urban area in three cities. Each measurements were carried out in a building included both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight propagation of the electromagnetic waves between mobile station and base station. The results showed that the user’s hand and head induces more significant changes on the received RF signal strength in case when broadcast control channel (BCCH) levels are up to −60 dBm. Also the alterations of receiving RF signal strength and output power level of the MS are influence stronger from the larger size of the hand and head of user. The influence from presence of the head and hand of the subscriber in talk position over the alteration of the receiving RF signal strength is in boundaries from 14.21 dBm to 19.1 dBm (man) and from 8.5 dBm to 12.05 dBm (woman). The presence of the user’s hand and head increased the output power level of mobile station with 12 dBm to 14 dBm (man) and with 10 dBm to 12 dBm (woman) compare to output power level without user’s hand and head.     

基于多模态感知的危险废物环境风险评估与预警研究

为了有效地防范化解危险废物的环境风险,亟须构建风险的精细化评估与实时智能预警系统。然而,危险废物特性复杂、全过程流转链条长,传统的单一感知数据并不能满足环境风险评估和预警的需求。因此,本文提出基于多模态感知的危险废物环境风险评估与预警方法,采用物联网、大数据、人工智能等技术手段,实现危险废物基础信息、环境要素、空间信息的多模态实时感知,并通过感知信息的融合、分析,进行准则判断或现象描述。围绕以上研究思路,本文针对危险废物贮存环节及非法倾倒两个重要风险因子释放情景,设计了基于多模态感知的风险评估与预警方法,以期为危险废物环境风险的管控提供相应的服务与决策。     

Measurements of human exposure from emerging wireless technologies

The rapid development of wireless technologies leads to increased human exposure to electromagnetic fields from new devices. Most of these technologies communicate in short to medium range. Communication devices, such as mobile phones (GSM, UMTS, LTE) and wireless computer networks (WLAN, HSDPA, WIMAX) usually work at distances up to some 10 km. Other techniques like Bluetooth, RFID, and wireless USB work at distances up to a few meters. RFID systems can use several frequency bands from low frequencies up to microwaves. The other technologies are mainly using microwave frequencies. Most of these technologies have a rather low-output power, typically <1 W average power, except for fixed transmitters like base stations. This means that the exposure from distant sources is low. If the devices are kept close to the body, the local exposure can be in the range of the levels in the ICNIRP recommendation; this is the case, for example, for mobile phones and WLAN transmitters in laptops. For distant sources, there exist several measurement techniques such as spectrum analysers, measurement receivers, and broadband meters. For sources used close to the body, the local SAR levels have to be determined. For this purpose, instruments measuring the local electric field inside body phantoms have been developed. An alternative to measurements is numerical simulations. If one has knowledge of the signal characteristics of the different technologies then it is possible to find a suitable measurement technique to assess the human exposure.     

振动试验中加速度传感器的选择

参与振动试验中振动量值的获得,最直接也是主要的单元之一是加速度传感器。本文将重点对压电式加速度传感器的工作原理及影响其选型的主要因素进行探讨.     

The implementation of a measurement system for brushless DC motor parameters

Most of the energy conversion in industrial devices and equipment is completed by the motor. The acquirement of motor parameters becomes very important for designing the motor drives. The aim of this paper is to design and implement a motor measurement system. Through the processing of an Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) microcontroller, the various parameters of motors such as input voltage, input current, input power, motor speed, and motor torque can be obtained. Consequently, the torque constant, load torque, viscous friction, and the inertia of the motor are calculated and achieved. The motor parameters can be commanded and displayed in the designed human interface of a PC via USB communication. The hardware system designed in this system includes an ARM microcontroller, an inverter, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a torque sensor, and power supply. The software programming is developed under the Visual Studio 2012 environment development platform using the C language. Finally, the prototype of the motor measurement system is completed and verified. The experimental results for the motor parameters and torque/speed characteristic are demonstrated and show the feasibility of the complete designed system.     

基于ZigBee技术的电力环境监测系统设计

为了解决电力环境监测中的数据传输问题,提出了基于ZigBee技术的电力环境监测系统设计方案。该系统通过ZigBee节点采集各种电力环境数据,并将ZigBee网络和GPRS相结合实现远程监测。方案采用TI公司CC2430芯片设计传感器节点电路,在ZigBee协议栈的基础上设计了协调控制器节点,提高了系统的可扩展性,确保了数据传输的实时性和可靠性。     

Autonomous real-time adaptive management of soil salinity using a receding horizon control algorithm: a pilot-scale demonstration

Soil salinization is a potentially negative side effect of irrigation with reclaimed water. While optimization schemes have been applied to soil salinity control, these have typically failed to take advantage of real-time sensor feedback. This study incorporates current soil observation technologies into the optimal feedback-control scheme known as Receding Horizon Control (RHC) to enable successful autonomous control of soil salinization. RHC uses real-time sensor measurements, physically-based state prediction models, and optimization algorithms to drive field conditions to a desired environmental state by manipulating application rate or irrigation duration/frequency. A simulation model including the Richards equation coupled to energy and solute transport equations is employed as a state estimator. Vertical multi-sensor arrays installed in the soil provide initial conditions and continuous feedback to the control scheme. An optimization algorithm determines the optimal irrigation rate or frequency subject to imposed constraints protective of soil salinization. A small-scale field test demonstrates that the RHC scheme is capable of autonomously maintaining specified salt levels at a prescribed soil depth. This finding suggests that, given an adequately structured and trained simulation model, sensor networks, and optimization algorithms can be integrated using RHC to autonomously achieve water reuse and agricultural objectives while managing soil salinization.     

压力传感器位移分析及疲劳寿命预测

完成了依据有限元疲劳分析为基础的传感器寿命预测研究工作。阐述压力传感器工作原理,定义影响系统寿命的参数组,既包含力学环境参数,亦包括材料属性、几何形式等结构参数。针对不同参数属性,依据疲劳强度计算需求,构建有限元数值计算模型;根据影响传感器寿命的传感单元单晶硅S-N(应力-循环)分布,完成变载荷输入条件下模型疲劳分析,依据数值计算结果完成该压力传感器寿命预测工作。结果表明:压力传感器使用寿命在7.068E8次数以上。本课题研究提出的新方法,摆脱了传统依靠试验完成多种材料组成结构体的疲劳分析及寿命预测窘境,具有通用性。