德国污水处理考虑减排的工程实例及思考

探讨污水处理系统脱氮和污泥消化中的减排潜力,即开发污泥碳源和能源。本文所列举的德国工程实例说明污泥裂解技术可以大幅改善污水处理系统的碳排放特性,并且通过污泥厌氧消化实现能源自给。     

污泥厌氧消化技术发展应用现状及趋势

简介了污泥厌氧消化技术的情况;以美国、欧盟和日本为侧重点,对该技术在国内外的主要研究进展和应用现状做了较详细的描述;提出了国内的污泥厌氧消化技术研究重点,展望了该技术的发展趋势。     

污水厂污泥与厨余垃圾厌氧/混合厌氧消化研究进展

本文主要对国内外城市污水厂污泥与厨余垃圾混合厌氧消化的研究进行了综述,介绍了厌氧消化技术在污水厂污泥和厨余垃圾处理处置中的应用,对两种废物单独厌氧消化和混合厌氧消化技术进行了比较,分析了城市污水厂污泥与厨余垃圾混合厌氧消化的可行性以及工艺参数对混合厌氧消化的影响,并对城市污水厂污泥与厨余垃圾的混合厌氧消化技术的研究和应用提出了展望。     

厌氧氨氧化污水处理技术及实际应用

作为一种新型的脱氮工艺,厌氧氨氧化技术在进行污水处理的过程中以其节能降耗,且污泥产生量小的独特优势在国内外备受推崇和关注。近年来,以其为主体的污水处理技术也实现了在各类污水废水处理中的成功应用,有较好的环境和经济效益。文章基于对厌氧氨氧化污水处理技术的研究,分析和探讨了厌氧氨氧化菌、厌氧氨氧化工艺以及污水处理实际应用等,并指出了该项技术在污水处理中的应用前景。     

污泥高固体厌氧消化研究进展

厌氧消化是实现污泥的减量化、稳定化和资源化的重要手段,相对于传统的低浓度污泥厌氧消化工艺高固体污泥厌氧消化可以直接利用污水处理厂排放的脱水污泥,具有设施体积小、单位容积产气率较高和水耗及能耗较低等优势。本文综述了近年来污泥高固体消化的研究进展,从污泥高固体厌氧消化的基本特征出发,总结了污泥高固体厌氧消化的影响因素和对反应器的要求;同时对污泥高固体消化存在的搅拌不匀、传质传热困难、有机质降解率偏低、搅拌系统不成熟等问题作了简要分析,这些问题都还有待于深入研究解决。     

污泥与餐厨垃圾联合厌氧技术的研究及应用

对国内外城市污水污泥与餐厨垃圾混合厌氧消化的研究进行了综述,介绍了厌氧消化技术在以上两种废弃物处理处置中的不足,提出了污水污泥与餐厨垃圾联合厌氧消化的可行性,分析了该技术的研究及应用现状,并对未来的研究热点及方向进行了展望。     

混凝沉淀技术及其在纺织印染废水处理中的应用前景

本文对纺织印染污水处理中采用的几种混凝剂进行小结与评价，并开展一些技术讨论，从而确定了混凝沉淀技术在纺织工业污水处理中的应用前景。     

餐厨垃圾厌氧消化系统酸化调控研究进展

介绍了餐厨垃圾的特点，针对餐厨垃圾在厌氧消化过程中容易出现的酸化抑制，梳理了目前常用的缓冲溶液添加、多元物料混合厌氧消化和两相厌氧消化等酸化调控技术，以及处于研发阶段的生物预处理、添加生物炭、驯化培养耐酸型产甲烷菌等酸化调控技术。比较了各种技术的优势与不足，提出未来的技术路径和研究方向，以期为餐厨垃圾厌氧消化工程的稳定运行提供技术支撑。     

市政污泥与高浓度废弃物的厌氧共消化：一种生物质能源净产生的途径

厌氧共消化是一种绿色、实用的回收废弃物中能源的技术。本文介绍了厌氧共消化技术的原理，并介绍了美国佐治亚州F. Wayne Hil水资源处理中心采用油脂废弃物（FOG）和含糖工业废水与市政污泥进行连续流厌氧共消化的实际应用案例。结果表明，厌氧共消化可显著提高甲烷产量达2倍以上，甲烷产量随着高浓度有机废弃物负荷率及厌氧消化反应器停留时间的延长而增加，且COD和VS降解率可保持在合理范围内，经济效益显著。     

市政污泥分级分相厌氧消化技术

<正>由中持水务股份有限公司开发的市政污泥分级分相厌氧消化技术,适用于含水量约80%的污泥处置。主要技术内容一、基本原理采用高温水解酸化、中温甲烷化分级分相两级反应系统,提高污泥可生化性,破解了污泥厌氧消化的限速步骤。厌氧消化时间比单级单相厌氧消化缩短30%,污泥有机物降解率大于50%,沼气产率提高35%。     

厌氧生物处理技术在抗生素废水处理中的应用

抗生素废水是一类成分复杂、硫酸盐浓度高、含有多种抑制性物质的高浓度难降解有机废水，主要来源于抗生素生产废水、洗涤废水和冷却水等。分析了抗生素废水的来源和水质特征，介绍了国内外抗生素废水治理的各种厌氧生物处理技术方法及其应用，最后对厌氧生物法应用于抗生素废水处理的前景进行了展望。     

An overview on biogas generation from anaerobic digestion of food waste

Food waste is an inevitable type of waste in every city, and its treatment technology evolves with time. Due to the high organic content and high biodegradability of food waste, anaerobic digestion becomes a commonly accepted treatment method to deal with it. This review article summarizes key factors for anaerobic digestion and provides useful information for successful anaerobic digestions. Reasonable temperature and pH are essential for a successful and productive anaerobic digestion process. A good inoculum to substrate ratio triggers a profitable food waste digestion. Good mixing and small particle sizes are important factors too. In addition, the pros and cons of different reactors to food waste digestion are highlighted. Moreover, co-digestion of food waste with animal manures, sewage sludge, and green waste were introduced.     

Biogas production from pistachio (Pistaciavera L.) de-hulling waste

Pistachio processing wastes create significant waste management problems unless properly managed. However, there are not well-established methods to manage the waste generated during the processing of pistachios. Anaerobic digestion can be an attractive option not only for the management of pistachio processing wastes but also producing renewable energy in the form of biogas. This study investigated anaerobic digestibility and biogas production potential of pistachio de-hulling waste from wet de-hulling process. Best to our knowledge, this is the first report on biogas production from pistachio de-hulling waste. The results indicated that (1) anaerobic digestion of pistachio de-hulling wastewater, solid waste, and their mixtures in different ratios is possible with varying levels of performance; (2) 1 L of de-hulling wastewater (chemical oxygen demand concentration of 30 g/L) produced 0.7 L of methane; (3) 1 L of de-hulling wastewater and 20 g of pistachio de-hulling solid waste produced 1.25 L of methane; and (4) 1 g of de-hulling solid waste produced 62.6 mL of methane (or 134 mL of biogas).     

Regeneration of industrial district wastewater using a combination of Fenton process and ion exchange—A case study

Regeneration studies of wastewater effluent from an organized industrial district (OID) for possible reuse in textile industry as process water was investigated. Advanced treatment methods including Fenton process, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) coagulation and ion exchange were applied on OID effluent. In Fenton process removal efficiencies for suspended solids (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), SAC₄₃₆ (spectral absorption coefficient), SAC₅₂₅ and SAC₆₂₀ were determined 61%, 36%, 35%, 49% and 67%, respectively. After Fenton process, wastewater samples were coagulated with PAC. Optimum removal efficiencies for SS, COD, Fe ion, SAC₄₃₆, SAC₅₂₅ and SAC₆₂₀ were determined 83%, 18%, 93%, 32%, 36% and 58%, respectively. Ion exchange experiments were conducted on chemically coagulated wastewater samples to improve the quality of wastewater. Optimum dosage of resins was determined. The experiments revealed that 1:1 resin ratio (20 mL H-type resin:20 mL OH-type resin) gave the best removal rates for the parameters considered in this study. Study results indicated that quality of the wastewater was suitable for the process water characteristics of textile industry and unit wastewater treatment cost was determined as 2.54 €/m³.     

啤酒废水治理技术研究现状

啤酒废水具有水量大、污染物浓度高、易生物降解的特点。介绍了当前厌氧一好氧的组合工艺中UASB—SBR工艺、UASB—CASS工艺、EGSB一接触氧化工艺、USFB—AODT工艺、水解酸化-UASB—A／O工艺等主流工艺的原理和研究现状,以及射流曝气MBR5-艺、双极室联合工艺、光合细菌治理工艺等将来啤酒废水治理热点技术,并对啤酒废水治理技术的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

现代厌氧反应器的现状与发展

回顾了厌氧反应器发展的三个阶段，对现代反应器的结构与应用情况进行了详细的介绍，认为目前主要研究与应用的热点是以现代反应器为代表的工艺；以膜技术和分阶段多相多级技术将是未来污水处理技术的主导技术；以复合反应器代表的工艺在处理城市生活污水，处理垃圾渗滤液以及有毒物质废水等将具有更多的优势。在能源资源短缺、环境日益恶化的今天，处理能力强、适用范围广、耗能少等优点的厌氧反应器有着广泛的应用前景与研究价值。