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人体中含有过量的锶引起大骨节病,影响牙齿的性能,对正在发育的儿童危害性更大。锶的测定可采用火焰光度、发射光谱、X-萤光光谱、中子活化及火焰原子吸收等方法。但对很多环境样品,上述方法有的灵敏度不够,有的因共存元素引起干扰而需要采用各种繁杂的分离步骤。由于石墨炉原子吸收法具有灵敏度高、取样量少之特点,适用于测定环境样品 相似文献
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海洋生物样品中有机汞的测定 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
本文介绍了一种用冷原子吸收(萤光)测汞仪测定海洋生物样品中有机汞含量的方法。该法具有取样量小、操作简单、灵敏度较高、重现性较好的特点。该法测定结果与“苯萃取——半胱氨酸反萃取”法所得结果具有良好的相关性。 相似文献
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本文对氢化物发生——原子光谱分析在环境监测中的应用进行评述,列举了它在As、Bi、Ge、Pb、Sb、Te等元素的监测分析,多元素同时测定及价态、形态分析中的应用实例,共引用文献113篇。 相似文献
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APDC—MIBK萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定植物样品中的锑 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
锑是一种对人体和动植物有毒的金属,能够在作物和蔬菜中残留富集。目前关于植物样品中锑的检测方法比较多,有孔雀绿和罗丹明B(Rhodamin B)分光光度法、极谱法和原子吸收分光光度法等。其中用得较多的是原子吸收分光光度法,但大多采用氢化物—火焰法或者电热原子法,前者需要配套的氢化物发生器,后者一般的仪器都没有安装电热原子化装置。水相直接进样,灵敏度低,利用有机溶剂 相似文献
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分离羧酸的液相色谱法主要是阴离子交换、离子排斥和反相色谱法。虽然HPLC中,紫外吸收是最通用的检测方法,但由于多数脂肪族羧酸的分子中缺乏强的发色基因,使方法的选择性和灵敏度受到影响。与无机离子的测定相同,用电导检测器检测羧酸时,由于淋洗液烯酸和弱酸盐具有高的电导,而基线噪音很大程度上取决于本底电导的大小,只有当淋洗液的本底电导很小时才能得到较大的检测灵敏度。减小本底电导的最有效方法是用淋洗液化学抑制法。与紫外吸收法相比,用化学抑制型电导检测器的离子色谱法,对羧酸的检测灵敏度最少 相似文献
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《国际环境与污染杂志》2011,10(2):304-314
This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in brightness with increasing optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight. These observations, respectively, are shown to imply that the peak value of the bidirectional total reflectivity from a cloud surface (i) increases in inverse proportion to the cosine of the angle between the Sun and the normal to the cloud surface, as the incident angle increases, (ii) appears to be directed back in the direction of the incident radiation, and (iii) increases as optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight increases. The results could have application in many fields (e.g. modelling diffuse radiance distributions for cloudy skies). 相似文献
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Alfred Eisner Jacob Tadmor 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(4):400-401
A number of key projects in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) particulate R&;D program having applicability to industry are presented. For electrostatic precipitators (ESP) there is presented the result of work on large diameter discharge electrodes which provide a decrease in penetration of up to a factor of 4 when compared to conventional small diameter electrodes. Also discussed is the multistage ESP which provides a collection efficiency that would require a collecting plate area 4 or 5 times larger with conventional ESP technology. The E-SOX technology makes use of the multistage concept to free up space in the ESP for SO2 removals of up to 90%. Electrostatically augmented fabric filtration provides a reduction in pressure drop of about 5 0% as compared to conventional fabric filtration. Wind tunnel modeling of windbreaks for material storage piles indicates a potential for providing engineering design data that would allow significant emission reduction caused by wind erosion 相似文献
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Árpád Ambrus 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):435-442
Abstract A computer model was used to take random samples from primary sample populations obtained from field trials to simulate the uncertainty of sampling for residue analysis of plant commodities and soil. The results indicate about 40%, 30% and 20% relative uncertainty when random samples of size 5, 10 and 25 are taken respectively, from a single lot. Therefore the sample size should be the same for establishing and enforcing legal limits. 相似文献
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结合扬中生态环境的基本情况和存在的不足,进行了具体分析,对扬中未来生态建设的发展方向提出了建议及实施措施。 相似文献
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在实施ISO/IEC17025:1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中,通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析,识别出内部审核实施阶段的关键环节,提出召开首次会议、收集审核证据、确定审核发现和召开末次会议的技术方法,对提高内部审核的质量和有效性、获得可靠的审核结论具有重要意义。 相似文献
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介绍了电解法生产次氯酸钠的原理 ,并在原有生产工艺的基础上进行了重新设计和对设备的重新选择、改造 ,得出了各个工艺参数的最佳值 ,生产出高品质的次氯酸钠 相似文献
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Philip W. West J. Jaime Chiang 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):671-673
A method is described for determining acidity by means of the spectrophotometric determination of the displacement of the equilibrium of açid-base indicators. The method is simple, sensitive and free of known interferences. There is no dependence on costly or sophisticated equipment and the results obtained are reliable and reproducible. 相似文献
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《环境工程学报》2016,(3)
通过测定和分析阳宗海表层沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)和同步提取重金属(SEM)的含量和分布特征,采用SEM/AVS方法对阳宗海表层沉积物中重金属的生物有效性进行评估;同时,采用生物有效阈值法评估了单一重金属的生物有效性。研究得出以下结论:阳宗海表层沉积物中AVS含量为15.09~149.74μmol/g,平均值为49.42μmol/g,从南向北呈递减趋势;AVS在南部和中部均与湖泊水深呈现正相关关系;∑SEM(包括Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn、Mn、As、Cd)含量分布波动较小,其范围为4.84~16.10μmol/g,平均值为10.28μmol/g,其分布规律为北部大于南部;阳宗海各采样点SEM/AVS1,说明阳宗海表层沉积物中重金属不会对生物产生不良影响;从单一重金属来看,Pb可能经常产生生物毒性,Cu有可能产生生物毒性,其他金属除部分点可能产生生物毒性外,整体上几乎不会产生生物毒性。 相似文献