Adsorption of formaldehyde vapor by amine-functionalized mesoporous silica materials

The amine-functionalized mesoporous silica materials were prepared via the co-condensation reaction of tetraethoxysilane and three types of organoalkoxysilanes： 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, n-（2-aminoethyl）-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-（2-（2- aminoehtylamino）ethylamino） propyl-trimethoxysilane. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was used as a template for forming pores, Specific surface area and pore volume of the amine-functionalized mesoporous silica materials were determined using surface area and pore size analyzer. Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscope was employed for identifying the functional groups on pore surface. In addition, the amine-functionalized mesoporous silica materials were applied as adsorbents for adsorbing formaldehyde vapor. FTIR spectra showed the evidence of the reaction between formaldehyde molecules and amine groups on pore surface of adsorbents. The equilibrium data of formaldehyde adsorbed on the adsorbents were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm. The sample functionalized from n-（2-aminoethyl）-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane showed the highest adsorption capacity owing to its amine groups and the large pore diameter.     

V~(5+)/TiO_2-SiO_2-GF复合光催化剂制备及降解甲醛的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纯TiO2、TiO2-SiO2、V5+/TiO2-SiO2光催化剂,并分别负载于玻璃纤维布上,利用X射线衍射(XRD)和比表面及孔隙度(BET)分析技术对样品进行了表征。以甲醛的降解率来评价复合光催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明:玻璃纤维布预处理方式、TiO2与SiO2的复合配比、V的掺杂量、煅烧温度对纳米TiO2的光催化活性有影响。V5+/TiO2-SiO2复合光催化剂比表面积为143.74 m2/g,晶粒粒径为16.9 nm。     

聚苯胺/TiO2-SiO2复合催化剂去除空气中甲醛的研究

为提高空气净化效果,研究了聚苯胺(PANi)/TiO2-SiO2复合催化剂对甲醛的吸附和协同光催化作用.考察了TiO2-SiO2涂敷层数、PANi浓度和不同酸(有机酸、盐酸)掺杂对紫外光催化氧化甲醛的影响,以及PANi/TiO2-SiO2在可见光下去除甲醛的效果.结果表明,复合聚苯胺的存在使吸光范围拓展到可见光区,提高了对甲醛的吸附.涂敷3层TiO2-SiO2、吸附浓度0.26g/L的PANi溶液所得复合催化剂紫外光催化效果最好,与没有PANi的催化剂相比,使甲醛去除率提高2倍.有机酸掺杂比无机酸掺杂的PANi复合催化剂紫外光催化甲醛的初期反应快,但最终甲醛的去除率相同.PANi/TiO2-SiO2具有显著的可见光催化氧化去除甲醛的活性,对低浓度甲醛氧化去除速率更快.     

纳米Au/TiO2薄膜真空紫外光催化降解甲醛

为提高真空紫外光催化对甲醛的去除率并降低副产物O3的浓度,采用低温吸附法在TiO2薄膜上负载纳米Au.研究比较了UV254nm光催化(TiO2/UV)、真空紫外光降解(VUV)、真空紫外光催化(TiO2/VUV)等3种方法对低浓度甲醛的降解效果.结果表明,TiO2/VUV对甲醛的去除率显著高于VUV和TiO2/UV.TiO2表面负载纳米Au粒子能促进光生电子和空穴的分离.因此,在真空紫外光催化降解过程中, Au/TiO2不仅提高甲醛的降解率,还显著分解副产物臭氧,使尾气臭氧浓度降低32%.而且Au/TiO2薄膜在真空紫外光催化过程中具有很好的稳定性.     

TiO_2/SiO_2纳米介孔复合薄膜的制备及其光催化降解性能研究

采用两步溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2/SiO2纳米介孔复合薄膜,经X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和透射及扫描电子显微镜(TEM,SEM)表征,显示介孔复合薄膜中锐钛矿型TiO2纳米粒子均匀分散在 SiO2介孔基底中,经光催化降解氨气的试验,结果表明该介孔复合薄膜的光催化活性比普通的TiO2粒子有较大的提高.     

金属泡沫镍负载纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛和VOCs

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了3种掺杂金属离子的纳米TiO₂光催化剂,并将其负载于泡沫镍板上,以室内空气典型污染物甲醛和VOCs为模型反应物,研究了对甲醛和VOCs气体的光催化作用并讨论了La³⁺的最佳掺杂比例以及环境因素对光催化效率的影响.结果表明:该TiO₂催化剂具有良好的锐钛矿型结构;负载掺La 1.5%TiO₂的泡沫镍板90min对甲醛和VOCs的降解率分别为94%和87%,远高于未掺:83%和72%,掺Fe     

Activated carbon supported TiO2-photocatalysis doped with Fe ions for continuous treatment of dye wastewater in a dynamic reactor

Fe-doped TiO2 coated on activated carbon (Fe-TiO2/AC, FTA) composites were prepared by an improved sol-gel method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray di ractometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and BET surface area analysis. Obtained FTA composites were applied to the continuous treatment of dye wastewater in a dynamic reactor. The e ects of Fe ion content, catalyst content, UV-lamp power and flowrate of the continuous treatment of dye wastewater on degradation e ciency were analyzed to determine the optimum operating conditions of dye wastewater degradation. Continuous photocatalytic experiments provided interesting results that FTA had a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate compared with TiO2, Fe doped TiO2 (FT) and TiO2 coated on activated carbon (TA). In particular, when using the FTA catalyst with a Fe ion content of 0.33%, the kinetic content (k = 0.0376) of COD removal was more than the sum of both TA (0.0205) and 0.33% FT (0.0166). FTA showed a high photoactivity because of a synergistic e ect between Fe ions and AC on TiO2, which is higher than the individual e ects of AC or Fe ions on TiO2. Additionally, for the photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater, the optimum Fe ion content, catalyst content, UV-lamp power and flowrate were 0.33%, 6 g/L, 60 W (two lamps) and 300 mL/hr, respectively. An investigation of catalyst reuse revealed that the 0.33% FTA showed almost no deactivation in photocatalytic degradation of naturally treated wastewater.     

Effect of platinum on the photocatalytic degradation of chlorinated organic compound

TiO2 nanoparticles, doped with di erent Pt contents, were prepared by a modified photodeposition method using Degussa P-25 TiO2, H2PtCl6 6H2O and methanol as the solvents. The physicochemical properties of Pt/TiO2 were investigated by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm measurement technique, X-ray di raction analysis and photoluminescence spectra, respectively. Reaction rates from photocatalytic removal of dichloromethane over Degussa P-25 TiO2 and Pt/TiO2 were evaluated. The average diameter and BET surface area of the TiO2 catalyst particles were 300 nm and 50 m2/g, respectively. The degradation e ciency was 99.0%, 82.7%, 55.2%, and 57.9% with TiO2 at inlet concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm, respectively. And the degradation e ciency was 99.3%, 79.7%, 76.5%, and 73.4% with a 0.005 wt.% Pt/TiO2 at inlet concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm, respectively. In addition, we found that the photoluminescence emission peak intensities decreased with increases in the doping amount of Pt, which indicates that the irradiative recombination was weakened. Furthermore, the results showed that the UV/0.005 wt.% Pt/TiO2 process was capable of e ciently decomposing gaseous DCM in air.     

纳米TiO2薄膜在不同基质表面的负载及光催化性能

以釉面陶瓷和普通钠钙玻璃为载体,用溶胶凝胶法在其表面进行了纳米TiO2薄膜的负载.采用X射线衍射法(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对薄膜进行了表征与分析.结果表明,TiO2为完全的锐钛矿型,平均粒径约为15nm;TiO2薄膜在2种载体上分布均匀,膜厚约为300nm;TiO2薄膜在釉面陶瓷表面呈连续分布,而在玻璃表面上出现了破裂现象;2种载体中的一些基质离子在TiO2薄膜均有渗透.光降解实验表明,2种载体上的TiO2薄膜对亚甲基蓝的降解均符合一级反应动力学.TiO2/釉面陶瓷催化活性大于TiO2/玻璃,该薄膜对实际生产多菌灵废水具有催化降解作用.2种载体上的TiO2薄膜重复使用20次,对亚甲基蓝的去除率降低约2%.     

Treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 by zero-valent iron/activated carbon combined with microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite

A comparative study of treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 using zero-valent iron/activated carbon (ZVI/AC), microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite (MDEL/NaClO) and the combination of ZVI/ACMDEL/ NaClO was conducted. The preliminary results showed the two steps method of ZVI/AC-MDEL/NaClO had much higher degradation e ciency than both single steps. The final color removal percentage was nearly up to 100% and the chemical oxygen demand reduction percentage was up to approximately 82%. The e ects of operational parameters, including initial pH value of simulated wastewater, ZVI/AC ratio and particle size of ZVI were also investigated. In addition, from the discussion of synergistic e ect between ZVI/AC and MEDL/NaClO, we found that in the ZVI/AC-MEDL/NaClO process, ZVI/AC could break the azo bond firstly and then MEDL/NaClO degraded the aromatic amine products e ectively. Reversing the order would reduce the degradation e ciency.     

Formaldehyde degradation by UV/TiO2/O3process using continuous flow mode

The degradation of formaldehyde gas was studied using UV/TiO2/O3 process under the condition of continuous flow mode. The effects of humidity, initial formaldehyde concentration, residence time and ozone adding amount on degradation of formaldehyde gas were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the combination of ozonation with photocatalytic oxidation on the degradation of formaldehyde showed a synergetic action, e.g,, it could considerably increase decomposing of formaldehyde. The degradation efficiency of formaldehyde was between 73.6% and 79.4% while the initial concentration in the range of 1.84--24 mg/m^3 by O3/TiO2flJV process. The optimal humidity was about 50% in UV/TiO2/O3 processs and degradation of formaldehyde increases from 39.0% to 94.1% when the ozone content increased from 0 to 141 mg/m^3. Furthermore, the kinetics of formaldehyde degradation reaction could be described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The rate constant k of 46.72 mg/（m^3.min） and Langmuir adsorption coefficient K of 0.0268 m^3/mg were obtained.     

负载TiO2的泡沫镍网光催化降解甲醛的膜厚优化

采用负载TiO2的泡沫镍网光催化降解甲醛,考虑内部和外部质量传递,建立了可预测优化催化剂膜厚的数学模型.分析了TiO2膜厚对光催化降解甲醛的影响,并在模型基础上分析了催化剂层内光的衰减系数和污染物的有效扩散系数对最优催化剂膜厚的影响.结果表明,随着催化剂膜厚的增加,甲醛的降解先增加而后趋于平缓;最优催化剂膜厚受UV光衰减系数的影响较大,受污染物的有效扩散系数的影响较小;由于TiO2催化剂对254nmUV光的强烈吸收,优化的催化剂膜厚只有80nm左右.该模型对实验数据拟合较好.     

不同基质负载的TiO2薄膜光催化性能的比较

采用溶胶凝胶法制备出纳米TiO2粉末、ITO导电玻璃和普通玻璃负载的纳米TiO2薄膜光催化刺。通过对乙酸的降解实验表明：镀膜4次的TiO2／ITO薄膜的催化活性大约是TiO2／giass薄膜的2倍,与等负载量的TiO2粉末相比也具有较高的光催化活性。使用10次后,TiO2／ITO薄膜和TiO2／glass薄膜的光催化活性分别降低了25％和12％。但经再生后,催化活性可恢复至90％左右。     

磁性微球负载光催化剂的吸附特性研究

在TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4物化特性的研究中,通过测定方法的改进首次获得光照反应阶段TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4吸附量与溶液残余量间的定量关系(以苯酚为例,结果表明:在光照及无光照条件下TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4遵循不同的吸附规律,以后者取代前者存在明显缺陷;揭示了凝聚现象是导致TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4光活性降低的主要原因。     

二氧化钛膜光催化降解水中壬基酚的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法于500℃制备了不同层数的锐钛矿纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）薄膜。利用TiO2薄膜作催化剂,研究了水中壬基酚（NP）的紫外光降解特性。考察了镀膜层数、pH值、初始浓度、光照距离和光照时间与降解率的关系。结果表明,镀3层膜,pH值为5．0～6．0,光照距离为9cm,光照时间为60min的条件下,ρ（NP）初始为100μg/L时降解率可达80％以上。     

Zr/TiO2纳米颗粒的制备及其光催化活性

以钛酸丁酯,乙醇为原料,用固相合成法制备了Zr/TiO2纳米颗粒,用XRD、TEM对其组成、颗粒大小、形貌进行了表征.通过对罗丹明B的降解反应,考察了Zr/TiO2的光催化活性.结果表明,Zr/TiO2为纳米颗粒,平均粒径为12.7 nm左右,且颗粒均匀;掺杂金属离子Zr提高了TiO2光催化效率,掺杂2.0%Zr的催化剂活性最高.Zr/TiO2的光催化反应,首先是反应物在Zr/TiO2表面发生吸附作用,然后进一步发生光催化降解.     

磁性微球负载光催化剂失活特性及再生方法研究

TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4在连续使用过程中存在失活现象并表现出吸附能力的降低,在实验基础上提出了超声波在线再生的解决方案;测试结果表明,TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4在重复使用10次及连续使用130h条件下可保持其催化活性不变。     

可见光响应Pr3+:Y2SiO5/ TiO2薄膜的制备

目的研究层涂法制备Pr~(3+):Y_2SiO_5/TiO_2复合薄膜的结构与可见光催化性能。方法分别以钛酸丁酯(TBOT)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体,通过溶胶-凝胶法制得TiO_2凝胶和Pr掺杂的Y_2SiO_5凝胶,以碳纤维为薄膜载体,并通过浸渍提拉法制备Pr~(3+):Y_2SiO_5/TiO_2层涂薄膜,研究层涂法制备复合薄膜对复合薄膜结构、形貌以及光催化效果的影响。结果复合薄膜具有明显的分层界限,形貌较平整,有较少龟裂;复合薄膜性能受涂覆次序的影响较大。结论依次将Pr~(3+):Y_2SiO_5和TiO_2涂覆在碳纤维上的复合薄膜具有较好的光催化性能,可见光光照2 h,对亚甲基蓝的脱色率达到94%,其可见光催化效率高于TiO_2薄膜的59%。     

邻-氯酚在TiO_2膜上光催化降解及反应动力学特征

以钛酸四丁酯为原料采用Sol Gel法制备了玻璃负载TiO2 膜光催化剂 ,应用XRD表征了不同实验条件下薄膜中TiO2 的晶相结构和粒度。分析了不同层数TiO2 膜的光催化活性和溶液 pH值对邻 氯酚 (2 CP)的影响。结果表明 :处理温度为 50 0℃时不同厚度薄膜中TiO2 均为锐钛矿晶型 ,粒径 8～ 33nm ,5层涂膜光催化活性最高。在高 pH值和低pH值区域 2 CP ,在TiO2 膜上的光催化降解速率较大。 2 CP初始浓度 (C0 )与反应速率 (r0 )的关系符合Langmuir Hinshelwood方程 ,当C0 ≤ 0 .6mmol·L- 1 时 ,降解反应可用一级动力学模式来描述。     

金属离子掺杂TiO_2薄膜光催化去除气相中甲醛

采用溶胶-凝胶法在普通玻璃表面制备TiO2,Fe3+/TiO2,La3+/TiO2三种光催化剂,研究了煅烧温度、煅烧时间、涂膜层数、Fe3+和La3+加入量等因素对光催化剂降解气相甲醛的影响。结果表明,La3+/TiO2光催化性能略好于TiO2,Fe3+/TiO2光催化性能最佳。当掺Fe3+的TiO2催化剂煅烧温度为450℃,煅烧时间为2h,Fe:T(imol)=0.3%,涂覆层数为4层,光催化反应3h,实验封闭体系中甲醛的降解率可达49.24%。