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本文利用2015~2018年衡阳市城区空气质量监测数据,分析环境空气污染特征及变化趋势。研究结果表明:2015~2018年衡阳市城区环境空气以PM2.5、PM10、O3污染为主,其中PM2.5和PM10年均值浓度呈下降趋势,O3年均值浓度呈不规则波动变化;年内时空变化上,O3呈现夏、秋季浓度高和冬、春季浓度低的特点,PM2.5和PM10呈现出夏季浓度低、冬季浓度高的特点。针对衡阳市空气污染物特征,提出了衡阳市城区空气质量改善的对策建议。 相似文献
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目的:研究宝鸡市城区雾霾期和非雾霾期PM10、PM2.5的质量浓度变化以及比例关系,为宝鸡的雾霾治理提供技术支撑。方法:在宝鸡市监测站院子设点对PM10、PM2.5分别进行雾霾期和非雾霾期2h段对比监测,结合气象条件进行相关分析,总结规律。结果:PM2.5、PM10质量浓度雾霾期高于非雾霾期。结论:总结了不同时段PM10、PM2.5质量浓度和二者比例关系,为以后的研究和环境管理提供参考。 相似文献
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利用车载环境空气质量监测系统对长沙市城区典型交通路口的近地面空气质量进行了实时监测。结果表明,在监测时段(14∶00~20∶00)内,该监测点环境空气中PM10的小时质量浓度范围在0.097~0.222mg/m3之间,平均值0.163mg/m3;PM2.5的小时质量浓度范围在0.050~0.158mg/m3之间,平均值0.103mg/m3。PM2.5/PM10比值在48.1%~76.6%之间,平均值62.4%。PM10与PM2.5质量浓度在星期一相对较低,星期二有所升高,星期三至周末总体上保持基本稳定。在监测时段PM10与PM2.5小时质量浓度呈现先降后升的变化规律,即14∶00~15∶00,PM10与PM2.5质量浓度相对较高,16∶00左右降至最低,从17∶00开始逐渐升高,20∶00达到峰值。PM10和PM2.5的质量浓度变化与车流量和车速密切相关,温度、相对湿度和风速等气象因素对PM10和PM2.5质量浓度的变化影响也较显著。 相似文献
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利用第3代空气质量模式CMAQ对成渝经济区(四川)2012年1、4、7、10四个月的PM2.5浓度进行了数值模拟,并利用现状监测数据及遥感反演的AOD分布对模拟结果进行了对比分析,表明该模式对PM2.5模拟性能良好。根据CMAQ模拟结果,模拟的4个月中10月份PM2.5浓度最高,其次为4月份,1月最低;PM2.5浓度在空间分布上形成2个高值区,分别是成都、德阳和眉山区域,另一个是川南城市群的宜宾、自贡、内江等地市。利用CMAQ模式对成都及其周边地市之间PM2.5的相互影响分析表明,成都、绵阳、德阳3个地市城区PM2.5浓度受本地源影响较大,周边城市中德阳对成都影响最大,成都则对眉山影响最大。 相似文献
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根据2013年1月1日至2月15日大连市环境监测中心PM2.5监测数据和大连市气象局风向、风速、降水量等资料,研究了降雪、降雨、风等气象因素对大气中PM2.5的去除效应。结果表明,大连市冬季采暖期PM2.5污染较重,PM2.5浓度受气象因素影响较明显。降雪、降雨、风三种气象因素对大气中PM2.5均有明显的去除效果,因去除机理不同,各气象因素对PM2.5的去除能力大小依次为风、降雨、降雪,去除效率分别为61.6%、46.0%、34.5%。 相似文献
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为了掌握南充市近年来城市空气质量变化及其达标情况,对南充市城区2008~2012年SO2、NO2和PM10的质量浓度数据进行统计分析,并计算各个站点的空气污染指数和空气质量指数。结果表明,3种污染物浓度值都有明显的下降趋势,S02浓度在0.002~0.052mg/m^3之间变化;N02浓度值从0.042mg/m^3下降到0.029mg/m^3;PM10浓度在0.060~0.063mg/m^3之间波动。南充市空气质量冬季较差,夏季较好。在5个监测点中,炼油厂空气质量最差,优良率为92.9%(85.1%);高坪空气质量最好,优良率为99.1%(98.3%)。相关性分析表明,南充市空气污染源主要是工业燃煤和机动车尾气。 相似文献
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为研究成都地区发生不同程度空气污染时,地面气象要素的搭配类型特征,基于成都地区2014~2016年多个逐日气象要素值(气温、气压、湿度等)和逐日AQI资料,对2014~2016年成都地区空气质量状况进行特征分析,并且通过TSI天气分型方法,并结合同期逐日空气质量资料探讨了四季不同天气类型下空气质量特征,主要结果为:(1)2014~2016年成都市总体空气质量夏秋季空气质量最佳,春季次之,冬季最差。(2)不同天气类型空气质量状况差异较大。春季3型和4型容易发生轻度污染;夏季1型和4型容易发生轻度污染;秋季3型容易出现轻度污染;冬季4型和5型天气下容易发生轻度污染以上的空气污染状况。研究为成都地区空气污染气象研究提供参考依据,也为空气污染预报提供一些借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Huertas JI Huertas ME Izquierdo S González ED 《Journal of environmental management》2012,93(1):121-129
The coal mining region in northern Colombia is one of the largest open pit mining regions of the world. In 2009, there were 8 mining companies in operation with an approximate coal production of ~70 Mtons/year. Since 2007, the Colombian air quality monitoring network has reported readings that exceed the daily and annual air quality standards for total suspended particulate (TSP) matter and particles with an equivalent aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 μm (PM??) in nearby villages. This paper describes work carried out in order to establish an appropriate clean air program for this region, based on the Colombian national environmental authority requirement for modeling of TSP and PM(10) dispersion. A TSP and PM?? emission inventory was initially developed, and topographic and meteorological information for the region was collected and analyzed. Using this information, the dispersion of TSP was modeled in ISC3 and AERMOD using meteorological data collected by 3 local stations during 2008 and 2009. The results obtained were compared to actual values measured by the air quality monitoring network. High correlation coefficients (>0.73) were obtained, indicating that the models accurately described the main factors affecting particle dispersion in the region. The model was then used to forecast concentrations of particulate matter for 2010. Based on results from the model, areas within the modeling region were identified as highly, fairly, moderately and marginally polluted according to local regulations. Additionally, the contribution particulate matter to the pollution at each village was estimated. Using these predicted values, the Colombian environmental authority imposed new decontamination measures on the mining companies operating in the region. These measures included the relocation of three villages financed by the mine companies based on forecasted pollution levels. 相似文献
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基于模糊数学的大气环境质量综合评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鉴于大气环境质量评价中客观存在的不确定性和模糊性,运用模糊数学方法,选用SO2、NO2、PM10作为评价因子,参照大气环境质量标准,通过计算污染因子权重分配系数和隶属度对乌鲁木齐市2004年至2010年大气环境质量给出客观的评价,综合评价结果表明乌鲁木齐市总体大气环境质量为轻度污染(三级),但空气质量在逐年好转,SO2和PM10依然是乌鲁木齐市空气质量的制约因子,且NO2的权重在逐年上升。模糊综合评判考虑环境空气质量评价的模糊性,根据污染物浓度对各级别的贴近度考察污染物的级别,评价结果比较直观,可以细致准确的评价环境质量等级,评价结果基本可以反映环境空气污染的情况。 相似文献
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利用2015~2017年攀枝花市污染因子和气象要素实测数据,运用GIS技术、相关分析以及统计分析等方法,分析攀枝花市空气污染因子和气象要素的时空特征及相关性。结果表明:攀枝花市首要污染物为PM10,其次是NO2;秋冬以PM10和NO2污染为主,春夏PM10和O3为主。不同季节,各气象要素对本地空气质量的影响程度及空间分布存在明显差异。弄弄坪一带PM2.5和SO2、CO浓度偏高,市中心炳草岗一带PM10、O3和NO2浓度偏高。结合本地发展规划和实际情况,根据气象要素分析,为攀枝花市分区分季节的防污减排决策提供气象参考。 相似文献
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湘江株洲段表层水重金属含量及存在形态分布研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以国家Ⅲ类水质限值为标准,总体来讲,湘江株洲段河水中Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd的总量均不超标,Cd的污染较重。霞湾断面的污染最重,清水塘工业区铅锌冶炼和化工企业是其污染的主要来源。采用化学分析的方法,对湘江株洲段水体中的Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd进行了形态分析,Cu、Zn溶解态在各断面均大于50%;Pb、Cd的形态在不同的断面其所占比例不一样。监测了各水质参数,pH大都在7.5左右,Eh在200~300mv之间,为氧化的环境,COD大部分断面均在15~20mg/L以下。 相似文献
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石家庄市PM_(2.5)的污染现状及防控对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对石家庄市PM2.524 h质量浓度监测结果的分析,发现PM2.5的污染指数范围是84~242,污染指数最高点出现在高新区,最低点出现在封龙山。导致PM2.5高污染指数的影响因素有气象、地理、机动车保有量和石家庄工业结构。因此从减少扬尘、控制机动车尾气排放量、工业污染防治、环保及气象部门协作等方面提出了PM2.5的防控对策。 相似文献
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Chaulya SK 《Journal of environmental management》2004,70(1):1-14
A study for the assessment and management of the air quality was carried out at Lakhanpur area of Ib Valley Coalfield in Orissa state in India. The 24-h average concentrations of total suspended particulate (TSP) matter, respirable particulate matter (PM10), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were monitored during 1 year period. Samplings were done at a regular interval through out the year at 13 monitoring stations in the residential areas and four monitoring stations in the mining/industrial areas. The 24-hr average TSP and PM10 concentrations ranged from 338.8 to 799.8 microg m(-3) and 102.5-425.6 microg m(-3) for industrial area, and 72.3-497.1 microg m(-3) and 40.8-171.9 microg m(-3) for residential area, respectively. During the study period 24-hr and annual average TSP and PM10 concentrations exceeded the respective standards set in the national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) protocol at most residential and industrial areas. However, 24-hr and annual average concentrations of SO2 and NOx were well within the prescribed limit of NAAQS both in the residential and industrial areas. The annual and 24-hr average concentrations varied from 23.3 to 36.8 microg m(-3) and 16.0-55.2 microg m(-3) for SO2 and 23.9-41.9 microg m(-3) and 19.0-58.1 microg m(-3) for NOx, respectively. The temporal variations of TSP and PM10 fitted polynomial trend with an average correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.77 (+/-0.17) for TSP and 0.85 (+/-0.10) for PM10. On average the PM10 in the ambient air of the mining area constituted 31.94 (+/-1.76)% of the TSP. The linear regression correlation coefficient (R2) between TSP with PM10 and NOx with SO2 was 0.86 (+/-0.12) and 0.57 (+/-0.20), respectively. Maximal concentrations of TSP and PM10 occurred within the mining site based on the kriging technique. A management strategy is formulated for effective control of air pollution at source and other mitigative measures recommended including implementation of green belts around the sensitive areas where the concentration of air pollutants exceeded the standard limit. 相似文献