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碳捕集与封存是我国石油行业的重要转型发展机遇,重点研究CCS两个较为成熟的主要方向对石油行业的机遇,一是在地质封存CO2同时提高石油天然气采收率,即CCS-EOR,另一个是利用盐水层(也称咸水层)或其它地下空间对CO2进行封存。文章论述了CCS对于温室气体减排的重要作用,CCS作为我国石油行业转型发展机遇的分析。CCS是我国石油行业的重要转型发展机遇,国内石油公司应对CCS进行重点研究和适度发展。 相似文献
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CO2驱油和地质封存项目中的泄漏风险是制约其发展的重要瓶颈,对地表大气中的CO2开展监控被认为是预防项目泄漏风险、证实项目埋碳量的关键手段。该研究首次引入了CO2走航监测技术,选取新疆克拉玛依油田CO2混相驱试验区为研究对象,开展了地表CO2泄漏特征监测。监测结果显示:该试验区周边行政区内9个功能区块的CO2均值浓度为417.95×10-6~767.59×10-6,清洁本底浓度为416.66×10-6。试验区CO2小时浓度变化与现场生产组织的作息呈现相关性,小时均值浓度为416.81×10-6~420.69×10-6,与本底浓度差异不大,因此对大气环境影响较小。局部异常点出现于注气点、采油井、现场休息室、修井作业点、生活基地5类位置。注气系统中,储罐、换热器和注入泵有较明显检出,6组注气系统的泄漏值最大值低于CO2长期接触限值,远低于CO2短期接触限值。 相似文献
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针对二氧化碳驱油封存技术(CO2-EOR)国内尚无通用的环境监测方法的情况下,文章提出了土壤气CO2的通量以及13C监测的重要性,并结合胜利油田CO2-EOR项目开展的环境监测工作,提出了几点监测过程值得注意的问题:为识别CO2泄漏风险,注气前的环境监测数据至关重要;监测区域除了涵盖注气井和采油井,必须考虑注气过程中CO2地下运移的范围,但目前尚无明确的方法计算延伸的距离;在数据分析和挖掘过程中,由于参数的表征方式不同,借助统计学分析软件的类比功能实现监测方法之间的相互印证. 相似文献
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二氧化碳捕获和存储作为清洁发展机制项目的潜力与障碍分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文目的在于讨论和分析二氧化碳捕获和储存技术项目(CCS)作为清洁发展机制(CDM)项目的障碍和机遇。CCS被视为减少CO2人为排放量的选择方案之一,但在发展中国家,该技术面临着政策、成本和技术上的挑战。对这些国家而言,CDM几乎是发展CCS的唯一动机。本文分析了CCS作为CDM项目面临的项目边界、持久性、渗漏和可持续发展性的问题,并展望了未来的发展趋势。 相似文献
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经济、社会、环境三个子系统构成一个复杂的区域系统,区域系统的协调性与综合水平在不同程度上反映了某地区的发展水平,经济--社会--环境系统协调发展是可持续发展的基本要求.陕西省位于西部前沿,是实施西部大开发战略目标的重要省份.选择区域子系统的组成要素并确定各要素的评价标准,根据集对分析的思想得到各子系统所处的状态,按照空间概念计算区域系统内各市的协调性和综合水平.结果表明:①陕西省大部分区域协调性在中等水平以上;②陕西省各市综合水平值普遍偏低;③陕西省各市综合水平与经济水平(以人均GDP衡量)存在一定的正相关关系.研究结论可为陕西省不同城市采取相应策略促进区域系统协调发展提供一定参考. 相似文献
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城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
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Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
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泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
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Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
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阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
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