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本文以沉淀法制备的TiO2为催化剂,紫外杀菌灯为光源,对阳离子艳红染料的光催化降解进行动力学研究.实验结果表明TiO2光催化降解低浓度阳离子艳红的反应为一级反应,反应动力学行为符合Langmuir-Himshelwood方程,其反应速率常数为1.87 mg/L·min. 相似文献
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李秋波 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2013,(3):65-68,76
结合紫外法测定水质中总氮空白校正吸光度值易偏高、测定结果准确度低的问题,分别从检测试剂含氮量、选择实验用水、清洗玻璃器皿、改进实验操作、改进消解环境等多个方面分析了各影响因素对总氮测定的影响,相应提出了采用测定含氮量的方法筛选试剂、新制备的去离子水作为总氮实验用水、每次总氮实验使用新刷好的器皿、增加颠倒混匀步骤提高测定结果的准确度和精密度、高压蒸汽灭菌器应定时清洗换水等对策与建议。 相似文献
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李秋波 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2012,(5):60-64
将微波消解-紫外法测定总氮从方法检出限、校准曲线、精密度和准确度、实际样品测定4个方面与国标紫外法作了比较研究,进行了消解时间比对实验,说明了微波消解-紫外法测定总氮的注意事项。结果表明,微波消解-紫外法检出限为0.115 mg/L,高于国标紫外法;校准曲线具有较好线性相关系数,斜率与国标紫外法一致;方法精密性和准确性较好,实际样品测定结果与紫外法保持一致,在总氮监测中具有可行性。微波消解-紫外法节省了总氮监测的整个用时。 相似文献
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The photocatalytic degradation of a dye derivative, C.I. disperse blue 1 (1), has been investigated under UV light irradiation in the presence of TiO2 and H2O2 under a variety of conditions. The degradation was studied by monitoring the change in substrate concentration employing UV spectroscopic technique as a function of irradiation time. The degradation was studied under different conditions such as different types of TiO2, reaction pH, catalyst and substrate concentration containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), besides molecular oxygen in the presence of TiO2. The degradation of dye was also investigated under sunlight and the efficiency of degradation was compared with that of the artificial light source. The degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by all the above parameters. The photocatalyst Degussa P25 was found to be more efficient for the degradation of the dye. 相似文献
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光污染的危害及防治措施 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
刘旭东 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2006,16(4):60-62
光污染会引起人的视觉疲劳和视力下降,导致儿童性早熟,而且也危及野生动植物.光污染给天文学家观察星空造成了很大的困难,给航空和行车也带来了很大的威胁.降低日常生活用灯亮度最高指数,在必需大亮度的生产环境中给作业者配以防眩镜,在汽车上安置双焦防眩照明灯,对光源分布做出合理安排,不安装对空灯光装置等可有效减少光危害. 相似文献
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Samara Teixeira Pereira Elisngela Maria Rodrigues Rocha Elson Santos da Silva Giulia Beatriz Mota da Silva Maria Luisa Palitot Remigio Alves 《环境质量管理》2020,29(3):43-49
The present work investigated color and biochemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from treated landfill leachate via advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) artificially emitted. The AOP H2O2/UV, TiO2/UV, and photolysis were tested in two bench‐scale photoreactors: The first one with UV‐C lamp and the other with UV‐A lamp associated or not with coagulation / flocculation pretreatment. Crude leachate samples with pH ranging from 8 to 3 were used, and time varied in 30, 45, and 60 minutes. Experiments were performed in two stages: step 1 with a 20 mL volume from each sample and step 2 with repetition of the best results from the previous step, adopting the 150 mL volume. In step 1, the AOP applied in the crude leachate sample showed the best results, standing out H2O2/UV‐C with 30 minutes and TiO2/UV‐A with 60 minutes. In step 2, H2O2/UV‐C had a 60% color removal and 25% COD reduction, while TiO2/UV‐A had a 10% color removal and 20% COD reduction. Therefore, the H2O2/UV‐C process was the most efficient, because the complex characteristics of the effluent interfered in the TiO2/UV‐A efficiency, but it is necessary to eliminate the process interferences. The use of artificial radiation is a viable alternative; however, it can be costly, being relevant in the associations between processes with artificial UV and solar UV, as the natural radiation becomes more attractive and allows the process operating costs reduction. 相似文献
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水体中氟乐灵的生物毒性和去除研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
作为一种在全球范围内广泛使用的二硝基苯胺类除草剂,氟乐灵对环境和人体健康的潜在危害越来越受到人们的关注.本文首次总结了水体中氟乐灵的来源、生物毒性、毒性机理以及饮用水处理中去除氟乐灵的物理、化学和生物方法.传统单独的加氯消毒、生物膜工艺等通常难以高效去除水体中的氟乐灵,而以紫外线和臭氧为基础的高级氧化技术(AOPs)由于能产生具有强氧化能力的羟基自由基而对水体中痕量氟乐灵有较好的去除效果.最后在此基础上,对今后的研究方向进行了展望,提出改进饮用水中微量氟乐灵的毒性检测和去除工艺亟待解决的问题. 相似文献
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污水处理中紫外消毒方法与传统消毒方法相比之下具有不需要投加化学药剂、不产生有毒有害副产物、消毒效率高、操作简单、便于运行管理等特点。本文着重介绍了目前用于消毒的紫外灯的种类,并阐述了浊度、微生物种类、光复活性能等影响紫外消毒效果的因素,最后对未来紫外消毒方法发展的前景做出了分析。 相似文献
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采用类UV/Fenton法对模拟三唑磷废水进行处理。在模拟废水中人工投加H2O2和Fe^3+试剂能产生类Fenton试剂,类Fenton试剂在光照条件过程中可以产生大量活性羟基.OH,能够很好地氧化降解废水中的有机化合物。本方法可以有效的处理低浓度的含三唑磷的废水,提供三唑磷农药水样的UV/Fenton催化氧化过程的一级动力学方程。 相似文献
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The oxidation of trace organic impurities in ultrapure water by ultraviolet light (UV), ozone, and the combination of UV/ozone
is investigated. The emphasis is on the development of a global model to simulate the process that take place in the typical
oxidation reactors used in ultrapure water plants. The study also focuses on reaction mechanism for oxidation of multi-component
organic impurities. Eighteen organic model compounds are chosen as representative contaminants. The results demonstrate and
confirm a significant synergistic effect between UV and ozone oxidation. A mechanism for the synergistic oxidation of organic
impurities is proposed and validated with experimental data. The combination of the reaction and the reactor models is used
to determine the fundamental kinetic parameters involved in the three oxidation processes.
Received: 3 July 1998 / Accepted: 4 September 1998 相似文献