剩余活性污泥制复合肥

石油化工污水处理过程中产生的剩余活性污泥处理是环保工作中的一大难题 ,通过对污泥成分、肥效的分析及对活性污泥制肥的工艺简介 ,阐明了剩余活性污泥制复合肥技术的可行性和广阔前景     

不同尺寸双腐蚀缺陷管道剩余强度研究

利用非线性有限元分析方法,对含有不同尺寸的双腐蚀缺陷管道剩余强度进行分析,与实验结果进行对比,验证了非线性有限元法的可靠性。在此基础上,分别研究了轴向间距对不同长度、不同深度双腐蚀缺陷管道剩余强度的影响,计算结果表明:当双腐蚀缺陷轴向间距很小时,不同长度双腐蚀缺陷之间存在完全相互作用,而不同深度双腐蚀缺陷之间不存在完全相互作用;随着双腐蚀缺陷轴向间距系数的增加,不同长度和深度双腐蚀缺陷管道失效压力均呈现明显的对数函数变化形式;当双腐蚀轴向间距系数大于2.5 l_s后,不同长度和深度双腐蚀相互作用现象均消失。     

带缺陷动车底部悬挂控制台剩余强度分析

基于仿真分析找出悬挂控制台薄弱环节,对比各运行里程的产品薄弱环节的强度变化,评估其完整件剩余寿命.此外针对带有不同缺陷类型动车组控制台,通过仿真分析,推测其剩余强度的变化情况,并对缺陷的最大阈值进行了分析研究.     

污泥龄对剩余污泥减量化的影响

为了解决污水厂生化系统剩余污泥产量过多的问题,采用延长污泥龄(SRT)的方法,对剩余污泥减量化的影响进行了研究。实验得知:污泥龄由8d增至16d时,污泥表观产率系数下降28.53%,而污泥龄由8d增至24d时,污泥表观产率系数下降51.12%。污泥龄的延长对CODCr的去除能力没有明显的影响,但使出水NH3-N浓度和TP浓度均升高,通过调整碳氮磷源的比例降低出水NH3-N和TP浓度。实验结果表明:SRT的延长,不仅降低活性污泥工艺中的剩余污泥的产量,同时还能降低处理与处置的费用,有发展前景,值得深入研究。     

油基岩屑热解后剩余固相资源化利用研究

热解剩余固相作为油基岩屑的无害化处理产物,其资源化利用方式受到广泛关注。文章分析了剩余固相的性质与组成,重金属含量低于GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量 农用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》管制值,存在资源化利用的可能性。基于近年来的研究成果,综述了剩余固相在制水泥、砖、路基材料方面 的资源化利用途径,剩余固相中的火山脂活性可以提供建材所需的力学性能。从机理方面分析了剩余固相作 为催化剂和吸附材料的优势,其中含有的过渡金属可以有效催化多种反应,且具有化学吸附作用。解读了国内 油基岩屑热解后剩余固相资源化利用方面的最新政策,对以后的研究方向进行了展望。     

剩余污泥中重金属处理技术研究进展

污水在处理过程中会产生大量的剩余污泥,其中含有的重金属会造成严重的污染。为了解决剩余污泥污染的问题,本文详述了国内外有关污泥重金属方面的研究原理、特点、现状以及存在的主要问题,并讨论了剩余污泥无害化处理技术的未来发展方向。     

基于可靠度的LY12CZ铝合金预腐蚀剩余强度预测

按ASTM标准对常温下的LY12CZ 铝合金进行预腐蚀.利用MTS 880试验机进行静拉伸试验,结果表明剩余强度随着腐蚀损伤程度加深逐步下降.文中建立了带有可靠度的剩余强度计算方法,并基于AFGROW软件建立了腐蚀坑的物理模型提出了剩余强度预测方法,这两种方法与实验结果吻合程度良好,具有工程应用参考价值.     

剩余污泥减量化处置技术研究现状综述

目前应用最广泛的活性污泥处理工艺在运行过程中会产生大量剩余污泥,针对这一不足,研究污泥减量技术并提出未来污泥减量化技术的发展方向显得尤为紧迫。活性污泥法是目前世界上应用最为广泛的污水生物处理技术,但该方法一直存在产生大量的剩余污泥弊端,其剩余污泥产生量达到污水处理量的0.3%～0.5%(按含水率97%计),产生量十分惊人,目前对剩余污泥处理的投资和运行费用巨大,可占整个污水厂投资及运行费用的25%～65%,已成为城市污水处理厂所面临的沉重负担。因此,如何使污泥处理达到减容化、无害化、稳定化、资源化及减量化,将是今后污水处理过程中的急需关注的重要课题。污泥减量化是指通过利用物理、化学、生化的手段,使得整个污水处理系统向外排放的生物同体量达到最少。从根本上     

消化/剩余污泥水分扩散通量的研究

在传递理论的基础上,研究了干燥温度、污泥厚度及其种类3个主要因素对污泥水分扩散的影响,干燥温度设为30℃、40℃和50℃,污泥厚度设为1.3 cm、2.6 cm和3.9 cm,分别考察了消化和剩余两种污泥的干燥性能。利用实验数据获得两种污泥的有效质扩散系数,采用因次分析法建立了它们的水分扩散通量的准则关系式,通过实验研究两种污泥的水分扩散通量随干基含湿量的变化规律,并获得了两种污泥的水分扩散通量的经验公式。实验结果显示3.9 cm厚的消化污泥在40℃条件下的干燥效果最好。     

城市污水处理厂剩余污泥中温厌氧消化处理研究

应用污水处理厂剩余污泥开展污泥中温厌氧消化实验，对一系列影响污泥厌氧消化反应的因素进行了考察。实验结果表明：由于污泥C／N值较低，单独消化非常困难，有机物分解率比较低，分解速度慢，气体发生量少。在35℃时，污泥投配率为7．5％～10％，基质的去除率可达到35．54％。37．62％，去除单位基质的产甲烷量为O．265～O.274m^3／kgCOD。     

THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE OPERATION OF A MULTI-PURPOSE WATER RESOURCE SYSTEM1

The objective of any water resource system is to transform the natural waters of a river basin into a form such that optimal use of these waters will result. Thus the water may be transformed into electrical energy, transferred in space for water supply and irrigation, transferred in time for flood control and maintenance of adequate streamflows, or simply retained for use as a means for achieving water-based recreation.     

新型节能电源控制技术在电除尘器上的应用

对当前电除尘器的主流节能技术进行了综合分析和论证,指出应通过先进的电源控制产品优化除尘器运行方式来实现除尘器的节能高效运行,利用高频电源技术达到电除尘器节能减排的目的。     

Constraints to improved energy efficiency in agricultural pumpsets: the case of India

Supply to electrical pumpsets for irrigation purposes accounts for about 25% of the total electricity sold in India. The number of electrical pumpsets is expected to increase from 8.5 million in 1989–90 to 10.5 million in 1994–95. Low load factors (10–12%) and low densities (1–4 pumpsets/km²) mean large investments for the electric utility in order to supply electricity for irrigation. It is reported that there exists a potential to save at least 10% of the electricity supplied to this sector by means of simple retrofit measures. However, conditions in the field pose constraints to such retrofits. Some of those constraints are highlighted in this paper. It is also suggested that immediate attempts be made to ensure that all new connections are energy efficient. This paper suggests that the additional cost incurred to ensure new energy efficient connections and to maintain retrofit energy efficient pumpsets must be looked on as a necessary cost for energy efficiency.     

传染病医院建筑给排水设计初探

本文针对传染病医院建筑给排水的设计进行研究.从实例出发,分析了传染病院的功能特点及不同类型传染病所采取的措施要点,从有利于洁净及防止二次污染、污水处理及消防给水设计等几个方面提出自己的看法及相应的技术措施.     

出口小家电产品环境适应性试验中常见问题及分析

本文介绍了小家电产品在环境检测中常见的安全问题,分析其通常存在的不符合IEC标准的条款和产生的原因,提出了解决类似问题的措施,从而提高出口小家电产品的安全性能.     

电除尘器高频电源的提效节能应用

对电除尘器高频电源的基本结构、技术性能特点作了简要介绍,阐述了高频电源的提效节能原理,提供了具体应用实例作为佐证,并推荐了适合高频电源应用的场合。     

火电厂电除尘器电控系统的节能改造

电除尘器是火力发电厂的高能耗设备,从细节入手,挖掘电除尘器节能潜力,利用原有设备进行改造,采用简易脉冲供电方式和临界反电晕供电方式可以提高电除尘器电能的利用率,大幅度地降低电除尘器的能耗,实现节能。通过对电除尘器电控系统改造实例的前后电场参数进行比较,说明这种改造方法是可行的,实现了经济、节能与环保三者的兼顾与统一。     

Real‐Time Analysis of Energy Generation of a Photovoltaic System Installed in the City of Lajeado,Rio Grande do Sul

Considering successive and costly increases in electricity rates, this article evaluates the generation of electricity from a photovoltaic system using solar energy, a renewable source. The solar photovoltaic system is installed at UNIVATES University Center, a public university in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and it is also connected to the electrical grid. Data related to the climatic conditions of the location, such as incident solar radiation, rainfall, and mean temperature, were obtained during the system's evaluation period and used along with bibliographic research on similar systems installed in southern Brazil. Our study quantified the energy produced over one calendar year (2014) and related it to the climatic variables and the conversion efficiency achieved by the system's photovoltaic modules. Our results show that there is both a strong relationship between the production of energy and climatic conditions and that the city, Lajeado, and the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, have good potential to supply energy using photovoltaic systems connected to the electrical grid. The horizontal global solar radiation average obtained in the study location was 4.14 kilowatts per square meter per day (kWh/m²/day), and the average monthly production of energy reached 243.93 kWh/m²/month, with a total of 2,927.10 kWh produced in 2014, achieving a monthly average conversion efficiency of 11.07%. This conversion efficiency is close to the value of 12.6% obtained in 2013 in a similar study of the same solar photovoltaic system conducted over a shorter time period.     

墙体保温技术清洁生产潜力分析--以乌鲁木齐市为例

以乌鲁木齐市供采暖系统为背景，用清洁生产的思维方式发现和解决采暖过程中热能的浪费。通过对可发性聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板的保温性能和目前民用墙体保温技术发展状况、发展方向及其经济、环境效益的分析，提出大力推广外墙保温技术、实现建筑节能是必然的发展趋势；同时实行分户供暖、计量收费更是推行节能建筑的重要保障。     

Evaluating opportunities to improve material and energy impacts in commodity supply chains

When evaluated at the scale of individual processes, next-generation technologies may be more energy and emissions intensive than current technology. However, many advanced technologies have the potential to reduce material and energy consumption in upstream or downstream processing stages. In order to fully understand the benefits and consequences of technology deployment, next-generation technologies should be evaluated in context, as part of a supply chain. This work presents the Materials Flow through Industry (MFI) supply chain modeling tool. The MFI tool is a cradle-to-gate linear network model of the US industrial sector that can model a wide range of manufacturing scenarios, including changes in production technology and increases in industrial energy efficiency. The MFI tool was developed to perform supply chain scale analyses in order to quantify the impacts and benefits of next-generation technologies and materials at that scale. For the analysis presented in this paper, the MFI tool is utilized to explore a case study comparing three lightweight vehicle supply chains to the supply chain of a conventional, standard weight vehicle. Several of the lightweight vehicle supply chains are evaluated under manufacturing scenarios that include next-generation production technologies and next-generation materials. Results indicate that producing lightweight vehicles is more energy and emission intensive than producing the non-lightweight vehicle, but the fuel saved during vehicle use offsets this increase. In this case study, greater reductions in supply chain energy and emissions were achieved through the application of the next-generation technologies than from application of energy efficiency increases.